Delvis översatt av TOLEKA AB &

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1 ATS-10 Generalagent Sverige MI 3101 EUROTEST ATS - XAS Manual för Eurotest-ATS och Eurotest-XAS Delvis översatt av TOLEKA AB & Version 2.0, Code no Generalagent i Sverige: TOLEKA AB Fenix väg GUSTAVSBERG Tel Fax [email protected] -

2 Distributor: Manufacturer: Agent for Sweden METREL d.d. TOLEKA AB Ljubljanska cesta 77 Fenix väg Horjul GUSTAVSBERG Slovenia Fax web site: METREL No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means without permission in writing from TOLEKA AB and METREL. Generalagent i Sverige: TOLEKA AB Fenix väg GUSTAVSBERG Tel Fax [email protected] -

3 1 Preface Safety and operational considerations Warnings and notes Battery and charging New battery cells or cells unused for a longer period Standards applied Instrument description Front panel Connector panel Back panel Bottom Display organization Terminal voltage monitor Menu line Message field Result field Other messages Sound warnings Help Backlight and contrast adjustments Carrying the instrument Instrument set and accessories Standard set Optional accessories Instrument operation Main menu Single test Automatic testing Auto sequence number main menu Auto sequence set Test parameters in auto sequence Name and description of auto sequence Storing auto sequence settings (sequence, number, name) Pause flag and comments in auto sequence Setting pause flag and comments Building an auto sequence Miscellaneous Language Supply system, Isc factor, RCD standard Memory Date and time Initial settings Communication port Locator Operator Measurements Insulation resistance Resistance to earth connection and equipotential bonding Continuity R200 ma measurement ma resistance measurement Compensation of test leads resistance

4 5.3 Testing RCDs Contact voltage (RCD Uc) Trip-out time t Trip-out current RCD Autotest Fault loop impedance and prospective fault current Line impedance and prospective short-circuit current Voltage, frequency and phase sequence Resistance to earth Standard 3-wire measurement One clamp measurement Two clamps measurement Current Sensors and adapters Illumination Ω line/loop impedance PE test terminal Locator Varistor test Data handling Memory organization Installation data structure Storing test results Saving results specialties Recalling test results and parameters Recalling result Clearing saved data Clearing specialties Editing installation data structure Adding new locations Communication Maintenance Replacing fuses Cleaning Periodic calibration Service Technical specifications Insulation resistance Continuity Resistance R200mA Resistance R7mA RCD testing General data Contact voltage RCD-Uc Trip-out time Trip-out current Fault loop impedance and prospective fault current No disconnecting device or FUSE selected RCD selected Line impedance and prospective short-circuit current Voltage, frequency, and phase rotation

5 8.6.1 Phase rotation Voltage Frequency Online terminal voltage monitor Earth resistance TRMS Clamp current Illumination Ω line/loop impedance High precision line impedance High precision fault loop impedance Contact voltage Varistor test General data A Appendix A - Fuse table B Appendix B - Accessories for specific measurements C Appendix C Locator receiver R10K C.1 Tracing principles C.1.1 Positioning the receiver C.1.2 Positioning current clamp C.1.3 Positioning selective probe C.2 Detection distances for different connections C.3 R10K power supply C.4 Maintenance D Appendix D - IT supply systems D.1 Standard references D.2 Fundamentals D.3 Measurement guides D.3.1 MI 3105 test functions and IT systems D.3.2 Voltage measurements D.3.3 Line impedance D.3.4 RCD testing D.3.5 IMD testing D.3.6 First fault leakage current (ISFL) D.4 Technical specifications D.4.1 First fault leakage current ISFL D.4.2 Calibrated resistances for IMD testing E Appendix E - Reduced low voltage supply systems E.1 Standard reference E.2 Fundamentals E.3 MI 3105 guides E.3.1 MI 3105 functions and reduced low voltage systems E.4 Technical specifications E.4.1 RCD E.4.2 Fault loop impedance and prospective short-circuit current E.4.3 Line impedance and prospective short-circuit current

