Kritiska perspektiv i arkeologi 2014 Litteratur och diskussionsfrågor

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1 Kritiska perspektiv i arkeologi 2014 Litteratur och diskussionsfrågor Bakgrund Johnson, M, Archaeological theory: an introduction, second edition, Wiley-Blackwell. Why critical perspectives? Alison Klevnäs Johnson, M, Archaeological theory: an introduction, second edition, Wiley-Blackwell. (For the first seminar, make sure you ve read at least Chapters 1, 12 and 13.) Adorno, TW [1958]. The Essay as Form. The Adorno Reader. Red: O Connor, Brian. Oxford: Blackwell. (91-111). Shanks, M & Tilley, C Archaeology and the Politics of Theory. Social Theory and Archaeology. London: Polity Press ( ). (Plus: why were Shanks and Tilley so controversial? Read Shanks brief comment here: Pluciennik, M Theory, fashion, culture. In The death of archaeological theory? J. Bintliff and M. Pearce. Oxford, Oxbow Books: Hodder, I 'Always momentary, fluid and flexible': towards a reflexive excavation methodology. Antiquity (Online via SUB) Wylie, A., Putting Shakertown back together. Critical theory in archaeology. In Thinking from things: essays in the philosophy of archaeology. Berkeley: University of California Press, (Preface also useful.) (Online via SUB) And a recent PhD thesis. You don t need to read the whole text - we will discuss strategies for dealing with long works: Pruitt, T., Authority and the production of knowledge in archaeology. (Doctoral thesis). University of Cambridge. (Online)

2 Discussion questions: - What is archaeological theory? What do the different authors say it is or should be? (Especially Johnson, Shanks & Tilley, Pluciennik, Wylie) - Can we separate archaeological theory from archaeological practice? In what ways are they different? How do they influence each other? - We are all situated Archaeology is a form of cultural production Social practice always implies a politics Data is inevitably theory-laden What is meant by these phrases? - Why did Hodder see a need to change archaeological practice at Çatalhöyük? What new approaches did he aim to introduce? This 1997 article was Hodder s manifesto for the large-scale excavations at the site. What s happening there now? See Pruitt 2011 and the website: - Pruitt 2011 asks What makes someone an authority on the past? What is archaeological authority?. What s her answer? - Why does it matter how we write archaeology? (Adorno, Shanks & Tilley, Johnson) How have you written as an archaeologist? Why?

3 Posthumanism och neomaterialism Fredrik Fahlander Latour, B Reassembling the social: an introduction to Actor-network theory, Oxford: University Press (Third Source of Uncertainty: Objects too Have Agency, pp 63-86). (24 sid). Cummings, Vicki What lies beneath. Thinking about the qualities and essences of stone and wood in the chambered tomb architecture of Neolithic Britain and Ireland, Journal of Social Archaeology 12(1) Gosden, C What Do Objects Want? Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 12(3): Webmoor, T What about one more turn after the social in archaeological reasoning? Taking things seriously, World Archaeology, 39:4, Hicks, Dan The Material-Cultural Turn: Event and Effect. In The Oxford Handbook of Material Culture Studies, edited by Dan Hicks and Mary C. Beaudry, pp Oxford University Press, Oxford. Diskussionsfrågor Gosden: På vilka vis menar Gosden (eg. Alfred Gell) att objekt verkar parallellt med mänskliga intentioner? Vilka materiella aspekter av Romaniseringen tar Gosden upp? Vilka objekt, material och tekniker menar han påverkade utvecklingen? Hur skiljer sig hans objektscentrerade perspektiv mot ett traditionellt kulturhistoriskt? Går det hitta liknande parallella fenomen från andra förhistoriska tider? (Mellanneolitikum?) Webmoor: Vad innebär ett symmetriskt perspektiv? Vilka olika synsätt på det materiellas betydelse finns hos de olika arkeologiska inriktningarna? Vilka är likheterna och vilka är skillnaderna? Lyckas Webmoor övertyga om betydelsen av ett symmetrisk perspektiv i arkeologi? Kan ni komma på situationer eller material som skulle tjäna på ett sådant perspektiv? Kan man exempelvis diskutera en grav eller boplats symmetriskt? Vilka skillnader skulle det i så fall innebära mot ett renodlat humanistisk perspektiv? Latour: Vad är en aktant? Nämn några exempel på materialiteter med agens. Vilka är Latours argument för att inkorporera det materiella i det sociala Vilka är hans centrala argument mot vanlig social teori. Varför kan begrepp som kultur och social struktur vara problematiska? Kan ni finna arkeologiska exempel som kan diskuteras utifrån Latours fem fält: innovation, avstånd, olyckor, emancipation (speciella objekt), kontrafaktiska historier, (på s80ff)

