ExIS presentation @Grimm seminarium 2013-05-30 Peter Ahlvik
Översikt ExIS och våra partners Överblick av instrumenttyper och ExIS utbud Arbetsmiljö (Sverige), lagkrav Några exempel 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 2
ExIS AB Exhaust Instruments Scandinavia ExIS AB is a Swedish-based company that offers equipment for particle measurements and measurement and consultant services on the Scandinavian market 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 3
ExIS AB who are we? Privately owned independent company located in Stockholm, Sweden Distributor of instrument/equipment from: Control Sistem, Dekati, Ecomesure, Grimm Aerosol, Matter Engineering, Pegasor and Topas Measurements and consultation services Markets: Sweden/Scandinavia/Nordic countries 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 4
Partners and network 1(2) Instrument and equipment suppliers Control Sistem CVS (full, mini, micro), driving robot Dekati Ltd., Finland Particle instruments & dilution Ecomesure, France Distributor, PMP instrument Grimm Aerosol, Germany Particle instruments Matter Aerosol, Switzerland Dilution and particle instruments Pegasor Particle sensor (automotive, stack, air qual.) Topas, Germany Aerosol generators, filter testing 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 5
Instrument overview
To provide some perspective on sizes adapted from Grimm presentation 1 Nanometer 1 Meter 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 7
Typical Concentration of Nanoparticles Location Concentration [Particles / cm 3 ] Indoor Air (without smokers): 5,000 15,000 Indoor Air (with smokers or vacuum cleaner): 15,000 80,000 Polluted workplace: 80,000 150,000 Exhaust of an Diesel Engine: ~ 10 10 Concentration Range of a Grimm CPC: 0 10 7 Particles / cm 3 Essentially no detection limit (for particles > 5 nm) But you may have to dilute 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 8
Some types of instruments Gravimetric impactors SMPS type of instruments (DMA+CPC/FCE) Electric mobility classification with electrometer detection (EEPS/DMS/FAPES) Optical particle counters Electric low pressure impactor (ELPI+) Charging and electrical detection with very high time resolution (e.g. Pegasor sensor) Effective surface area (charging) 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 9
Particle size (nm) Gravimetric impactors SMPS instruments Time and size resolution for various instrument types Optical particle counters ELPI+ Electrical low pressure impactor EEPS/DMS/FAPES instruments Pegasor M-sensor 1.E+05 1.E+04 1.E+03 1.E+02 With Nanocheck 1.E+01 1.E+00 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 Time resolution (Hz) 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 10
SMPS instruments TSI SMPS Grimm SMPS+C Grimm SMPS+E 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 11
Optical particle counters Grimm OPC e.g. #1.109 Topas e.g. LAP321 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 12
Impactors gravimetric and electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI) Gravimetric impactors Electrical low pressure impactor 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 13
Hospital validation A surgery room as a clean room facility DIN 1946 4: German Standard Ventilation and air conditioning - Part 4: Ventilation in buildings and rooms of health care, 12/2008 similar european and international standards and guidelines (SWKI 99-3, GOST R 52539-2006) validation of air ventilation systems in hospitals increased health risks at hospital operations from particulate contaminations validation of the efficiency of low-turbulence displacement flow unit installed above the operating table verification of the particle number which is able to enter the critical protective area 2010 Topas GmbH
Hospital validation A surgery room as a clean room facility HS-Luftfilterbau GmbH 2010 Topas GmbH
Hospital validation validation measurements according to DIN 1946-4 definition and determination of a protection factor simulation of external and internal particle penetration Reference surgery room: 10m², 0,3m/s laminar air flow 2010 Topas GmbH particle source particle measurement
Hospital validation validation measurements according to DIN 1946-4 general requirements high primary air flow rate homogeneous distribution to six aerosol ejector positions reliable particle production rate, monitored continuously by a particle counter required test equipment aerosol generator particle counter aerosol distribution system aerosol dilution system for monitoring particle production rate 2010 Topas GmbH
Hospital validation required test equipment Aerosol Generator ATM 226 Particle Counter LAP 340 atomizer aerosol generator adjustable particle production rate designed for mobile use clean room particle counter PC interface designed for mobile use designed for clean room applications 2010 Topas GmbH Air flow rate 0... 300 l/h DEHS mass flow 0 2.5 g/h Particle output > 10 8 P/cm³ Reservoir for test liquid 80 ml Maximum counter pressure 0.2 bar Flow rate 1 cfm / 28,3 lpm Measuring range 0,3 10 µm Size channels 16 Max. concentration 35 P/cm³ Measuring time 1 s 99 h Measuring modes single, continuous
Hospital validation required test equipment Aerosol Distribution and Dilution System ADD 536 homogeneous aerosol distribution continuous monitoring of the particle production rate designed for mobile use dilution ratio flow rate particle counter flow rate aerosol generator filtered air flow aerosol outlet tubing to the outlet adjustable to the particle counter Default setting: 1:100.000 up to 28,3 l/min up to 5 l/min > 1 0 0 l/min 6 Stück, Ø 65mm 6 x 4m power supply dimensions ( B x T x H ) weight 230 V AC, 100 W 250 x 340 x 330 mm 8,5 kg 2010 Topas GmbH
Hospital validation test procedure placing and connecting the instruments placing the aerosol outlets starting up the instruments setting up the reference particle production rate at the aerosol generator particle measurement at 3 positions within the protective area determination of the protection factor (1) aerosol generator (2) aerosol distribution and dilution system (3) aerosol outlet (4) particle measurement 2010 Topas GmbH
Impactor Aerodynamic diameter Gas velocity and dimensions different in different stages Flow Nozzle Diameter D j Jet velocity U Jet to plate distance Collection plate Dekati Ltd.
