Ny Nationell marktäckekartereing- CadasterENV

Ny Nationell marktäckekartereing- CadasterENV För miljöövervakning och landskapsanalys Kartografiska sällskapet 2015-11-07

Bakgrund Finansierat av ESA Två CadasterENV-projekt (Sverige och Österrike) Nov 2012- Okt/Nov 2015 Svenska användare:

Projektmål Framtagande av ett system för att: Kartera marktäcke/markanvändning i två olika skalnivåer Övervaka förändringar Uppfylla flera svenska användares databehov Skalnivåer: 10 meters upplösning för att kartera marktäcke och identifiera förändringar på nationell och regional nivå (HR) 2 meters upplösning med fokus på marktäcke och förändringar i städer med behov av underlag för lokal planering (VHR)

Användarkrav Heltäckande martäckekartering Återupprepbart (fånga förändringar, kontinuerlig uppdatering) Lättanvänd Kostnadseffektiv

Identifier Description User Prio URBAN RB-1 RB-2 RB-3 RB-4 RB-5 The actual land cover shall be mapped (regardless of whether it is inside of urban areas or not). The same land cover classes shall be used for vegetated areas within urban areas as well as outside. Impervious surfaces shall be mapped similarly regardless of whether they are within or outside urban boundaries. Impervious areas shall be separated in built-up and nonbuilt up areas The definition of sparse and dense urban structure from SMD shall be used SCB 1 SCB,SBA, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 SCB 1 SCB, CAB 1 SCB 1 Användarkrav RB-6 Mapping should not be based on existing urban boundaries. SCB 1 RB-7 Extractions and dump areas. SEPA, 2 SCB RB-8 Golf courses 2 RB-9 Morphology (structure) of buildings SCB, CAB 1 RB-10 Height of buildings SCB, CAB 1 RB-11 Update frequency 5 years SCB, SEPA FOREST RB-100 Forest classes from KNAS CAB, SEPA 1 RB-101 Forest definitions shall be adapted to FAO SCB, SBA, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 RB-102 Non-productive forests shall be classified according to forest type CAB, SEPA 2 RB-103 Refine age groups CAB 1 RB-104 An improved delineation of forest on wetlands CAB, SEPA 1 RB-105 Field layers, especially lichen-rich shall be mapped CAB, SEPA 2 RB-106 Field layers with heath vegetation, herb and grass are also of interest to map. CAB 2 RB-107 Burnt forest areas shall be distinguished from clearings CAB 2 RB-108 RB-109 Storm-felled forest areas to be distinguished from clearings. Other disturbed forest due to scree and flooding to be distinguished from clearings CAB 2 CAB 2 RB-110 Differentiate exotic species within spruce and pine forests CAB 2 RB-111 Specify type of deciduous forest (e.g. aspen and willow) CAB 2 within the class Mixed forest. Find and classify deciduous forest within the coniferous forest also when the deciduous forest doesn t reach 30% of the crown cover. RB-112 Find older forests on sand / gravel / ridge (N2000 9060) CAB 2 RB-113 Find nutritious spruce and non-nutritious pine on sand CAB 2 RB-114 Land elevation forests are of interest to map CAB RB-115 Update frequency 5-10 years SEPA 1 RB-116 The Swedish definition of non-productive forest shall be followed AGRICULTURAL AREAS SEPA, CAB 1 RB-200 Open agricultural areas shall be distinguished from wooded agricultural lands SBA, CAB, SEPA 1 RB-201 Definition of wooded pastures shall be based on FAO (> 10%) SBA, CAB, SEPA 1 RB-202 RB-203 RB-204 Coverage of 5-10% shall be mapped as "Other wooded land" according to FAO Identify wooded agricultural land of high conservational value Grasslands outside LPIS shall be separated from other subgroups of other open land. SEPA, 1 CAB, SEPA 1 SBA, CAB, SEPA 2 RB-205 Distinguish permanent leys from temporary leys SBA 2 RB-206 Constructed wetlands SBA 2 RB-207 Map larger landscape elements as attributes SBA, SEPA 2 RB-208 Update frequency of agricultural land should be 3 years SBA 1 RB-209 Store information on nature values as an attribute 2 RB-210 RB-211 Encroachment of shrubs/trees. The signal from the "Change Alert" shall be stored as an attribute. Identify non-acceptable geometric accuracy of the LPIS (Land Parcel Identification System) SCB, SBA, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 SBA 1 RB-212 Use LPIS for better delineation SEPA 2 RB-213 Arable land outside LPIS shall be mapped SBA 1 RB-214 Define wooded pastures and shrublands in accordance to the Swedish Board of Agriculture s directive SJVFS 2011-7 WETLANDS SBA 2 RB-300 Improved delineation for wetlands, both between open wetland and open non-wetland and between forested wetland and forested non-wetland. SCB, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 RB-301 Trees/bushes on wetlands shall be mapped SCB, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 RB-302 Traditionally managed wetlands SEPA 1 RB-303 Incorporate VMI (when digitized) CAB, SEPA 1 RB-304 Classify according to hydro-topographic units bog, fen, mixed mire. CAB 1 RB-305 Classify according to field layer (grass, moss etc) CAB 2 WATER RB-400 Fresh water shall be distinguished from oceans SCB, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 RB-401 Distinguish different types of lakes CAB 2 RB-402 Reed (10 m width) CAB, SEPA 2 RB-403 Lower water vegetation ( water lilies, pondweed etc) CAB 2 OTHER RB-500 Substrate areas and heathland CAB, SEPA, SBA 2 RB-501 Sand environments CAB 2 RB-502 Power line corridors CAB 2 RB-503 Power line corridors with grass CAB 2 RB-504 Accuracy of each class for different parts of the country CAB 1 RB-505 Compatibility between Cadaster classification system, CLC and KNAS SEPA 1 RB-506 Classify according to field layer (grass, herb, heath etc)) CAB 2 LCC RB-600 RB-601 Other yearly updated data (e.g. LPIS) can be used for a yearly update of the LC Where and when to update the LC must be decided from class to class and region to region CAB, SEPA 1 1 RB-602 Changes between main class groups SCB, SBA, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 RB-603 Changes of bush/tree cover (priority in LPIS areas) SBA 1 RB-604 Plugging of ditches on wetland 2 RB-605 New buildings SCB 1 RB-606 Field layer (e.g. lichen - not lichen) SEPA, CAB 2 RB-607 Mixed Forest/Deciduous forest to increased coniferous part SEPA, CAB 1 RB-608 Mixed Forest to increased deciduous part CAB 1 RB-609 Changes between different coniferous classes (e.g. pine to mixed coniferous forest) CAB 2

