STRAIGHT FLIGHT STAIRCASES

STRAIGT FIGT STAIRCASES Page Angle of inclination / rise 74 Custom design 74 Staircases with one flight /with several flights 75 Stringers / dimensioning 76-77 Treads / landings 78-79 Footbridges 80 Railings 80-81 Fixing elements / surface treatment 82 Cat ladders / folding gangway steps 83 Special staircases / helical staircases 83 ow to order 85 71

Weland standard straight flight staircases are manufactured of steel and are mainly used in industrial buildings and as escape staircases in different types of buildings. The staircases consist of stringers, treads and landings of grating as well as balustrades. The steel components are, as a rule, hot dip galvanized and supplied in separate parts for assembly on site. Our manufacture also comprises straight flight staircases for other applications such as installations in office buildings, flats, entrances, public rooms, schools etc. In these cases the treads normally consist of other material than grating. Also the design of the balustrade and the surface treatment can differ. 72

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CUSTOM DESIGN The simplest method for design is to leave the planning to us. Our technical department can look back at many years of experience with the planning and dimensioning of straight flight staircases. Just send us your drawing, we do the rest. We dimension and draw the staircase, and all you need to do is check the measurements and approve the drawing before manufacture starts. ANGE OF INCINATION / RISE For comfortable passage of staircases there should be a certain ratio between the angle of inclination, the rise and the going. The suitable angle of inclination lies between 30 and 45, in practice, however, it is often necessary to compromise due to the limited space for the base line. The table below shows the suitable rise and going when the angle of inclination is known. Angle of Suitable Suitable Ratio* Base line/ inclination rise going height of stair 60 240 160 0,58 57 230-240 160 0,65 55 230 200 0,70 52 220-230 200 0,78 50 220 200 0,84 47 210-220 230 0,93 45 210 230 1,00 42 200-210 260 1,11 40 200 260 1,19 37 190 260 1,33 35 180-190 300 1,43 32 175 300 1,60 30 170 300 1,73 * If the angle is not known, but the base line is given, divide the base line figure by the figure for the height of the stair, then look up the closest figure in the column to the right Example: Base line () = 3,5 m eight of stair () = 2,5 m = 3,5 = 1,4 the angle of inclination is 35 2,5 74

EXAMPES OF STAIRCASES WIT ONE FIGT 1. 2. 3. Top tread one step height below existing landing. Top tread on level with existing landing. Staircase including landing. EXAMPES OF STAIRCASES WIT SEVERA FIGTS 4. 5. 6. Top tread one step height below existing landing. Top tread on level with existing landing. Staircase including landing. 7. 8. 9. Staircase incl. landing below, existing landing on top. Staircase incl. landing below, top tread on level with existing landing. Staircase including landings. 10. 11. 12. Staircase incl. landing below, existing landing on top. Staircase incl. landing below, top tread on level with existing landing. Staircase including landings. 75

STRINGERS t DIMENSIONING For the dimensioning of stringers for a straight flight staircase Building Standards BBR94 and BKR94 apply. Base line, width, load etc. have to be considered. In order to facilitate the dimensioning we have worked out a diagram showing a graph intended to give a lead for choosing the suitable type of stringer. The graph is calculated for a staircase with an effective inclination of 35 degrees. A B C WUC PROFIES Weland standard straight flight staircases are manufactured with stringers of WUC profile. This profile has been developed with the objective of achieving high stability combined with low weight. WUC profiles are manufactured from 3, 4 or 5 mm steel sheet with height (A) 120 and 170 mm respectively. COMPUTER CONTROED MANUFACTURE Weland straight flight staircases with WUC profiles are manufactured in a computer controlled production line - from coil to finished stringer - fully automatically. This method gives the following advantages: ow weight and esthetic design Close tolerances arge delivery capacity Short deliveries Table: oad Graph Base ine (m) 12,0 11,0 10,0 9,0 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 0,0 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,8 1,9 2 Values for WUC profile Calculation of Stringer Tread Width (m) In case of other load values please contact Weland. UPE220 UPE200 UPE180 UPE160 WUC170/5 WUC170/4 WUC170/3 WUC120/3 Type of A B C t Bending resis- Weight stringer mm mm mm mm tance W in cm 3 kg/m WUC 120/3 120 45 22 3 25,0 5,6 WUC 170/3 170 55 25 3 46,1 7,3 WUC 170/4 170 55 25 4 59,6 9,6 WUC 170/5 170 55 25 5 72,7 12,0 FAT BAR / U PROFIE If for any reason the WUC profile cannot be used, we manufacture stringers also from flat bars or U-shaped profile. 76

