GMO: kommissionen godkänner import av genetiskt modifierad majs för användning i djurfoder

Transkript

1 IP/04/957 Bryssel den 19 juli 2004 GMO: kommissionen godkänner import av genetiskt modifierad majs för användning i djurfoder I dag godkände Europeiska kommissionen utsläppandet på marknaden av genetiskt modifierad majs av typ NK603 för import och bearbetning. Detta beslut gäller i tio år och grundas på en ansökan som företaget lämnat in. Alla majsimporter, vare sig det är i bulk, säckar eller andra behållare, måste märkas med uppgiften att de innehåller genetiskt modifierad majs. NK603-majsen används redan i stor omfattning i andra delar av världen, och det finns inga rapporter om några skadliga hälso- eller miljöeffekter. Dagens beslut om godkännande, som är vetenskapligt funderat, täcker endast import av den genetiskt modifierade majsen och bearbetning av denna för användning i djurfoder eller för industriella ändamål. Ett separat beslut om godkännande av NK603-majsen för livsmedelsändamål kommer att fattas under de kommande månaderna. Margot Wallström, kommissionsledamot med ansvar för miljön, kommenterade: NK603-majsen har genomgått en sträng riskbedömning innan den godkändes för utsläppande på marknaden. Europeiska myndigheten för livsmedelssäkerhet har genom vetenskapliga undersökningar bedömt att den är lika säker som vanlig, konventionell majs. Dess säkerhet ifrågasätts därför inte, och inte heller användarnas eller konsumenternas valmöjligheter. Entydig märkning skall ge jordbrukare och konsumeter den information de behöver för att bestämma om de vill köpa produkten. Stränga regler för hanteringen efter utsläppandet på marknaden kommer sedan att göra att produkten kan spåras och övervakas. NK603-majsen är den första produkten som bedöms och godkänns efter det att direktiv 2001/18/EG 1 trädde i kraft. Den omfattas av de nya, stränga märknings- och spårbarhetsbestämmelserna som trädde i kraft i april 2. När majsen släpps ut på marknaden måste den tydligt märkas med uppgiften att den innehåller genetiskt modifierad majs. Övervakningen efter utsläppandet på marknaden garanteras genom att majsen får en unik kod som gör att den alltid kan spåras. Dagens godkännande gäller import och användning som djurfoder, men inte odling eller användning som livsmedel. Under de senaste fyra åren har EU utarbetat ett klart, öppet och sammanhängande system för regleringen av genetiskt modifierade livsmedel, foder och grödor. 1 Europaparlamentets och rådets direktiv 2001/18/EG av den 12 mars 2001 om avsiktlig utsättning av genetiskt modifierade organismer i miljön och om upphävande av rådets direktiv 90/220/EEG. 2 Europaparlamentets och rådets förordning (EG) nr 1829/2003 av den 22 september 2003 om genetiskt modifierade livsmedel och foder. Europaparlamentets och rådets förordning (EG) nr 1830/2003 av den 22 september 2003 om spårbarhet och märkning av genetiskt modifierade organismer och spårbarhet av livsmedel och foderprodukter som är framställda av genetiskt modifierade organismer och om ändring av direktiv 2001/18/EG.

2 Det nya systemets godkännandeförfarande innebär att endast sådana genetiskt modifierade organismer (GMO) som är ofarliga som föda för människor och djur får släppas ut på den europeiska marknaden. Enskilda tillstånd beviljas från fall till fall efter en bedömning av den berörda genetiskt modifierade organismen. Ansökningar som inte uppfyller alla kriterier avvisas, något som redan har inträffat och som kommer att fortsätta även framöver. Dagens beslut innebär att NK603-majs får användas som djurfoder. Importen för sådan användning kan emellertid först börja när motsvarande godkännande också givits för användning som livsmedel. För närvarande undersöker rådet (jordbruk) om det är lämpligt att utfärda ett motsvarande godkännande enligt förordningen om nya livsmedel, och förväntas fatta sitt beslut under de kommande månaderna. I bilagan finns en förteckning över GMO som är godkända eller för vilka ansökan om godkännande håller på att granskas. Ytterligare upplysningar finns på följande webbadress: MEMO/04/102 (Frågor och svar om EU:s bestämmelser om GMO). 2