Underlag framöver Sentinel 2A/2B 10m SPOT5 10m Pleiades (alt ortofoton) 0,5-2m LIDAR Sentinel 2A/2B ger en ny bild av samma område var 5:e dag = ökade möjligheter att få molnfria scener, bättre klassåtskillnad

Nomenklatur

Produkter Marktäcke: Karta med 24 tematiska klasser Nivå 1-3 HR/VHR Raster 10/2 meter Separata lager Markanvändning Objekthöjder Täckningsgrad Produktivitet

HR VHR

Legend CadasterENV Kartdata Västerbotten

Karterade områden HR (10m upplösning): Stockholms län Östergötlands län Västerbottens län VHR (2m upplösning): Stockholm Linköping Norrköping Umeå

Olika typer av förändring Snabba: Nya hyggen Exploatering Nytt vatten (inkl. temporära) Långsamma: Igenväxning Förändrad trädslagsblandning

Verktygslåda Nya hyggen Snabb skogstillväxt Nya vattenytor Ny bebyggelse Ingen skogstillväxt Tidigare vattenytor

Verktygslåda 2006 2014

Integrering a) En nationell marktäckekartering som underlag för grön infrastruktur och statistik på nationell och regional nivå b) Förändringsinformation som tas fram utifrån användarnas krav, årligen eller med annat intervall beroende på användningsområde c) Kvalitetssäkrade förändringar som ligger till grund för uppdateringen av marktäckekarteringen var 5:e år, på sikt kan långsamma förändringar t.ex. trädslagsblandning och igenväxning identifieras och ingå i produkten

