The role and posibilities for urban planning & design to create conditions for good elderly life Stefan Lundberg & Mats Johan Lundström Göteborg den 6 oktober 2016 Stefan Lundberg Civ. ing., Tekn. Dr KTH Skolan för teknik & hälsa Mats Johan Lundström Planeringsarkitekt, Tekn. Lic. KTH Skolan för arkitektur & samhällsbyggnad, Tyréns 1
Content: Why? What? How? Why? 2
Ageing society 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Graf från Stefan 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Japan USA France Germany Italy Sweden UK Internationellt Sverige De förväntade medellivslängderna för åren 1863 2001 baseras på beräkningar framtagna till publikationen Kohortdödligheten i Sverige (SCB, Demografiska rapporter 2010:1). Det åldrande Sverige +30% 1/4 Andelen äldre i befolkningen förväntas öka med 30 % mellan 2010 och 2050. En fjärdedel av befolkningen kommer att vara 65 år eller äldre år 2050. Källa: SCB/Folkhälsomyndigheten 3
Ageing society Mean life expectancy in various urban districts Medellivslängden varierar i olika delar av staden. Lack of care staff omsorgspersonal 4
Care through Welfare technology En vän, hemtjänst eller anhörig kan ringa upp Giraffen. Giraffen kan köras runt av uppringaren och titta och prata med användaren. En nattseende kamera ersätter nattliga besök för tillsyn. Main focus on the dwelling AARP iusa har tagit fram en checklista för den boende att själv använda för en genomgång av sitt boende. The Lifelong Housing Certification Project 5
Life goes on outside the dwelling as Too much focus on the dwelling and autonomy in the dwelling People live their lives outside the dwelling as well We need to look outside the dwelling: whats there? What is needed? Life in the dwelling Home 6
Life in Dwelling Neighbourhood District City Region Urban planning = health promotion Impact on individuals health, quality of life and autonomy, which Impact on elderly s need of swrvices and care, which Impact on public economy 7
Elderly friendly or agefriendly cities? Universal design & Design för alla Vhildren friendly city = elderly friendly? Always? First: knowledge and understanding about elderly perspective /alederly friendly city (heterogenous group) then work for a city for all (age friendly city) Eldelry perspective missing in urban planning Not prioritised perspective (compare to children) Low level of knowledge among planners Elderly sector not involved in planning processes Elderly not involved in planning processes 8
Vhat? WHO guidelines: Outdoor environments and buildings Transports Housing Socialt deltagande Respekt och social inkludering Delaktighet & inflytande + arbete & sysselsättning Kommunikation och information Social service, hälso och sjukvård 9
Housing in the city Where and how do eldelry live today and tomorrow? What are their preferences? Ageing in place in the neighbourhood/district complementing housing alternatives needed /types, price, ownership/rentals etc) Strategies/principles for localisation and design of housing for elderly Better coordination: housing planning and spatial/town planning (various levels) Bättre samordna boendeplanering, fysisk planering och markanvisning Äldrefokus: Lokalisering/ markanvisning boende för äldre. Omvandling/ anpassning till äldreanpassade bostäder. Underlätta kvarboende 10
Care and public services Care and public services Accessibility to service Posibilitities to by his/her own do daily chores, revreation, meet friends etc Health (physical, psychological & social wellbeing) Autonomy and freedomofchoice Quality of life and less/later need of care and services 11
Outdoor environment and buildings Jan Gehl: Links between public space quality and its use Public space quality Bad Good Necessary activities Optional activities Social activities (interaktion) : Needs people in public space Indirekt resultat av stadsmiljöns kvalitet High quality: spend more time more optional, and therefor e more social activcities 12
Foto: Gatukontoret, Malmö stad Foto: Mats Johan Lundström Foto: Rosa Danenberg Bild på park Foto: Gatukontoret, Malmö stad Foto: Malmö stad Scales and planning levels Bostaden & gården: utformning, kvalitet Grannskapet: närmiljöns utformning & kvalitet Stadsdelen: tillgång till service, rekreation & utemiljöer; sociala mötesplatser; varierat bostadsutbud Staden: tillgång till transporter och service 13
Cross border cooperation needed Planning sector and social sector Young and old Various academic disciplines Academy and practice How? 14
Good elderly life Elderly department in CIty of Stockholm wants to meet future needs of services, by letting the elderly person Be autonomous, without support (as long as possible) Not isolated having a social life Rooted in the local environment Can move and function in the city How create good elederly life? Knowledge about: Where are generation shifts? Where are the biggest needs of support? Which of these are related to housing/dwelling? Dialouges and focus groups Iterativa design processes with elderly and staff 15