4 Cummings: Hur skiljer sig ett relationellt perspektiv från ett kontextuellt? Hur menar Cummings att vissa Sydamerikanska indianers animistiska sätt att se på ting är mer relevant för neolitikum än det västerländska? Vari ligger skillnaderna mellan dessa olika perspektiv på det materiella? Vilka är huvudpunkterna i Ingolds syn på det materiella? Hur skiljer sig det från hur vi annars brukar se på ting? Är Cummings analys övertygande? Hur skiljer den sig från en traditionell studie av megaliter? Intersektionalitet, kropp och identitet Christina Fredengren Dommasnes, L. H. & Wicker, N. L Situating Gender in Archaeologies: Introduction. In: Dommasnes, L. H., Hjörungdal, T., Montón-Subías, Romero, M. S. & Wicker, N. L (eds). Situating gender in European Archaeology. Pp Nordbladh, J. & Yates, T This Perfect Body, This Virgin Text: Between Sex and Gender in Archaeology. In: Yates, T. & Bapty, I. (Eds). Archaeology after structuralism. London: Routledge. Pp Lykke, N Feminist Studies: A Guide to Intersectional Theory, Methodology and Writing. New York: Routledge. (particularly Pp 49-66) Gilchrist, R Rethinking later medieval masculinity: The male body in death. In: Sayer, D. & Williams, H. (Eds). Mortuary Practices and Social Identities in the Middle Ages: Essays in Burial Archaeology in Honour of Heinrich Härke. Exeter: University of Exeter Press. Pp Fowler, C From Identity and Material Culture to Personhood and Materiality. In: Beaudry, M. & Hicks, D. (Eds). The Oxford Handbook of Material Culture Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pp Fredengren, C Posthumanism, the transcorporeal and biomolecular archaeology. Current Swedish Archaeology, Vol. 21, Pp Diskussionsfrågor Kommer snart!

5 Postcolonial Perspectives Anna Källén Bhabha, Homi The Commitment to Theory. Chapter in The Location of Culture, Routledge Classics (ss 28-56) Fahlander, Fredrik Third Space Encounters: Hybridity, Mimicry and Interstitial Practise. Encounters, Materialities, Confrontations: Archaeologies of Social Space and Interaction, red: Per Cornell & Fredrik Fahlander (ss 15-41) González-Ruibal, Alfredo Vernacular cosmopolitanism: An Archaeological Critique of Universalistic Reason. Cosmopolitan Archaeologies, red: Lynn Meskell (ss ) Meskell, Lynn Introduction: Cosmopolitan Heritage Ethics. Cosmopolitan Archaeologies. Durham: Duke University Press (ss 1-10, 24-27) Petersson, Caroline In Things We Trust: Hybridity and the Borders of Categorization in Archaeology. Current Swedish Archaeology, Vol. 19 (ss ) Diskussionsfrågor 1. Läs Homi Bhabha s kapitel The Commitment to Theory ur boken The Location of Culture, och jämför det med Fredrik Fahlanders och Caroline Peterssons användning av Bhabhas begrepp i ett arkeologiskt sammanhang. Tänk ut ett eget exempel, från ditt uppsatsarbete eller ett annat arkeologiskt sammanhang, där dessa begrepp skulle kunna användas. 2. Läs Lynn Meskells inledning till antologin Cosmopolitan Archaeologies och Alfredo González Ruibals artikel i samma volym. Är det här synsättet relevant för arkeologi på Stockholms universitet? Motivera ditt svar!

6 Public and community archaeologies Alison Klevnäs Merriman, N., Introduction: diversity and dissonance in public archaeology. In: Merriman, N. ed. Public Archaeology. London, New York: Taylor & Francis, Marshall, Y What is community archaeology? World Archaeology, 34(2), Svanberg, F. and Hauptman Wahlgren, K., Publik arkeologi. Stockholm: Historiska Museet. McDavid, C Archaeologies that hurt; descendants that matter: a pragmatic approach to collaboration in the public interpretation of African-American archaeology. World Archaeology, 34(2), Moser, S., et al Transforming archaeology through practice: strategies for collaborative archaeology and the Community Archaeology Project at Quseir, Egypt. World Archaeology, 34(2), Engström, M. and Gruber, G "But how do you go about it?": mobilization processes in partnership building concerning the public face of contract archaeology. Current Swedish Archaeology, 19, And two recent PhD theses in this field. You don t have to read the whole texts. Persson, M., Minnen från vår samtid. Arkeologi, materialitet och samtidshistoria. (Doctoral Thesis). Göteborgs universitet. ( Linde, S. J. v. d., Digging holes abroad. An ethnography of Dutch archaeological research projects abroad. (Doctoral Thesis). Leiden University. ( Discussion questions: Where does the perceived need for public and community archaeologies come from? In particular, why did Moser et al, McDavid, and Gruber & Engström feel it necessary to change archaeological practices at each of their sites? What new approaches did they introduce? Do they go far enough? What problems did/may they face? How do public and community archaeologies relate to postcolonial theory from your previous topic? Give ten examples of activities which illustrate the breadth of what can be included under the heading public or community archaeology. E.g. running community digs, investigating how grant provision impacts research agendas...