WUC-profile U-profile Flat bar 77

STANDARD STAIRTREADS Type T6 is manufactured from press-welded grating with mesh size 30 x 67 mm. Type T6-S is manufactured from the same grating, but is provided with a safety front edge marking the front of the tread and giving increased non-slip properties. Standard stairtreads are hot dip galvanized and kept in stock. Stairtreads up to 900 mm length have end plates 60 mm high, from length 1000 mm end plates 70 mm high. Thisapplies to all types of tread.special type treads can be T6 manufactured from grating chosen from Weland grating programme (see separate brochure). T6-S MEASUREMENTS OF TREADS AND ANDINGS Tread width(b) End plate tread 45 mm up to = 900 mm 55 mm from = 1000 mm ole- Ø 14 mm for M12 screw 15 mm End plate landing measurement as end plate tread Tread length () Compare stair width ordering examples page 85 front edge B= 130 40 15 25 50 B= 160 36 39 35 50 B= 200 50 35 65 50 B= 230 60 50 70 50 B= 260 80 58 72 50 B= 300 100 35 115 50 B= 500 100 35 315 50 B= 700 100 35 515 50 front edge B= 1000 100 35 390 35 390 50 STANDARD ANDINGS Weland Standard landings are designed in the same way as the treads. Standard depth is 500, 700 and 1000 mm respectively. andings other than standard design on requirement. ength Stairtreads andings Type Width, mm mm 130 160 200 230 260 300 500 700 1000 400 T6 1,9 2,2 400 T6-S 1,9 2,2 500 T6 2,2 2,6 3,1 5,9 8,0 11,2 500 T6-S 2,2 2,6 3,1 5,9 8,0 11,2 600 T6 2,6 3,1 3,6 4,1 4,6 6,9 9,4 13,1 600 T6-S 2,6 3,1 3,6 4,1 4,6 6,9 9,4 13,1 700 T6 3,4 4,0 4,7 5,3 5,9 9,2 12,4 17,7 700 T6-S 3,4 4,0 4,7 5,3 5,9 9,2 12,4 17,7 800 T6 3,8 4,5 5,2 5,9 6,6 7,3 10,4 14,3 20,0 800 T6-S 3,8 4,5 5,2 5,9 6,6 10,4 14,3 20,0 900 T6 4,2 5,0 5,8 6,6 7,3 8,0 11,7 15,9 22,3 900 T6-S 4,2 5,0 5,8 6,6 7,3 11,7 15,9 22,3 1000 T6 5,5 6,5 7,6 8,5 9,5 10,6 15,0 20,5 28,7 1000 T6-S 5,5 6,5 7,6 8,5 9,5 10,6 15,0 20,5 28,7 1100 T6 8,2 9,3 10,4 11,5 16,5 22,5 31,4 1100 T6-S 8,2 9,3 10,4 11,5 16,5 22,5 31,4 1200 T6 8,9 10,0 11,2 12,4 17,9 24,4 34,1 1200 T6-S 8,9 10,0 11,2 12,4 17,9 24,4 34,1 1300 T6 12,0 13,4 14,9 21,7 29,6 41,5 1300 T6-S 12,0 13,4 14,9 21,7 29,6 41,5 1400 T6 12,9 14,3 16,0 23,3 31,8 44,6 1400 T6-S 12,9 14,3 16,0 23,3 31,8 44,6 1500 T6 15,0 16,9 18,8 27,7 37,9 53,2 1500 T6-S 15,0 16,9 18,8 27,7 37,9 53,2 1600 T6 18,0 20,0 29,7 40,7 57,2 1600 T6-S 18,0 20,0 29,7 40,7 57,2 1800 T6 22,3 61,0 1800 T6-S 22,3 61,0 The figures in the table indicatedthe approximate weight in kg. = stock dimensions 78

