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Tobias Gustafsson
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1 Baltic Information on the Acoustic Soundscape Peter Sigray 1

2 2

3 BIAS field Surveys during 2014 In toto 38 locations Every third month revisted Measurement undertaken during

4 Modelling of the Baltic Sea Project location: Baltic Sea Coordinator: Time-period: 1 September August 2016 Co-ordinator: Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI) AB:s Denmark, Germany, Poland, Estonia, Lithuania and Finland Main activities: Deploy 40 sensors during Modelling 2014 in the Baltic Sea to Sweden, Stockholm Modelling establish the baseline of the sound Klicka här för att ändra of format på Sound 5

5 Standard for Sensors The rationale for the BIAS standards: To achieve comparable results To achieve reliable results The BIAS standards cover from purchasing of sensors to transfer of data to the model. Will the standards solve all your problems NO! 6

6 BIAS Standards 1. Introduction 2. Scope 3. Background Information 4. Parameters of Underwater Sound 5. Standards 1. Standards on hardware specifications 2. Standards on handling of sensors 3. Standards on rig design 4. Standards on deployment 5. Standards on handling of sensors 6. References 7. Tick and check lists 8. Manuals 9. Protocols 7

7 i. Equivalent sound level j. Peak sound pressure level k. Peak-peak sound pressure level l. Sound Exposure Level m. Cumulative Sound Exposure Level n. Signal duration o. Bandwidth p. Time Bandwidth Product E. Standards I. Standards on hardware specifications a. Hydrophone b. Amplifiers c. Filter unit d. A/D converter e. Recording unit II. Standards on handling sensors a. General items b. After purchase c. Before deployment d. Transport e. At deployment f. After retrieval g. Re-deployment h. When open i. General remarks III. Standards on rig design IV. Standards on deployment V. Standards on handling data a. At sea or in the office b. Long-term storage F. References a. Cited references b. Further readings c. Relevant ISO standards G. Appendix A: Tick- and check-lists I. Handling of sensors a. On initial receipt b. After reparation c. Before deployment d. Transport e. At deployment f. At retrieval g. Re-deployment at sea h. When open II. Handling of data

carefully considered. When managing sound these events, entities and properties have to be documented. Content a. At sea or in the office... 46 b. Long term storage... 46 III.

8 carefully considered. When managing sound these events, entities and properties have to be documented. Content a. At sea or in the office b. Long term storage III. BIAS Checklists for hydrophone logger units for deployment a. Preparation of the hydrophone logger units for deployment, programming and assembly b. Preparation of the hydrophone logger units for deployment, in the field H. Appendix B: Manuals I. DSG Deployment Manual a. Programming II. SM2M Deployment Manual a. Programming b. Loading the set-file c. Preparation d. Before closing the logger: e. After closing the logger III. Sonardyne Releaser (LRT) Manual a. Before deployment b. Programming the Releaser c. Connecting the battery into the releaser I. Appendix C: Protocols I. BIAS Deployment protocol II. BIAS Monitoring station datasheet III. BIAS Sensors, Inventory protocol IV. BIAS data storage instructions V. BIAS Survey failure report Figure 1 Spectral levels of sound in the deep ocean including both natural and anthropogenic sources. The graph is adapted from the Wenz curves (Poikonen, & Madekivi, 2010, Wenz, 1962). It furthermore shows the range of hearing thresholds f or animals of the Baltic Sea. 10 9

9 The Manuals in the BIAS Standards 10

10 Standardized rigs and deployment procedures 11

11 The trawl protected rig used by Poland 12

12 Some of the Challenges not Covered by the Standards Indication that rig moves when depth less than 25 m The loop at the lower part of the SMS2 has grades and wear down the rope 13

13 Development and test of reference code for signal analysis 14

14 Pre-processing of data Standard header for meta data (information used by modellers in BIAS Transfer Klicka of här correct för meta-data att ändra from different format sources by hand The data is stored in different sources and has resulted in errors when transferred to header To prepare data for modelling took time due to errors in meta-data handling Dealing with unwanted sound (knirks and bongs) delete or keep? Removal using non home made algorithms? 15

15 Sensitivity, gains and SPL The ring test showed that an unambigious calculation Klicka här of SPL för is difficult att ändra to acheive. format BIAS agreed to accept +/- 1dB difference (How will this be dealt with in an ISO-standard?). Should a international test set be developed and released? Simple algorithms were implemented to quantify data gaps and saturation events The data has to be sanity checked using the general algorithms 16

16 Algorithms used in BIAS Data coverage test in % of full coverage Check of file-lengths if consistent DSG Klicka comparison här för of recovered att ändra and raw format files Check inf and NaN:s appears in all files (remove files) Test of spike (spike removal) Check of Klicka spectrum här för att ändra format på Extract 63, underrubrik 125, 2000 Hz i and bakgrunden Broadband Hz 1s-spectrum calculated then 20s-averages 17

17 Data Storage and Reduction 20 s averages is calculated and shared among the beneficiaries The 63, 125 and 2000 Hz 1/3-octave bands are established Is there other entities that should be included in the Klicka standards. här för att ändra format på Necessaryunderrubrik to reduce due i bakgrunden to large data sets Data storing and sharing requires space and a storage strategy related to standards 18

18 Quality Assessment Protocols were developed back-to-back to the standards BIAS Monitoring station datasheet BIAS Sensors, Inventory protocol BIAS data storage instructions BIAS Survey failure report 19

19 Data Storing and Sharing A data-sharing design was developed as well as a data-storing platform NAS 2 Back-up Switch NAS 1 Computer 20

20 The Family of Events and Actions related to Standards Calibration of low frequencies Standards of Standards of Sensor Standards Rig standards Sensor Handling QA protocols Storage Hardware Storing Ring test of algorithms Quality control of data Signal processing standards 21

21 Baltic Information on the Acoustic Soundscape Peter Sigray 22

22 Modelling of the Baltic Sea Project location: Baltic Sea Coordinator: Time-period: 1 September August 2016 Co-ordinator: Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI) AB:s Denmark, Germany, Poland, Estonia, Lithuania and Finland Main activities: Deploy 40 sensors during Modelling 2014 in the Baltic Sea to Sweden, Stockholm Modelling establish the baseline of the sound Klicka här för att ändra of format på Sound 23

23 Bothnian Sea, 2014 January, Pre-processing Klicka här för att ändra Stationarity format test Spike removal using Grubb s test 27

24 Bothnian Sea, 2014 January, Sea State vs.noise 28

25 Bothnian Sea, 2014 January, Sea States based on modelled wind speed 29

26 Monthly Averages from Bay of Finland 30

27 Bay of Finland, October

28 Sound pres level Distance to ship Preliminary results AIS data 1 min intervals Time 1/3 OB 63 Hz 1/3 OB 125Hz 1/3 OB 250 Hz BIAS18 Jan

29 Preliminary Results 5 km 10 km 34

30 SPL Wind Speed and Direction vs. SPL 1/3 OB 125 Hz WIND 35

31 To use ship information requires understanding the detils of the sources. In BIAS AIS, VMS and Vesselfinder were used Ships sources January

32 38

33 Januari 2013: AIS/VMS flottans ålder 40

34 January 2014: Draught 41

35 January 2014: Speed vs class 43

36 Length vs Speed 44

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