Alternativa bränslen - idag och framöver. Anders Röj Fuels and Lubricants Advanced Technology & Research Volvo Group Trucks Technology

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1 Alternativa bränslen - idag och framöver Anders Röj Fuels and Lubricants Advanced Technology & Research IVAs bränsleseminarium, Stockholm 8 Februari 2016

2 The Volvo Group Volvo Renault Mack UD Eicher Trucks Construction Equipment Volvo SDLG Volvo Prevost Nova Bus Buses Volvo Penta

3 Importance of Fuel Quality The fuel is an engineering element - an essential part in the engineering process - choice of materials: metallic materials, polymers, lubricants - the fuel properties dictate limits for engine calibration and optimisation: emissions, power output, driveability. The fuel is an integrated part of the quality assurance system - technical functionality and performance: we have a responsibility towards our customers - emissions: no deterioration over engine life (in-use compliance) - warranty issues

4 Importance of Fuel Quality How to secure good performance over the whole engine life? - vehicle manufacturers should give clear instructions on what fuel to use - our customers should always use specified/recommended fuels. - the fuel marketers (oil-companies) should always and everywhere provide good quality fuels. Key to success: standardisation and international harmonisation

5 EU emissions legislation - On-road vehicles until now the main driver for fuel quality improvements

6 PM Emissions Braunschweig bus cycle (transient) Reference: VTT Finland emissions bank

7 NOx Emissions Braunschweig bus cycle (transient) Reference: VTT Finland emissions bank

8 Viktiga bränslestandarder Fuel ISO (Global) CEN (Europa) SIS (Sverige) Bensin Dieselbränsle (Europa) Dieselbränsle (MK1) LPG FAME (biodiesel) - B10, B30 HVO, GTL, BTL Ethanol - upp till 10% i bensin - E85 - ED95 (dieselmotor) Metan - biogas, naturgas ISO DME ISO EN228 EN590 EN589 EN arbete pågår pren15940 EN15376 pren15293 EU-mandat, arbete pågår i CEN TC408 SS-EN228 SS-EN590 SS SS-EN589 SS-EN14214 SS-EN15376 SS SS SS SS-EN ISO15403 Hydrogen (for FC) ISO TS : 2008

9 Sulphur On-road Diesel Fuels 2003/2004 (Euro III) <10/50 ppm (directive 98/70/EC and tax incentives) <350 ppm (directive 98/70/EC) <350/500 ppm (directive 98/70/EC coming) ppm (typical) ppm (typical)

10 Sulphur On-road Diesel Fuels 2014 (Euro V Euro VI) <10 ppm (directive 2010/30/EC) <10-350/500 ppm < ppm < ppm

11 Roads towards sustainable transports

12 Which fuel alternatives to chose?

13 Renewable fuels and reduced losses

14 Fuels for the future How should the alternatives be evaluated? Sustainability and sustainable availability Well-to-wheel energy efficiency and CO2 emissions Well-to-wheel regulated and unregulated emissions Economy & infrastructure Other considerations energy density safety and health (fuel handling) specific issues/concerns related to the different driveline applications (trucks, buses, marine, stationary) political environment customer perceptions

15 Well-to-Wheels analysis of future automotive fuels and powertrains in the European context A joint study by EUCAR / JRC / CONCAWE

16 Evaluation of fuel pathways Source: Volvo Sustainability Report 2013

17 Klimatpåverkan CO 2 emissionerna från hela bränslekedjan well-to-wheel Reduction/ökning av CO 2 emissioner jämfört med konventionellt dieselbränsle (EN590) Icke-fossila CO2-utsläpp är inte medtagna eftersom dessa inte ger något nettoökning av CO2 i atmosfären CO2 har beräknats som CO2- ekvivalent, alltså inklusive emissioner av metan och lustgas

18 Volvo DME activities - timeline 4G truck G G G 2011

19 Volvo Alternative Fuels Volvos huvudalternativ inför framtiden - Metanbränslen: biogas, naturgas (CBG/CNG, LBG/LNG) - DME (dimetyleter): biobaserad eller fossil - Elektrifiering nya motorer/drivlinor behövs Andra alternativ av intresse (kort/mellanlång sikt) - Syntetisk diesel, HVO, FAME - Dessa bränslen/komponenter kan företrädelsevis användas för inblandning i standardbränsle (EN590/MK1) - Ren syntetisk diesel och HVO kan användas utan motormodifikationer (separat certifiering krävs för Euro VI!) - Anpassning för B100 för marknader där detta bränsle är attraktivt (separat certifiering krävs för Euro VI!) nära business as usual ifråga om motorutveckling

20 Volvo Buses offers three different solutions for hybrid & electrical buses Series Production Hybrid buses 2009 Electric hybrid buses* 2016 Q2 Fully electric buses* 2017 Q2 Fuel & CO2 reduction Total Energy reduction Hybrid 25-39% 25-39% Electric Hybrid 75% 60% Fully Electric 100% 80% *opportunity charging

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22 Levels of electrification in the city - from full electric buses to hybrid solutions FULL-ELECTRIC DIESEL COACH HYBRID INTERCITY ELECTRIC HYBRID Source: Volvo Buses

23 Commercial vehicles are used under commercial and competitive conditions A move to non-fossil fuels will come when profitability levels are viable Political decisions will be needed Long term vision Short term incentives Important principles Energy efficiency, real GHG reduction Work done principle An international perspective Stable and predictable measures Specifications for new fuels

24 Tack för uppmärksamheten!