Framtidens standardiserade miljöanalyser av transporter Magnus Swahn
Vår bakgrund 1993 1997 1998 1998 2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 Nonprofit association is formed Initially only freight with the name NGM First data of energy and emission factors published Passenger transport included, name changed to NTM NTM web launched including database for energy and emission factors NTMCalc Freight published NTMCalc Travel published 2008-2011 International data launched ISO14048 Air data Fuel data Sea and travel data Industry data Close cooperation with IVL (onwards) Artemis Road Data Updated Air data Updated Sea and ferry data Updated Rail data New homepage General methodology paper/supply chain New basic calculation tool New professional calculation tool (2008-2011) Standardization process
Organisation Activity funding Methodology Members Board & Office Seminars Working groups Fuels -Regular -Alternative Goods and logistics Travel Transport procurement Applications and database users Calculation tools Cars on alternatives Industry data Moving forward
Metod och beräkningsparametrar Mäta och beräkna energianvändning och emissioner - NTM modellen och vägen mot standardisering
Hur ska prestanda uttryckas? Lokalt (PM, HC) Regionalt (NOx, SOx) Globalt (GHG) Energi (Fossil) Relativa tal Absoluta tal Andra negativa externa effekter Buller Markanvändning Trängsel Olyckor Infrastruktur etc Energiefterfrågan Transport 96% beroende av fossila bränslen
Internationella överenskommelser Kyotoprotokollet (2008-2012) - EU 2002, 182 länder 13/5 2008, Ej FN - GHG - 5,2 % från 1990 -EU-8% -Sverige + 4 % EU:s klimat och energipaket till 2020 - Minska växthusutsläppen med 20 % jämfört med 1990 - Höja andelen förnybara energikällor till 20 % av all energianvändning i EU - Höja energieffektiviteten med 20 % - Andel biobränsle i transporternas drivmedel ska vara 10 %
Globala och nationella klimatmål Globalt - 2050 Utsläppen ska vara högst 1 ton per invånare och år Nationellt - 2020 40 % minskning av klimatutsläpp jfrt med 1990 för icke handlande sektor 50 % förnybar energi 10 % förnybar energi i transportsektorn Avveckla fossila bränslen för uppvärmning Nationellt 2030 Hela fordonsflottan bör vara fossiloberonde
Internationella företags klimatambitioner GHG Reduction Targets: GHG Intensity Baxter Int l Canon Caterpillar Intel Corp Lockheed M Raytheon STMicro Toyota 20% indexed to revenue from 2005 2010 (GHG) 25% per production unite 2000 2010 (C02) 20% per million dollars revenue 2002 2010 (C02) 30% per production unit 2004 2010 (GHG) 30% per dollar revenue 2001 2010 (GHG) 33% per dollar revenue 2002 2009 (GHG) 50% per manufacturing unit 2000 2010 (GHG) 20% per volume sales unit 2001 2010 (C02) Source: Citigroup Carbon Limits are Coming GHG Reduction Targets: Absolute 3M 30% from 2002 levels by 2007 Allianz 20% from 2000 levels by 2012 BT 25% below 1996 levels by 2010 DuPont at least 15% from 2004 by 2015 Entergy 20% from 2000 to 2010 (US) Polaroid 25% from 1994 to 2010 (Global) Sun 20% from 2002 to 2012 (US) Wal-Mart 20% from 2006 to 2013 (Global) Weyerhaeuser 40% from 2000 levels by 2020 Source: Citigroup Carbon Limits are Coming
Konsumentkommunikation: CO2-märkning Sapporo Breweries Timberland Recycling Mehrweg Rohstoffgewinnung CO 2 CO 2 Herstellung Nutzung Entsorgung 9
Beräkningsprincip för miljökalkyl Methods -System boundaries -Allocation rules Data capturing Emission models -Fuels -Engines -Fumes after treatment Supply chains Transport activities Traffic activities Data Calculations Results -Absolute numbers -Relative numbers Defaultdata Verified sources
Vad som tas med - inkluderade och exkluderade emissioner och resurser Inkluderade reglerade emissioner Kväveoxider, NOx Kolväten, HC Partiklar, PM Koloxid, CO Svaveldioxid, SO2 (bränslekvalitet) Inkluderade oreglerade emissioner Fossil koldioxid, CO2 Total fossil koldioxid, CO2 Metan, CH4 Lustgas, N2O
Vad som tas med - inkluderade och exkluderade emissioner och resurser Inkluderad energianvändning Fossil primärenergi Förnyelsebar primärenergi Nukleär primärenergi Exkluderade resurser och emissioner Användning av utrymme (mark/vatten/atmosfär) Vattenanvändning Buller Ett flertal icke-reglerade emissionsfraktioner
Standardiseringsprocess 13 CEN (energi och GHG) (Deadline 3 december) PCR/EPD (ISO 14 025) (energi, GHG samt emissioner) (Presentation den 18 november) Båda omfattar Systemgränser Grundformler Allokeringsprinciper (positionering, gods/gods,gods/pax)
Energi och CO2-emissioner Primary energy specifications Fossil sources Biomass Other Enrichment Refinery Refinery Extract at well Transport -Losses Transport -Losses Depot - Alt fuels Depot -Diesel -Petrol -JetA -Bunker Transport -Losses Power generation -Hydro -Coal -Oil -Nuclear General grid -Biomass - Losses -other Distribtion center Transport - Losses Frequency exchange General grid - Losses Local grid - Losses Battery charge Tank Station Battery Fueltank Electric motor Plug-in Electric motor Combustion Engine Vehicle/vessel Energy supply processes Operation of vehicles/vessels Processes* Mandatory system boundary * To be used for calculating locally effecting emissions from the direct proximity of vehicle/vessel or when comparing the relative development of one specific transport operational system over time (i.e. one trucks improvement from year one to year two).