SPECIA DESIGN TREADS Apart from treads produced from grating we can also manufacture treads made of slit grating, checker plate, plate with carpet, wood of different types, marble, concrete, terrazzo etc. Get in touch with us already in the planning stage, we assist you with the solution. Treads can also be designed as riser treads for reducing the distance between the steps. Building Standards BBR99 chapter 8:232. Slit grating Staircase with treads of concrete covered with ceramic tiles Checker plate Plate with carpet Wood Staircase in public baths. Treads of plate with non-slip carpet Concrete with top face of terrazzo Riser tread Staircase in residential house. Treads of concrete with top face of terrazzo 79

STANDARD BAUSTRADE Straight flight staircases can be provided with balustrades on one side, on both sides or balustrade on one side and hand-rail fixed to the wall on the other. The height of balustrade is as standard 900 mm in the stair flights and 1100 mm on the landings. In case of danger of falling the height of balustrade in the flights can also be 1100 mm.se BBR99 chapter 8:232. PATFORM BAUSTRADE Platform balustrades are manufactured on customer requirement and always with height 1100 mm. The fixing is done following alternatives A or B. If people are likely to be expected underneath the platform or its edge, the balustrade has to be provided with a kick strip to prevent objects from unintentionally getting kicked down. Weland also stocks standard railings manufactured in modules. These modules can be combined to the required length, see brochure Weland Universal Railings. A B Typ 2: andrail and balusters from tube Ø 42 mm, intermediate rails from tube Ø 27 mm. FOOTBRIDGES Footbridges manufactured from grating with complete railings, module build-up for easy and quick erection. The footbridge consists of grating and stringers welded to the gangway. The stringers also serve as kick strip. The modules are connected by bolts. The railing is supplied in loose parts for bolting together on site. Typ 4: andrail and balusters from tube Ø 42 mm. Balustrade 80 Typ 6: andrail and balusters from tube Ø 42,4 mm, intermediate balusters from tube Ø 16 mm, daylight between balusters maximum 100 mm. Joint

Staircase with balustrade type 6. Balustrade with handrail of wood, square profile posts and board cladding. Protective cage preventing trespassing. Special design balustrade with fill-ins of grating. 81

FIXING DEVICES 1-flight stair, fixing angles With landing, fixing angles With landing, bracket With landing, supporting leg Multi-flight stair with supporting legs Separate platform SURFACE TREATMENT Industrial staircases and staircases for outdoor use are as standard hot dip galvanized in accordance with EN 1461. Staircases for internal use, other than industrial, can be supplied primer painted, varnished or treated to customer requirement. ife span in years 50 40 Country EN 1461 Smaller towns Coastal areas ard river water Inner city centres 30 Industries 20 10 Rainwater Ph4 Sea water Soft river water 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Zinc penetration in µm 82

ADDERS Weland stocks a standard ladder with measurements as shown in the figure. The ladder is manufactured without railing and hot dip galvanized. adders with other measurements and different design on requirement, see ordering straight flight staircase. 500 1575 FODING GANGWAY STEPS A somewhat odd product, the Weland balance bridge, is used mainly within the petrol and chemical industries. It is easily mounted and easy to handle. It is stocked in different sizes, always hot dip galvanized. R=720-1440 mm 900 225 56 978 70 30 R SPECIA DESIGN STAIRCASES We also manufacture staircases differing from our standard design. This applies for instance to the stringers, material used in treads, railing and special surface treatment. Treads of concrete, marble and other stone material according to standard of our subcontractors. EICA STAIRCASES Weland helical staircases are manufactured with stringers in the same way as straight flight staircases. The staircases can be freestanding or follow the inside or outside of a silo. 83