3 Note to the editors: In January 2001, submitted a request, under Directive 2001/18/EC, to the competent authorities of Spain for placing genetically modified maize line NK603 on the market for import and processing for use in feed and for industrial purposes. The NK603 maize is tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate. The product involves a simple modification and does not contain an antibiotic resistance marker gene. The Spanish competent authority came to the conclusion that NK603 maize is as safe as conventional maize. The European Food Safety Authority also appraised the application and focused on the limited number of scientific issues raised by competent authorities from the other Member States. Its opinion similarly concluded that NK603 maize was as safe as conventional maize. The Regulatory Committee established under Directive 2001/18/EC did not give an opinion. The Commission therefore submitted a proposal to the Council on 29 March The Council was required to act within 3 months. The proposal was considered by the Environment Council on 28 June At that meeting, which included Ministers from the new Member States, neither a qualified majority vote in favour or against approval was obtained. This deemed that the Council did not act within the requisite time limit and consequently, the Commission under the legal procedure is obliged to adopt the Decision. The methodology used for the safety assessment of the NK603 maize was entirely that of the new regulatory framework, notably Directive 2001/18/EC. The Directive also provides for mandatory measures to be applied to the product following approval. This includes post-market monitoring of the continued safety of the product once it has been placed on the market via use of surveillance systems. This monitoring is required throughout the period of validity of the consent. The consent holder is required to submit reports of this monitoring programme to all Member States and the Commission on an annual basis. The product will also have to be identifiable every time that it is placed on the market allowing individuals to choose whether or not to purchase and use the product. This will be ensured via the labelling and traceability provisions of the Directive and those of Regulation 1830/2003. Under this Regulation, business operators must transmit and retain information about products that contain or are produced from GMOs at each stage of the placing on the market. Traceability provides the means to trace products containing or produced from GMOs through the production and distribution chains. The Regulation also provides for comprehensive information by its requirement for labelling of GMOs at all stages of the placing on the market. The label has to indicate "This product contains genetically modified organisms" or "This product contains genetically modified maize". A validated detection method and appropriate reference material is available and will allow for the physical detection of the NK603 maize in products enabling labelling claims to be verified. Guidance as to sampling and testing to verify the presence of GMOs in products has also been agreed to by Member States and this will enable their inspection and control authorities to operate in a harmonised manner throughout the EU. 3

4 GMO products Approved under directive 90/220/EEC as of March 2001 ANNEX 1 Product Notifier Date of Commission Decision 3 / Member State Consent 4 1. Vaccine against Aujeszky's disease Vemie Veterinär Chemie GmbH Vaccine against rabies Rhône-Mêrieux C/B/92/B28 & C/F/93/ Tobacco tolerant to bromoxynil SEITA C/F/93/ Vaccine against Aujeszky's disease (further uses) 5 5. Male sterile swede rape resistant to glufosinate ammonium (MS1, RF1) Uses : breeding activities 6. Soybeans tolerant to glyphosate Uses : import and processing 7. Male sterile chicory tolerant to glufosinate ammonium Uses : breeding activities 8. Bt-maize tolerant to glufosinate ammonium (Bt-176) 9. Male sterile swede rape tolerant to glufosinate ammonium (MS1, RF1) 6 Uses : import and Processing Vemie Veterinär Chemie GmbH C/D/92/I-1 Plant Genetic Systems C/UK/94/M1/1 C/UK/94/M3/1 Bejo-Zaden BV C/NL/94/25 Ciba-Geigy C/F/94/11-03 Plant Genetic Systems C/F/95/05/01/A (not finally approved by F) 3 where objections were raised by Member State authorities 4 in the absence of objections by Member State authorities 5 linked to item 1 (same product, further uses) 6 linked to item 5 (same product, further uses) 4