Identifier Description User Prio URBAN RB-1 RB-2 RB-3 RB-4 RB-5 The actual land cover shall be mapped (regardless of whether it is inside of urban areas or not). The same land cover classes shall be used for vegetated areas within urban areas as well as outside. Impervious surfaces shall be mapped similarly regardless of whether they are within or outside urban boundaries. Impervious areas shall be separated in built-up and nonbuilt up areas The definition of sparse and dense urban structure from SMD shall be used SCB 1 SCB,SBA, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 SCB 1 SCB, CAB 1 SCB 1 Användarkrav RB-6 Mapping should not be based on existing urban boundaries. SCB 1 RB-7 Extractions and dump areas. SEPA, 2 SCB RB-8 Golf courses 2 RB-9 Morphology (structure) of buildings SCB, CAB 1 RB-10 Height of buildings SCB, CAB 1 RB-11 Update frequency 5 years SCB, SEPA FOREST RB-100 Forest classes from KNAS CAB, SEPA 1 RB-101 Forest definitions shall be adapted to FAO SCB, SBA, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 RB-102 Non-productive forests shall be classified according to forest type CAB, SEPA 2 RB-103 Refine age groups CAB 1 RB-104 An improved delineation of forest on wetlands CAB, SEPA 1 18 RB-105 Field layers, especially lichen-rich shall be mapped CAB, SEPA 2 RB-106 Field layers with heath vegetation, herb and grass are also CAB 2 of interest to map. RB-107 Burnt forest areas shall be distinguished from clearings CAB 2 RB-108 Storm-felled forest areas to be distinguished from clearings. CAB 2 16 RB-109 Other disturbed forest due to scree and flooding to be CAB 2 distinguished from clearings RB-110 Differentiate exotic species within spruce and pine forests CAB 2 RB-111 Specify type of deciduous forest (e.g. aspen and willow) CAB 2 within the class Mixed forest. Find and classify deciduous forest within the coniferous forest also when the deciduous forest doesn t reach 30% of the crown cover. RB-112 Find older forests on sand / gravel / ridge (N2000 9060) CAB 2 RB-113 Find nutritious spruce and non-nutritious pine on sand CAB 2 14 RB-114 Land elevation forests are of interest to map CAB RB-115 Update frequency 5-10 years SEPA 1 RB-116 The Swedish definition of non-productive forest shall be SEPA, CAB 1 followed AGRICULTURAL AREAS 12 RB-200 Open agricultural areas shall be distinguished from wooded agricultural lands RB-201 Definition of wooded pastures shall be based on FAO (> 10%) RB-202 Coverage of 5-10% shall be mapped as "Other wooded land" according to FAO RB-203 Identify wooded agricultural land of high conservational value SBA, CAB, SEPA 1 SBA, CAB, SEPA 1 SEPA, 1 CAB, SEPA 1 10 8 6 RB-204 Grasslands outside LPIS shall be separated from other SBA, CAB, SEPA 2 subgroups of other open land. RB-205 Distinguish permanent leys from temporary leys SBA 2 RB-206 Constructed wetlands SBA 2 RB-207 Map larger landscape elements as attributes SBA, SEPA 2 RB-208 Update frequency of agricultural land should be 3 years SBA 1 RB-209 Store information on nature values as an attribute 2 SCB, SBA, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 RB-210 Encroachment of shrubs/trees. The signal from the "Change Alert" shall be stored as an attribute. RB-211 Identify non-acceptable geometric accuracy of the LPIS CENV & auxiliary data (Land Parcel Identification System) SBA 1 RB-212 Use LPIS for better delineation SEPA 2 RB-213 Arable land outside LPIS shall be mapped SBA 1 RB-214 Sentinel 2 CENV Define wooded pastures and shrublands in accordance to the Swedish Board of Agriculture s directive SJVFS 2011-7 WETLANDS RB-300 Improved delineation for wetlands, both between open wetland and open non-wetland and between forested wetland and forested non-wetland. SBA 2 SCB, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 RB-301 Trees/bushes on wetlands shall be mapped SCB, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 RB-302 Traditionally managed wetlands SEPA 1 4 RB-303 Incorporate VMI (when digitized) CAB, SEPA 1 RB-304 Classify according to hydro-topographic units bog, fen, CAB 1 mixed mire. RB-305 Classify according to field layer (grass, moss etc) CAB 2 WATER RB-400 Fresh water shall be distinguished from oceans SCB, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 2 RB-401 Distinguish different types of lakes CAB 2 RB-402 Reed (10 m width) CAB, SEPA 2 RB-403 Lower water vegetation ( water lilies, pondweed etc) CAB 2 OTHER RB-500 Substrate areas and heathland CAB, SEPA, SBA 2 RB-501 Sand environments CAB 2 0 Forest Open wetlands Arable land Other open land Urban Water LCC RB-502 Power line corridors CAB 2 RB-503 Power line corridors with grass CAB 2 RB-504 Accuracy of each class for different parts of the country CAB 1 RB-505 Compatibility between Cadaster classification system, CLC SEPA 1 and KNAS RB-506 Classify according to field layer (grass, herb, heath etc)) CAB 2 LCC RB-600 Other yearly updated data (e.g. LPIS) can be used for a CAB, SEPA 1 yearly update of the LC RB-601 Where and when to update the LC must be decided from class to class and region to region 1 RB-602 Changes between main class groups SCB, SBA, CAB, Lantm, SEPA 1 RB-603 Changes of bush/tree cover (priority in LPIS areas) SBA 1 RB-604 Plugging of ditches on wetland 2 RB-605 New buildings SCB 1 RB-606 Field layer (e.g. lichen - not lichen) SEPA, CAB 2 RB-607 Mixed Forest/Deciduous forest to increased coniferous part SEPA, CAB 1 RB-608 Mixed Forest to increased deciduous part CAB 1 RB-609 Changes between different coniferous classes (e.g. pine to mixed coniferous forest) CAB 2

