Grön IT Anna Karin Jönbrink. Swerea IVF

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1 Grön IT Anna Karin Jönbrink Swerea IVF

2 Du kan påverka hur framtidens miljö ser ut - tag vara på den möjligheten NU!

3 Datorer och monitorer i EU står för minst 27 Miljoner ton koldioxidutsläpp årligen! Dessa kan minskas med 10 Miljoner ton! Detta är lika mycket som om en miljon bilar körde ett varv vardera runt jorden! Bilkörning ca 4 km ger 1 kg CO2-utsläpp 1 ton CO2 = 4000 km 10 ton CO2 = 4000 mil, som ett varv runt jorden

4 Vår affärsidé Initiera, utföra och omsätta FoU till tillväxt inom tillverkningsindustrin Ägare Swerea AB Vi har stark förankring i den svenska industrin Intressentförening, ca 100 företag Aktiva nätverk, mer än 800 företag Swerea IVF Mölndal Swerea IVF Stockholm Omsättning: 145 MSEK (2007) 140 anställda

5 Våra FoU-områden Swerea IVF har expertis inom det tillverkande företagets alla kärnprocesser. Miljö och arbetsmiljö Produktutveckling Elektronikutveckling Produktionsutveckling Processutvecklng Keraminstitutet Textil, Fiber och polymer

6 Anna Karin Jönbrink, Master of Science Mechanical Engineering Product developer in industry Environmental education EcoDesign ar research institute

7 Min favoritplats

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9 Grön IT handlar om att skapa största möjliga nytta med minsta möjliga miljöbelastning!

10 EuP Ecodesign Study, Lot 3 Personal Computers and Computer Monitors

11 Environmental threats Global ozone layer Limited resources Regional Local Individual air & noise Photochemical ozone formation acidification waste toxic substances eutrophication Global Warming Short term Long term

12 Large volumes of waste

13 Global Warming Possible solution Ask the angels to cool the earth!?

14 Ecodesign and Life Cycle Thinking Raw material Productio n Deposition Energy output End of life Material Recycling Reuse Transportatio n Use

15 VHK- methodology 1. Product definition, standardisation & legislation 2.Economic and market 3.Consumer analysis & Local infrastructure 4.Technical analysis Existing products 5.Definition of base case 7. Improvement potential Impact assessment EuP Ecoreport 6. Technical analysis BAT 8. Scenario, policy, impact, and sensitivity analysis

16 2 Market information Product consumption in EU-25 Million Products Year Desktops Laptops CRT LCD

17 2 An approximation over Personal Computers in use in EU 25 Personal Computers in use in EU Million products Year Desktops Laptops Total

18 2 An approximation over Computer Monitors in use in EU 25 Computer Monitors in use in EU-25 Million products Year CRT LCD Total

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23 3 Usage behavior %

24 4 Four product cases - representing 2005 bestsellers Desktop PC (3 GHz processor (or equivalent), built-in graphics card, 512 MB RAM and 80 GB HDD) (13% of sales volumes) Laptop (mobile 1.7 GHz processor (or or equivalent), good 3- dimensional graphic performance, 15 -screen, 512 MB RAM and 60 GB HDD)(7% of sales volumes) LCD display (17, resolution 1280*1024) (6 % of sales volumes) CRT display (17 ) (28% of sales volumes)

25 4 Bill of materials BOM EuP Lot 3 prep study: Office desktop PC MZ Pos MATERIALS Extraction & Production Weight Category Material or Process nr Description of component in g Click &select select Category first! 1 LDPE BlkPlastics 1-LDPE 2 ABS BlkPlastics 10-ABS 3 PA TecPlastics 11-PA 6 4 PC TecPlastics 12-PC 5 Epoxy 98 2-TecPlastics 14-Epoxy 6 Flex PUR 2 2-TecPlastics 16-Flex PUR 7 Steel sheet galvanized Ferro 21-St sheet galv. 8 Steel tube/ profile Ferro 22-St tube/profile 9 Cast iron Ferro 23-Cast iron 10 Ferrite 0 3-Ferro 24-Ferrite 11 Stainless 18/8 coil 10 3-Ferro 25-Stainless 18/8 coil 12 Al sheet/ extrusion Non-ferro 26-Al sheet/extrusion 13 Al diecast 15 4-Non-ferro 27-Al diecast 14 Cu winding wire Non-ferro 28-Cu winding wire 15 Cu wire Non-ferro 29-Cu wire 16 Cu tube/sheet 67 4-Non-ferro 30-Cu tube/sheet 17 Powder coating 2 5-Coating 39-powder coating 18 Big caps & coils Electronics 44-big caps & coils 19 Slots /ext. Ports Electronics 45-slots / ext. ports 20 Integrated Circuits, 5% Silicon, Au 69 6-Electronics 46-IC's avg., 5% Si, Au 21 Integrated Circuits, 1% Silicon 96 6-Electronics 47-IC's avg., 1% Si 22 SMD & LEDs avg Electronics 48-SMD/ LED's avg. 23 PWB ½ lay 3.75 kg/m Electronics 49-PWB 1/2 lay 3.75kg/m2 24 PWB 6 lay 4.5 kg/m Electronics 50-PWB 6 lay 4.5 kg/m2 25 Solder SnAg4Cu Electronics 52-Solder SnAg4Cu Cardboard Misc. 56-Cardboard