5 Product 10. Male sterile swede rape tolerant to glufosinate ammonium (MS1, RF2) Test kit to detect antibiotic residues in milk 12. Carnation lines with modified flower colour 13. Swede rape tolerant to glufosinate ammonium (Topas 19/2) Uses : import and processing 14. Maize tolerant to glufosinate ammonium (T25) 15. Maize expressing the Bt cryia(b) gene (MON 810) 16. Maize tolerant to glufosinate ammonium and expressing the Bt cryia(b) gene (Bt-11) Uses : import and processing 17. Carnation lines with improved vase life 18. Carnation lines with modified flower colour Notifier Plant Genetic Systems C/F/95/05/01/B Valio Oy C/F1/96-1NA Florigene C/NL/96/14 AgrEvo C/UK/95/M5/1 AgrEvo C/F/95/12/07 C/F/95/12-02 Novartis (formerly Northrup King) C/UK/96/M4/1 Florigene C/NL/97/12 Florigene C/NL/97/13 Date of Commission Decision 7 / Member State Consent (not finally approved by F) (MS consent) (MS consent) (MS consent) 7 where objections were raised by Member State authorities 8 in the absence of objections by Member State authorities 9 this product is the result of a different transformation event to that of No. 9 5

6 GMO products Notifications received by the Commission under directive 2001/18/EC ANNEX 2 Product notification details Company Stage 1. Maize hybrid MON810 x NK603 (glyphosate-tolerant and containing Bt toxin) Received by UK under Dir 90/220/EC. (C/GB/02/M3/03) Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18 : 15/01/03 Uses: import and use in feed and industrial processing, not for cultivation. 2. Oil seed rape herbicide resistant GT 73 Received by the Netherlands (C/NL/98/11) under Dir 90/220/EC. Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18 : 16/1/03 Uses: import and uses in feed and industrial processing, not for cultivation. Consideration of assessment report and notification by Member States (60 day period) EFSA Opinion published. Draft Decision pending submission to Regulatory Committee. 3. Maize Roundup Ready NK603, tolerant to glyphosate herbicide Received by Spain (C/ES/00/01) under Dir 90/220 : 21/12/2000 Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18 : 17/01/03 Uses: import and use in feed and industrial processing, not for cultivation. 4. Potato with altered starch composition from Sweden (C/SE/96/3501) Received by the Commission under Dir 90/220: Favourable opinion of EU Scientific Committee Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18/EC: 24/01/03 Uses: for cultivation and production of starch, not for use as human food. 5. Oilseed rape (Ms8, Rf3) from Belgium (C/BE/96/01) Received by the Commission: under Dir 90/ Favourable opinion of EU Scientific Committee Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18: 5/02/03 Uses: import and cultivation in the EU, uses in feed and industrial processing. 6. Soybeans Glufosinate tolerant (Events A & A ) from Belgium (C/BE/98/01) Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18: 5/02/03 Uses: import only, not for cultivation 7. Roundup Ready sugar beet (event T ), glyphosate tolerant from Belgium C/BE/99/01 Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18: 5/02/03 Uses: for cultivation and use in animal feed, processing of sugar and other products. AMYLOGENE HB / Syngenta Draft Proposal with Council Consideration of assessment report and notification by Member States (60 day period) Consideration of assessment report and notification by Member States (60 day period) Withdrawn 6