6 1 Preface Congratulations on your purchase of the instrument and its accessories from METREL. The instrument was designed on basis of rich experience, acquired through many years of dealing with electric installation test equipment. The multifunctional hand-held installation tester EurotestXA is intended for all tests and measurements required for total inspection of electrical installations in buildings. In general the following measurements and tests can be performed: True rms voltage and frequency, phase sequence, Insulation resistance, Resistance to earth connection and equipotential bonding plus continuous resistance measurement, Line impedance, Loop impedance, RCD protection, Resistance to earth, Leakage and load currents, Testing of Insulation Monitoring Devices (IMDs), First fault leakage current, Illuminance measurements, 2 Ω line/loop impedance Tracing the installation. Overvoltage protection devices. Tests can be performed on the following supply systems: TN / TT, IT, 110 V reduced low voltage (2 x 55 V), and 110 V reduced low voltage (3 x 63 V). The high-resolution graphic display with backlight offers easy reading of results, indications, measurement parameters and messages. Operation is simple and clear operator does not need any special training (except reading this instruction manual) to operate the instrument. In order for operator to be familiar enough with measurements in general and their typical applications it is advisable to read Metrel handbook Measurements on electric installations in theory and practice. The instrument is equipped with all accessories necessary for comfortable testing. It is kept in a soft carrying bag together with all accessories. 6

7 2 Safety and operational considerations 2.1 Warnings and notes In order to reach high level of operator s safety while carrying out various tests and measurements using EurotestXA, as well as to keep the test equipment undamaged, it is necessary to consider the following general warnings: Warning on the instrument means»read the Instruction manual with special care to safety operation«. The symbol requires an action! If the test equipment is used in a manner that is not specified in this user manual, the protection provided by the equipment might be impaired! Read this user manual carefully, otherwise use of the instrument may be dangerous for the operator, for the instrument or for the equipment under test! Do not use the instrument and accessories if any damage is noticed! In case a fuse has blown follow the instructions in this manual to replace it! Consider all generally known precautions in order to avoid risk of electric shock while dealing with hazardous voltages! Do not use the instrument in supply systems with voltages higher than 550 V! Service intervention or adjustment and calibration procedure is allowed to be carried out only by a competent authorized person! Use only standard or optional test accessories supplied by your distributor! Consider that older and some of new optional test accessories compatible with this instrument meet overvoltage category CAT III / 300 V! It means that maximum allowed voltage between test terminals and ground is 300 V! Instrument contains rechargeable NiCd or NiMh battery cells. The cells should only be replaced with the same type as defined on the battery placement label or in this manual. Do not use standard alkaline battery cells while power supply adapter is connected, otherwise they may explode! Hazardous voltages exist inside the instrument. Disconnect all test leads, remove the power supply cable and switch off the instrument before removing battery compartment cover. All normal safety precautions have to be taken in order to avoid risk of electric shock when working on electrical installations! Warnings related to measurement functions: Insulation resistance Do not touch the test object during the measurement or before it is fully discharged! Risk of electric shock! Automatic discharge of capacitive object will take some time after the finished insulation resistance measurement. Warning message and actual voltage is displayed during discharging until voltage drops below 10 V. In no case you should disconnect test leads until tested object is completely discharged! 7

8 Notes related to measurement functions: General Indicator means that the selected measurement can't be performed because of irregular conditions on input terminals. Insulation resistance, continuity functions and earth resistance measurements shall be performed on de-energized objects, i.e. voltage between test terminals should be lower than 10 V! PASS / FAIL indication is enabled when limit is set to ON. Apply appropriate limit value for evaluation of measurement results. In case that only two of three wires are connected to test electrical installation, only voltage indication between these two wires is valid. Insulation resistance When measuring insulation resistance between installation conductors all loads must be disconnected and all switches closed! The instrument automatically discharge tested object after finished measurement. Keep the TEST key pressed for continuous measurement. Continuity functions Parallel resistance paths and interfering currents in measured circuit will influence the test result! If necessary compensate test lead resistance before performing continuity measurement, see Measuring the resistance of wire wound components like transformer or motor windings is possible only in continuous function (R7mA) due to great influence of the winding inductance. RCD functions Parameters set in one function are also kept for other RCD functions. The measurement of contact voltage will not trip-out RCD of tested installation if selected rated test current is the same as rated I ΔN of observed RCD. However, the RCD trip-out may occur and Uc measurement is affected because of PE leakage currents caused by appliances that are connected to the tested installation. The RCD trip-out current test and Uc measurement could be affected as a result potential fields of other earthing installations. RCD trip-out current and time will be measured only if pretest of those functions gives contact voltage lower than the selected conventional limit contact voltage. L and N test terminals are reversed automatically according to detected terminal voltage. In case the RCD trips-out during safety pretests it is possible to continue measurements just by recovering the RCD. Possible reasons for trip-out are incorrect RCD sensitivity (I ΔN ) selected or relatively high leakage currents in tested installations or defective RCD. 8