16 City planning department Elderly department Elderly department City planning department Äldreboendebolag Stadsdelsförvaltn Mark & Exploat. Fastighetskontoret Trafikkontoret Bostadsbolagen Pensionärsrådet färdtjänst Nischade äldrebostads ftg KTH SU Äldre Pensionärsorganisationer (anhöriga) PRO SPF Seniorerna Senioruniversitetet Serviceutförare äldreboenden hemtjänst vård Privata bostadsföretag Fastighetsägarna vanliga bostads ftg Universitet högskolor KI Region/ landsting Trafikhuvudman
senior city planning approach city Planning methodology and toolbox for cities/municipalities interested in integrating the elderly perspective in urban planning and design. Part of the bilateral Swddish Italian R&D project PRACTICE (2015 2017) Ulf Ranhagen & Mats Johan Lundström 2004 2016 17
The Senior City Planning Approach 1 Create a collaborative structure and working environment! Develop a systematic and flexible process design Establish a cross disciplinary working group Establish a time and working plan, iterative Develop a joint vocabulary and understanding of key concepts Work in workshops dialogue and joint knowledge development 2 Analyse the current situation! External situation analysis: state of the art, WHO (content + process) External situation analysis: state of the art, research (content + process) Internal situation analysis: elderly performance of the city Internal situation analysis: elderly perspective in urban planning 3 Develop a local planning concept for age friendly planning! Elaboration & priority of measures (WHO/research) key issues & goals Geographical & planning level analysis Timing analysis: issues to handle on various stages of planning process Actor analysis: involvement, responsibilities, tools Measures and steering tool analysis Summarizing coherent working concept/model 4 Pilote the planning concept! Test the planning concept, planning projects on different levels Evaluate the results Revise the planning concept Work in progress! 5 Integrate and mainstream! Change organisation & planning practice in accordance with revised concept Integrate planning concept with existing planning practice The Senior City Planning Approach Create a collaborative structure and working environment! 1 Develop a systematic and flexible process design Establish a cross disciplinary working group Establish a time and working plan, iterative Develop a joint vocabulary and understanding of key concepts Work in workshops dialogues and joint knowledge development Tvärsektoriell samverkan och kommunikativ planering är en förutsättning Illustration: Ulf Ranhagen & PeGe Hillinge, Sweco 18
The Senior City Planning Approach 2 Analyse the current situation! Involvera äldre och äldre sektorn External situation analysis: WHO (content i analysarbetet! & process) External situation analysis: R&D (content & process) Internal situation analysis: elderly performance of the city (content) Internal situation analysis: elderly perspective in urban planning (process) Foto: Ulf Ranhagen The Senior City Planning Approach Styrmedels & nivåanalys 3 Develop a local planning concept for age friendly planning! Prioritering av nyckelfrågor Elaboration & priority of measures (WHO & research) local key issues & goals Geographical & planning level analysis Timing analysis: issues to handle on various stages of planning process Actor analysis: involvement, responsibilities, tools Measures and steering tool mapping & analysis Develop participatory planning & design tools Summarizing coherent working concept/model Foto: Ulf Ranhagen 19
The Senior City Planning Approach Pilote the planning concept! 4 Test the planning concept, planning projects on different levels Evaluate the results Revise the planning concept The Senior City Planning Approach Integrate & mainstream! 5 Change organisation & planning practice in accordance with revised concept Integrate planning concept with existing planning practice 20
Senior City Approach Toolbox, några exempel Strukturerad brainstorming (prioritering av nyckelfrågor) Gåturer (befintligt) Designdialoger (nytt) Designdialog Inte rocket science men nya kombinationer & angreppssätt. Foto: Ulf Ranhagen R&D network Forum Senior City 21
Urban planning s role and posibilities to create conditions for good elderly life Promote and create urban structures and environments that provide for individuals (incl elderly) well being and high quality of life, and sustainable development of society. Pay attention to and highlight the impact of development of cities and urban environments on elderlys quality of life. A forum and arena to develop knowledge and capacity and to promote cooperation across sectors, and cooepration between cities, cicil society and academy. Foto: Mats Johan Lundström stefan.lundberg@sth.kth.se mats.lundstrom@abe.kth.se 22