7 8. Oilseed rape tolerant for glufosinate-ammonium herbicides. (FALCON GS40/90pHoe6/Ac) from Germany (C/DE/96/5) Received by the Commission under Dir 90/220: Opinion of EU Scientific Committee Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18: 7/02/03 Uses: for import and cultivation 9. Oilseed rape tolerant for glufosinate (Liberator phoe6/ac) from Germany (C/DE/98/6) Received by the Commission under Dir 90/220: Favourable opinion of EU Scientific Committee Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18: 7/02/03 Uses: for import and cultivation 10. Roundup Ready Sugar Beet event H7-1 (tolerant to glyphosate) from Germany C/DE/00/8 Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18: 7/02/03 Uses: for cultivation and use in processing of sugar and other processed products. KWS SAAT AG/ 11. Maize MON 863 X MON 810 (protection against certain insect pests) from Germany C/DE/02/9 ( ) Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18: 7/02/03 Uses:, for import and use of grain and grain products, not for cultivation. EFSA Opinion published. Draft Decision pending submission to Regulatory Committee. 12. Oilseed rape (event T45) tolerant for glufosinate-ammonium herbicide from UK C/GB/04/M5/4 (Replacing C/GB/99/M5/2 received by the Commission on 10/2/03 and withdrawn on 26/3/04). Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18: 30/03/04 Uses: import and use in feed and industrial processing, not for cultivation. 13. Maize herbicide and insect resistant (line CRY1F) Received by the Netherlands (C/NL/00/10) under Dir 90/220/EC. Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18 : 12/02/03 Uses: import and processing, not for cultivation Pioneer/ Mycogen Seeds Submitted to EFSA for Opinion 14. Insect-protected Cotton expressing the Bt cryia(c) gene (line 531) from Spain (C/ES/96/02) Received by the Commission under Dir 90/220: Favourable opinion of EU Scientific Committee Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18: 12/2/03 Uses: for import, processing and cultivation 15. Roundup Ready Cotton tolerant to herbicide (line 1445) from Spain (C/ES/97/01) Received by the Commission under Dir 90/220: Favourable opinion of EU Scientific Committee Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18: 12/2/03 Uses: for import, processing and cultivation 7

8 16. Maize 1507 (or Bt Cry1F 1507) Received by Spain (C/ES/01/01) 11/7/2001 under Dir 90/220/EC. Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18: 13/2/03 Uses: Cultivation 17. Roundup Ready Fodder beet (line A5/15) from Denmark (C/DK/97/01) Received by the Commission under Dir 90/220: Favourable opinion of EU Scientific Committee Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18/EC: 26/02/03 Uses: for cultivation and animal feed. Pioneer/ Mycogen Seeds DLF-Trifolium, and Danisco Seed Consideration of assessment report and notification by Member States (45 day period) 18. Maize tolerant to glufosinate ammonium and expressing the Bt cryia(b) gene (Bt-11) from France (C/F/96/05-10) Syngenta SAS Seeds Submitted to EFSA for Opinion Received by the Commission under Dir 90/220: and respectively Favourable opinion of EU Scientific Committee Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18/EC: Uses : for cultivation, feed and industrial processing 19. Bromoxynil-tolerant cotton lines and from Spain (C/ES/99/01) Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18/EC: Uses : for importation and processing to non-viable products Stoneville Pedigreed Company Seed 20. NK603 Roundup Ready maize from Spain (C/ES/03/01) Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18/EC : 22/07/2003 Application with lead competent authority (90 day period) Uses: Cultivation 21. Rice tolerant to glufosinate-ammonium, event LLRICE62 from UK (C/GB/03/M5/3) Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18/EC : 3/9/2003 Uses: import and use in feed and industrial processing, not for cultivation. 22. NK603 X MON 810 maize from Spain (C/ES/04/01) Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18/EC : 12/1/2004 Uses: import and use in feed and industrial processing, and for cultivation. 23. Cotton, insect resistant ( / ) from the Netherlands (C/NL/04/01) Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18/EC : 18/2/2004 Uses: import and use in feed and industrial processing, not for cultivation nor feed use 24. Cotton (LLCotton25) glufosinate tolerant from Spain (C/ES/04/02) Received by the Commission under Dir 2001/18/EC : 26/3/2004 Uses: import and use in feed and industrial processing, not for cultivation Ltd. Agrigenetics Inc. d/b/a Mycogen Seeds, c/o Dow AgroSciences Consideration of assessment report and notification by Member States (60 day period) Application with lead competent authority (90 day period) 8