Systemgränser Vehicle/vessel/load unit Production plant Costruction and building -Production plants -Materials & components -Energy Traffic infrastructure Construction and building -Motorways -Railways -Seaways -Airways Fuels & power plant Construction and building -Extraction equipment -Distribution system -Refinementsystem -Enrichmen system -Power production plant Traffic & transport Build, develop and procure -Admin/support buildings -Administrative equipment -Administrative systems -Vehicles, vessels load units Vehicle/vessel/units production (in production plant) D Traffic infrastructure operation C Fuels & power system operation & distribution B Traffic & transport operation A Vehicles/vessels/load units Traffic infrastructure Energy Traffic - & transport work Vehicle/vessel/load unit Production plant Reuse, recycle and scrap -Production plants -Materials & components Traffic infrastructure Reuse, recycle and scrap -Motorways -Railways -Seaways -Airways Fuels & power plant Reuse, recycle and scrap -Extraction equipment -Distribution system -Refinementsystem -Enrichmen system -Power production plant Traffic & transport Reuse, recycle and scrap - Admin/support buildings -Administrative equipment -Administrative systems -Vehicles, vessels load units
Systemgränser D. Vehicle/vessel/units production C. Traffic infrastructure operation -Operation -Maintenance B. Fuels & power system operation & distribution - Well to vehicle/vessel A.Traffic & transport operation -Propulsion -Evaporation and battery losses -On board cargo climate/handling -Maintenance of vehicle/vessel
Transport D C Terminal B A: D C B A: Transport D C B A: Flow of shipment/passenger along the transport chain
Allokeringsdiskussion Load factor (%) 100 80 60 40 20-20 Positioning A 0 150 300 Positioning B Distance (km) Vehicle/vessel degree of utilisation Vehicle/vessel maximum degree of utilisation = = Ratio is the degree of utilisation
Allokeringsdiskussion för färja Shops, Nightclub, Disco, Sauna etc Restaurants Cabins Seats Passenger Cars Rail Road freight Acc Unacc Unit
127,12 g/kg gods
Variabler vi inkluderat i analysen Väg Järnväg Sjöfart Flyg Fyllnadsgrad Fyllnadsgrad Fyllnadsgrad Fyllnadsgrad Fordonsstorlek Fordonsstorlek Farkoststorlek Farkoststorlek Sträcka Sträcka Sträcka Sträcka Positioneringssträcka (Positioneringssträcka) Positioneringssträcka Positioneringssträcka Motortyp (Euroklass) Motortyp (el/diesel) Motortyp Motortyp Vägtyp Topografi Trafiksituation Trafiksituation Bränslemix Bränslemix Bränslemix Bränslemix Mer om känslighet
Liten omvärldsanalys för NTM Organisationer BSR, Clean Cargo Ecotransit EPA, SmartWay Connekt Ademe, IIEE Danish initiative Sustainable supply chain Climate Transact KNEG andra Standardisering PCR/EPD (ISO 14025) CEN ISO Carbon disclosure project Green House Gas Protocol others NGO SNF Greenpeace T&E andra Upphandling Systole ERRT Clean shipping andra Drivmedel Concawe RED andra
The NTM platform - Energy and emissions from transportation Transport Environmental Product Declaration NTMCalc Tools Rail Data Air Data Sea Data Road Data Node Data Transport chain Product Category Rules Rail PCR Air PCR Sea PCR Road PCR Node PCR Default data Examples Default data Default data Default data Default data Examples Examples Examples Examples CEN European Standard
NTMCalc our new platform NTMCalc Goods Basic/Professional NTMCalc Travel Basic/Professional NTMCalc Fuels Basic/Professional NTMCalc Procurement Check list/guidlines