Nya indata - Sentinel-2 Förväntade förbättringar när bilder från Sentinel-2 finns tillgängligt: Högre klassningsnoggrannhet; Lövinslag och lövskogar Vatten och vattenvegetation (medelvattenstånd) Öppen våtmark En mer detaljerad klassning Naturtyper i öppen mark baserat på fältskikt (t.ex. gräsmark och hed) Skogstyper med lövträd (t.ex. ek- och askskog) Naturtyper i fjällen Identifiera långsamma förändringar Övergång från jordbruksmark till annan öppen mark Övergång mellan olika trädslagsblandningar Igenväxning En mer kostnadseffektiv kartering Större scener Fler scener (fler molnfria data får önskad registreringstidpunkt)

Tillämpningar Beslutsunderlag Planeringsunderlag Landskapsanalyser Förfinade karteringar

Swedish Environmental Protection Agency Swedish Board of Agriculture Statistics Sweden Swedish Forest Agency Lantmäteriet County Administrative Board of Stockholm County Administrative Board of Östergötland County Administrative Board of Västerbotten Swedish University of Agricultural Science Ola Inghe, Bo Lundin, Sandra Wennberg, Birgitta Olsson Anders Forsberg Jerker Moström, Stefan Svanberg Patrik Olsson Thomas Karlsén Ulf Birgersson, Klara Tullback Rosenström Jens Johannesson Sören Uppsäll Mats Nilsson, Anna Allard

Fortsättning En nationellt heltäckande marktäckekartering i HR (10 m raster) En kartering i högre upplösning som täcker Sveriges större tätorter (2 m raster) En uppdatering av marktäckekarteringen var 5: e år, av markslag och attribut En verktygslåda som möjliggör för förändringsanalys mellan och inom olika markslag och attribut information : www.cadasterenv.se camilla.jonsson@metria.se