9 ANNEX 3 Genetically Modified (GM) foods authorised in the European Union EVENT CROP APPLICANT TRAIT POTENTIAL FOOD USES DATE LEGAL BASIS 1 GTS 40/3/2 Soybean Insect protection and herbicide tolerance Soy foods. Soy foods include soy beverages, tofu, soy oil, soy flour, lecithin Dir. 90/220/EEC Art Bt 176 Maize Ciba-Geigy Insect protection and herbicide tolerance Maize foods. Maize foods include kernels, oil, maize flour, sugar, syrup Dir. 90/220/EEC Art TOPAS 19/2 Oilseed rape AgrEvo Herbicide tolerance Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 5 4 MS1 / RF2 Oilseed rape Plant Genetic Herbicide tolerance Rapeseed oil. Products made with rapeseed oil Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 5 Systems may 5 MS1 / RF1 Oilseed rape Plant Genetic Systems Herbicide tolerance include fried foods, baked products and snack foods Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 5 6 GT 73 Oilseed rape Herbicide tolerance Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 5 7 MON 810 Maize Insect protection Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 5 8 T 25 Maize AgrEvo Herbicide tolerance Maize derivatives. These may include maize oil, Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 5 maize flour, sugar and syrup. Products made with maize 9 Bt 11 Maize Novartis Insect protection derivatives may include snack foods, baked foods, fried foods, confectionary and soft drinks Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art MON 809 Maize Pioneer Insect protection Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art Falcon GS Oilseed rape Hoechst / AgrEvo Herbicide tolerance Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 5 40/90 12 Liberator Oilseed rape Hoechst / AgrEvo Herbicide tolerance Rapeseed oil. Products made with rapeseed oil Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 5 L62 may include fried foods, baked foods and snack foods. 13 MS8/RF3 Oilseed rape Plant Genetic Herbicide tolerance Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 5 Systems Cotton Herbicide tolerance Cottonseed oil. Products made with cottonseed oil Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 5 may Cotton Insect protection include fried foods, baked foods and snack foods Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art prf69/prf9 3 Bacillus subtilis F. Hoffmann - La Roche Riboflavin Vitamin B Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 5 9

10 ANNEX 4 Genetically Modified (GM) foods pending authorisation in the European Union EVENT CROP APPLICANT TRAIT FOOD USES INITIAL ASSESSMENT SCIENTIFIC OPINION LEGAL BASIS / Stage of procedure 1 Bt 11 Maize Syngenta Insect resistance Processed sweet maize. NL 27/04/2000 SCF Reg. (EC) No. 258/97 Art. 7 2 GA 21 Maize Herbicide tolerance 3 NK 603 Maize Herbicide tolerance 4 MON 863 Maize Insect protection 5 MON 863 x MON 810 Maize Insect protection Maize Pioneer Insect protection Back to Commission on 4 May 2004, since no qualified majority was reached in Council derivatives NL 21/12/1999 SCF Reg. (EC) No. 258/97 Art. 7 Awaiting validation of detection method derivatives NL 13/08/2002 EFSA Reg. (EC) No. 258/97 Art. 7 Opinion by Member States on Commission proposal scheduled for the meeting of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health on 30 April 2004 derivatives DE 08/04/2003 EFSA Opinion adopted Reg. (EC) No. 258/97 Art. 7 on 2April 2004 Awaiting validation of detection method derivatives DE 08/04/2003 EFSA - pending Reg. (EC) No. 1829/2003 Art derivatives NL 04/11/2003 EFSA - pending Reg. (EC) 258/97 Art. 7 7 MaisGard/R oundupread y 8 RoundupRe ady Sugar Beet 9 Liberty Link Soybean Maize Insect protection and herbicide tolerance Sugar Beet Herbicide tolerance Soybean AgrEvo Herbicide tolerance derivatives NL pending Reg. (EC) No. 1829/2003 Art Sugar Beet derivatives Soybean derivatives NL pending Application withdrawn on 16 April 2004 B pending Reg. (EC) No. 1829/2003 Art. 46.1