Cascade Impactor - example Flow Nozzle Diameter D j Jet velocity U Stage 3: >10 µm Jet to plate distance Collection plate Stage 2: >2.5 µm Collection substrates Stage 1: >1.0 µm Dekati Ltd.
ELPI+ TM Operating Principle HV Dekati Ltd.
ELPI TM applications Automotive testing and research Combustion research Blow-by gas Brake wear debris Pharmaceutical studies Outdoor air quality measurements Indoor air Welding fumes Grimm Seminar
Indoor air measurements with ELPI TM Grimm Seminar
Welding fume measurements with ELPI TM (I) Grimm Seminar
Cn, #/cm 3 NMD, um NMD, um Cm, mg/m3 Welding fumes Variable concentration/size (1E4 1E6#/cm 3 ) MMD 300-600nm Short time-scale measurement 1.5 2.4 1.0 2.0 1.0E+06 8.0E+05 6.0E+05 4.0E+05 2.0E+05 0.0E+00-2.0E+05-4.0E+05-6.0E+05-8.0E+05-1.0E+06 FUME BACKGROUND 11:00 11:15 11:30 11:45 12:00 12:15 12:30 0.40 0.36 0.32 0.28 0.24 0.20 0.16 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.00 0.5 0.0 11:00 11:15 11:30 11:45 12:00 12:15 12:30-0.5-1.0-1.5 Number NMD 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.0 Mass MMD Grimm Seminar
dm/dlogdp [mg/m³] dm/dlogdp [mg/m³] dn/dlogdp [#/cm³] dn/dlogdp [#/cm³] Welding Fume Background 10lpm ELPI TM with filter stage Al foils with grease 5.0E+05 4.0E+05 3.0E+05 Time 11:53-11:56 1.0E+05 8.0E+04 6.0E+04 Time 11:53-11:56 Pump + hose set 2.0E+05 4.0E+04 Diluter if needed 1.0E+05 0.0E+00 0.01 0.1 1 10 2.0E+04 0.0E+00 0.01 0.1 1 10 Dp/um Dp/um Time 11:53-11:56 Time 11:53-11:56 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.01 0.1 1 10 Dp/um 0.0 0.01 0.1 1 10 Dp/um Grimm Seminar
Fast electric mobility instruments TSI EEPS/FMPS Grimm FAPES Cambustion DMS-500 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 37
High Concentration Particle Counter Series FAPES = 12 x (FCE + DMA) + Software = ultrafast absolute reference transient measurements with 25 channels updated every 200 milliseconds virtually no internal contamination insensitive to pressure changes (e.g. as observed during acceleration drive cycles) unmatched in sensitivity and flexibility by any other commercial instrument Fast Acceleration: Diesel engine 0-120 km/h in 20 s. 1.9 l, (EURO3) Fast Acceleration: Gasoline fueled 0-120 km/h in 30 s. engine, 3.5 l EXIS 2. 9. 2009 - Jürgen Spielvogel - 38
PPS-M Operation Parameters Ionizing and sheath air 11,7 LPM @1.5 bar overpressure Inlet flow 6 LPM Outlet flow 17,7 LPM 6/10/2013 39 Pegasor Technical Marketing Presentation
PPS-M Operation Principle ejector throat sample in out + clean air pump flow trap corona discharge + ion soot 6/10/2013 40 Pegasor Technical Marketing Presentation
PPS-M, M/10 MSS [mg/m³] PPS-M, M/10 MSS [mg/m³] Time Response of PPS vs. MSS on Engine Torque 400 300 PPS-M [mv] M/10 [Nm] MSS [mg/m³] 40 30 200 20 100 10 0 1040 1060 1080 1100 1120 1140 1160 1180 1200 1220 1240 time [s] 0 400 300 PPS-M [mv] M/10 [Nm] MSS [mg/m³] 40 30 200 20 100 10 0 1080 1100 1120 1140 time [s] 0 Use of slow averaging instruments make conclusions difficult and often wrong 6/10/2013 41 Pegasor Technical Marketing Presentation
DiSC Average Particle Size Particle Count Active Surface/LDSA
DiSC Battery life 8 hrs Measures 10 to 300 nm Suited for field studies No technical experience necessary