9 Z-LOOP Fault loop impedance measurement trips-out the RCD. Use the Z-LOOP Impedance, Protection: RCD option to prevent the trip-out. Fault loop impedance function with selected RCD protection takes longer time to complete but offers much better accuracy then R L sub-result in RCD: Uc function. Specified accuracy of tested parameters is valid only if mains voltage is stable during the measurement and no additional operating circuits are connected in parallel. L and N test terminals are reversed automatically according to detected terminal voltage. Z-LINE Measurement of Z Line-Line with the instrument test leads PE and N connected together will generate warning of dangerous PE voltage when the TEST key is touched but measurement is not prohibited. Specified accuracy of tested parameters is valid only if mains voltage is stable during the measurement and no additional operating circuits are connected in parallel. L and N test terminals are reversed automatically according to detected terminal voltage. Earth resistance High currents and voltages in earthing could influence the measurement results. High resistance of S and H probes could influence the measurement results. In this case, indications Rp and Rc appear in the message field. There is no pass / fail indication in this case. Resistance of E measuring wire is added to the measurement result of resistance to earth. Use only standard test accessory without extension lead for E probe. In two clamps test the distance between clamps should be at least 30 cm (see figure 5.33). In one clamp test the accuracy decreases as the ratio R / Re increases! Line tracer Receiver R10K should always be in IND mode when working with the MI 3105 instrument. When dealing with complex installations (long conductors or more current loops connected in parallel), it is advisable to disconnect parts of the installation that are not of interest at that moment. Otherwise, the test signal will spread all over the installation and the selectivity can fall to an unacceptable level. 9

10 2.2 Battery and charging The instrument uses six AA size alkaline or rechargeable Ni-Cd or Ni-MH battery cells. Nominal operating time is declared for cells with nominal capacity of 2100 mah. Battery condition is always present on the display when the instrument is turned on. In case the battery is weak, the instrument indicates this as shown in figure 2.1. This indication appears for a few seconds and then the instrument is turned off. Figure 2.1: Discharged battery indication The battery is charged whenever the power supply adapter is connected to the instrument. Internal circuit controls charging assuring maximum battery lifetime. Power supply socket polarity is shown in figure Figure 2.2: Power supply socket polarity The instrument automatically recognizes connected power supply adapter and controls charging. Symbols: Indication of battery charging 7.2 Battery voltage 7.2 Figure 2.3: Charging indication Before opening battery / fuse compartment cover disconnect all measuring accessories connected to the instrument and power off the instrument. Insert cells correctly, otherwise the instrument will not operate and the battery could be discharged. Remove all battery cells from the battery compartment if the instrument is not used for longer period. Do not charge alkaline battery cells! Take into account handling, maintenance and recycling requirements that are defined by related regulatives and manufacturer of alkaline or rechargeable batteries! 10