FÖRESKRIFTER OC AMÄNNA RÅD ENIGT BBR99 Trappor Trappschakt för trappor som utgör huvudkommunikationer bör utföras med en minsta bredd enligt följande tabell. Trappor i olika byggnader och lokaler Trappschaktets minsta bredd i m Trappor i bostadshus Inom och till en bostad 0,90 Till flera bostäder i en byggnad som inte har hissar för bårtransporter 1,20 Till flera bostäder i en byggnad som har hissar för bårtransporter 0,90 Till källare och vindar i flerbostadshus 0,90 Till källare och inredda vindar i småhus 0,80 Passagemått i utrymningsväg Utrymningsvägar skall utformas med sådan rymlighet och framkomlighet att de kan betjäna det antal personer de är avsedda för. Bredden i utrymningsvägar bör inte understiga 0,9 m. I utrymningsvägar från brandceller som är avsedda för fler än 150 personer bör bredden inte understiga 1,20 Räcken och ledstänger (8:2321) Trapplopp, trapplan, ramper och balkonger som inte avgränsas av väggar, skall ha räcken som begränsar risken för personskador. Trappor och ramper som är högre än 0,50 meter skall ha ledstänger eller motsvarande på båda sidor. edstänger eller motsvarande skall vara lätta att gripa om. Trappor som är bredare än 2,5 meter bör delas med räcken eller ledstänger i två eller flera lopp. Räcken i trapplopp bör vara minst 0,9 meter höga. Om en öppning vid sidan av ett trapplopp är så stor att störtningsrisk föreligger och fallhöjden är mer än ett normalt våningsplan, bör räcket vara minst 1,1 meter högt. Räcken på trapplan inom en bostad bör vara minst 0,9 meter höga. Räcken på andra trapplan, balkonger och loftgångar bör vara minst 1,1 meter höga. Trappschakt andledare max 100 max 100 Trappschaktets bredd Steglängd max 50 max 50 Trapplanet skall ha minst samma bredd som trappan. Dörrar på trapplan skall placeras så att passage inte försvåras. I flerbostadshus skall trapplan med dörrar vara minst 1,30 m breda. Stegdjup i en rak trappa skall vara minst 0,25 m, mätt i gånglinjen. Fri höjd (8:312) Den fria höjden i en trappa skall vara minst 2,0 m. Med fri höjd avses det vertikala måttet mellan två tänkta parallella linjer, varav den ena tangerar stegnosarna och den andra underkanterna av ovanförliggande byggnadsdelar eller inredningsdetaljer. Brandklassning enl. R30 Weland raka trappor med standardkomponenter som WUC-vangprofiler, kan dimensioneras enligt brandklass R30, utan brandskyddsmålning eller brandisolering. Testat och godkänt enligt ISO 834 och NT FIRE 005. 84 Barnsäkerhet Trappor och balkonger (8:232, 2321) Trappor, ramper, balkonger o.d. i utrymmen där barn kan vistas, skall utformas så att risken för barnolycksfall begränsas. Öppningar mellan plansteg i trappor bör vara högst 100 mm. Inom bostäder bör trappor vara utformade så att grindar kan monteras i trappans övre och nedre del. Räcken på balkonger, trapplan och trapplopp bör, upp till en höjd av 0,8 meter, utformas så att de inte medger klättring. Vertikala öppningar bör vara högst 100 mm breda. Fritt mått i höjdled mellan ett balkongräckes underkant och balkonggolvet eller mellan ett trappräckes underkant och trappstegens stegnos bör vara högst 50 mm. Fritt mått i höjdled mellan ett trappräckes underkant och ett trapplan eller golv bör vara högst 100 mm. För att barn inte skall kunna fastna med huvudet bör det ovanför en balkongfront inte finnas horisontella öppningar i intervallet mellan 110 och 230 mm.

ORDER SPECIFICATIONS Fill in the form below or send dimensioned sketch or building drawing. We design the staircase for you. 1. Type of stair, height and base line 1. 2. 3. l 4. 5. 6. l 7. 8. 9. l 2 l l l 1 10. 11. 12. l 2 l l l 1 2. Type of stringer WUC U-profile flat bar 5. Railing 3. Treads and landings T6 T6-S 4. Stair width On each side of the staircase stringers, bases, balustrades, handrails etc. must not encroach more than 100 mm on the stair shaft. The distance between an adjacent wall and the flight to be maximum 50 mm. Stair shaft tread width stair width 50 Right side (right side when climbing) Railing type No railing andrail eft side (left side when climbing) Raling type No railing andrail 6. Railing on landing as per separate sketch 7. Surface treatment treads hot dip galvanized Surface treatment other hot dip galvanized steel components 85

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