26 4 Electricity use (Watt) Idle Sleep Off CRT-screen LCD-screen Laptop Desktop

27 Power consumption per base case Operational mode Desktop Laptop LCD 17 CRT 17 Active/Idle Sleep 2.2 * Off 2.7 *

28 4* Energy use for a standard office computer Primary energy Desktop in office - Total Energy (GER) in MJ Production Distribution Use End-of-life TOTAL

29 Desktop office Desktop home Laptop office Laptop home LCD in Office LCD at home CRT in Office CRT at home 5 Greenhouse gases (kg CO2 eq) per product life cycle TOTAL End-of-life Use Distribution Production

30 5 Desktop improvement areas Energy during use Motherboard including the processor Power supply Steel casing Solutions may vary between office and home use

31 5 Laptop improvement areas Energy during use Motherboard including the processor Battery Solutions may vary between office and home use

32 5 LCD-displays improvement areas Energy during use Integrated circuits Galvanized steel Polyamid Solutions may vary between office and home use

33 7 Improvement options, Energy Power Supply Unit Assumptions from 65% to 80% average efficiency 5 extra cost

34 7 Improvement options, Energy Better processors Improved processor, such as multi core 24% savings on desktops, extra cost % savings on laptops extra cost 15 Adaptive Intensity (already implemented for Laptops) 16 % savings on desktops no extra cost

35 7 Improvement options, Energy Power Management 50% energy savings No extra cost

36 Impact over life cycle with Power Management (50%) Greenhouse gases (kg CO2 eq) Desktop office Desktop home Laptop office Laptop home LCD in Office LCD at home CRT in Office CRT at home 7 Per product Base cases With Power management

37 7 Improvement options, Noise Noise is considered to be important, Nordic countries When lack of disturbing noise. When used as media centres, for music and movies. Noise can be reduced for this kind of products. Make the fan less noisy Reduce the cooling requirements One example shows a reduction by 0.7B (Lwad)

38 7 Improvement options, Toxic substances Possibility to take the lamps of the LDC for End of Life treatment Gives less mercury in the waste stream Toxic substances

39 7 Improvement options, Toxic substances Flame retardants Minimizing the content Change to less hazardous

40 7 Improvement options, Batteries for laptops Environmental problems Energy efficiency Aging Toxic substances such as lithim and organic solvents Risk for explosion or fire Possible solutions Make it easy to remove the batteries Effective charging methods Minimise aging New battery chemicals (BNYAT) Fuel cells (BNYAT)

41 7 Improvement options, Renewable materials Change to renewable plastics

42 We aim at LLCC=Least Life Cycle Cost Purchase price + Installation cost + Use Cost + End of life cost = LCC If you change a componenet, it might give a higher purchase price, but give a lower Life Cycle Cost

43 800 Desktop office improvements Greenhouse gases (kg CO2eq) Base case >80PSU > 80PSU+improved proc > 80PSU+impr proc+ad cloc... Change to laptop PM+> 80PSU+improved pr... Improvement options LCC (Euro) Greenhouse gases (kg CO2eq) LCC (Euro)

44 EU impact of products in use 2005 Greenhouse gases (MtCO2eq) Desktop office Desktop home Laptop office Laptop home LCD office LCD home CRT office CRT home Total 7 Type of products Base cases Products with LLCC

45 Policy Recommendations Desktops Power modes harmonised with Energy Star 4.0 Sleep: 4 W Off: 2W Idle: Category A: < 50.0 W Category B: < 65.0 W Category C: < 95.0 W Power supply unit 80% minimum efficiency at 20%, 50%, 80% and 100% of rated output and Power Factor > 0.9 of rated output Power management enabled Information requirement Power modes Website for EoL info Timing, As soon as possible

46 EuP-directive, Ecodesign Implementing measures - legislation

47 Vad kan du göra? Aktivera strömsparfunktioner! (sparar ca 50% energi!) Låt datorn och skärmen vila då ni talar i telefon, går på toa, fikar, går på möte etc. Stäng av när ni går hem Det finns lösningar som gör det möjligt att uppdatera och sköta systemet ändå! Köp miljövettig utrustning TCO Svanen Energy Star IT-declaration (ECMA standard 370 och IT-företagen) Gör LCC Se till att resthanteringen går rätt till

48 Köp rätt, använd Livscykelkostnadskalkyl, LCC Köp Användning Kvittblivning Anna Karin Jönbrink 48

49 Exempel från Strömsparprojekt för IT vid Folktandvården i Stockholm Roger Lundkvist 1700 datorer med 2000 användare 84 W i aktivt läge, och 2 W i av (ansluten till nätverk) Energivinst om alla stänger av datorn då de går hem: 1 M kr/år!!

50 Miljömärkning visar att en produkt lever upp till miljömässiga krav

51 Questions? Thank you!

52 Du kan påverka hur framtidens miljö ser ut - tag vara på den möjligheten NU!

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54 Miljö används som försäljningsargument på elektronikmässa

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58 Miljö-nyckeln till framgång? Fri parkering för miljöfordon

59 Trumpetare inte välkomna eller Diktatur är bra om man vill besluta lagar snabbt!

60 Kina RoHS har bara tagit några månader!

61 Kontorslandskap på SGS

62 Montering vid Coffee Queen i Shanghai