Arbetsmiljö
Procent av totalamängden partiklar [%] Procent av totalmängden partiklar enligt SS-EN 481 standarden alveolisk torakal inhalerbar Aerodynamisk partikeldiameter [mm] 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 46
Förklaringar Inhalerbar fraktion: Den mängd partiklar, av totalmängden partiklar i luften, som inandas genom näsa och mun. Torakal fraktion: Den del av de inhalerbara partiklarna som passerar struphuvudet. Respirabel fraktion: Den del av de inhalerbara partiklarna som når längst ner i luftvägarna till alveolerna i lungorna. 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 47
Definitioner, AFS 2011:18 (2012-07-01) Benämnning Luftförorening Hygieniskt gränsvärde Förklaring Ämne eller blandning av ämnen i luft som över en viss halt kan medföra ohälsa Högsta godtagbara genomsnittshalt av en luftförorening i inandningsluften beräknat som ett tidsvägt medelvärde. Ett hygieniskt gränsvärde är antingen ett nivågränsvärde eller ett takgränsvärde. Nivågränsvärde Hygieniskt gränsvärde för exponering under en arbetsdag, normalt 8 timmar. Takgränsvärde Hygieniskt gränsvärde för exponering under en referensperiod av 15 minuter. För ammoniak, monoisocyanater och diisocyanater gäller referensperioden 5 minuter. Korttidsvärde Ett rekommenderat högsta värde för exponering beräknat som ett tidsvägt medelvärde under en referensperiod av 15 minuter. Korttidsvärden är rekommenderade värden som tjänar som riktlinjer i skyddsarbetet och används vid bedömning av exponeringsförhållanden. 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 48
Gränsvärdeslistan, AFS 2011:18 Typ av Luftförorening Enhet Gaser, ångor mg/m 3 ; ppm (ml/m 3, cm 3 /m 3 ) Damm, rök, dimma, aerosol mg/m 3 Enzymer glycinenheter/m 3 Fibrer fibrer/cm 3 Radon Bq/m 3 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 49
Gränsvärden, några exempel AFS 2011:18 Ämne Damm, organiskt - inhalerbart damm - respirabelt damm År 2005 1974 Nivågränsvärde (mg/m 3 ) Damm och dimma, organiskt -totaldamm 1974 5 Damm, bomull (råbomull) - totaldamm 1974 0,5 Damm, grafit -totaldamm 2000 5 Damm, härdplast - totaldamm 1978 3 Damm, kol inkl. kimrök - totaldamm 1978 3 Damm, mjöl - inhalerbart damm 2000 3 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 50 10 5
Rökpartiklar, exv. svetsning Rökpartiklar, från till exempel svetsning, är i regel av storleksordningen < 1 μm, vilket innebär att dessa till största delen består av respirabla partiklar. Det innebär att alla rökpartiklar kan betraktas som respirabla. Därför behöver man inte använda provtagare med föravskiljare vid provtagning då enbart rök föreligger. 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 51
Metallrök vid exv. svetsning Metallrök bildas i regel genom kondensation och eventuell oxidation av metallånga. Vanligtvis utför svetsaren även slipning eller slaggning varför även det luftburna dammet i en svetsares andningszon kan bestå av en hög andel ickerespirabelt damm. 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 52
This concludes my presentation Thank you for your attention More information available at: www.exisab.com 2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 53