11 Use only power supply adapter delivered from manufacturer or distributor of the test equipment to avoid possible fire or electric shock! New battery cells or cells unused for a longer period Unpredictable chemical processes can occur during charging of new battery cells or cells that were unused for a longer period (more than 3 months). Ni-MH and Ni-Cd battery cells are affected to capacity degradation (sometimes called as memory effect). As a result, the instrument operation time can be significantly reduced. Recommended procedure for recovering battery cells: Procedure Notes Completely charge the battery. At least 14h with in-built charger. Completely discharge the battery. Repeat the charge / discharge cycle for at least two times. Can be performed with normal work with the instrument. Four cycles are recommended. Complete discharge / charge cycle is performed automatically for each cell using external intelligent battery charger. Notes: The charger in the instrument is a pack cell charger. This means that the battery cells are connected in series during the charging. The battery cells have to be equivalent (same charge condition, same type and age). One different battery cell can cause an improper charging and incorrect discharging during normal usage of the entire battery pack (it results in heating of the battery pack, significantly decreased operation time, reversed polarity of defective cell, ). If no improvement is achieved after several charge / discharge cycles, then each battery cell should be checked (by comparing battery voltages, testing them in a cell charger, etc). It is very likely that only some of the battery cells are deteriorated. The effects described above should not be mixed with normal decrease of battery capacity over time. Battery also loses some capacity when it is repeatedly charged / discharged. Actual decreasing of capacity, versus number of charging cycles, depends on battery type. It is provided in the technical specification from battery manufacturer. 11

12 2.3 Standards applied The MI 3105 EurotestXA instrument is manufactured and tested according to the following regulations, listed below. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) EN Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use EMC requirements Class B (Hand held equipment used in controlled EM environments) Safety (LVD) EN EN Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use Part 1: General requirements Safety requirements for hand-held probe assemblies for electrical measurement and test Functionality EN Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V a.c. and 1500 V d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures Part 1 General requirements Part 2 Insulation resistance Part 3 Loop resistance Part 4 Resistance of earth connection and equipotential bonding Part 5 Resistance to earth Part 6 Residual current devices (RCDs) in TT and TN systems Part 7 Phase sequence Part 10 Combined measuring equipment Other reference standards for testing RCDs EN EN EN EN BS 7671 AS / NZ 3760 Residual current operated circuit-breakers without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses General requirements for residual current operated protective devices Electrical installations of buildings - Part 4-41: Protection for safety - Protection against electric shock IEE Wiring Regulations In-service safety inspection and testing of electrical equipment Note about EN and IEC standards: Text of this manual contains references to European standards. All standards of EN 6xxxx (e.g. EN 61010) series are equivalent to IEC standards with the same number (e.g. IEC 61010) and differ only in amended parts required by European harmonization procedure. 12

13 MI 3101 EUROTEST ATS - XAS 3 Instrumentetbeskrivning / Instrument description 3.1 Instrumentets framsida / Front panel Figure 3.1:Instrumentets framsida / Front panel Legend: 1 ON / OFF 2 HELP 3 F2 4 F MEM ESC TAB 8 Cursor keypad with TEST key 9 10 BACKLIGHT, CONTRAST LCD Slår på eller stänger av instrumentet / Switches the instrument power on or off. Instrumentet stängs automatiskt av efter 15 minuter / The instrument automatically turns off 15 minutes after the last key was pressed. Öppnar hjälpmenyn / Accesses help menus. Lägger till nya minnesplatser / Adds new memory location. Konfirmerar nya namn etc. inmatade i edit mode / Confirmation of name entered in edit mode. Matar in mine I edit mode / Enters memory editing mode. Raderar bokstäver till vänster i edit mode / Deletes character on the left in edit mode. Användning av minnesenheten / Handling with memory. Exits selected and displayed option. Jumps between display windows. Cursors Selection of tested function and its working parameters. Initiates measurements. TEST Acts also as the PE touching electrode. Changes backlight level and contrast. 320 x 240 dots matrix display with backlight. 13

14 3.2 Connector panel > 550V 5 6 Legend: Figure 3.2: Connector panel 1 Test connector Measuring inputs / outputs, connection of measuring cables. 2 Charger socket Connection of power supply adapter. 3 PS/2 connector Communication with PC serial port and connection to optional measuring adapters. 4 Protection cover Protects from simultaneous access to test connector and power supply adapter socket plus communication connectors. 5 USB connector USB (1.1) communication port. 6 Clamp connector Measuring input for current clamp. Warnings! Maximum allowed voltage between any test terminal and ground is 600 V! Maximum allowed voltage between test terminals is 550 V! Maximum short-term voltage of external power supply adapter is 14 V! Do not connect any voltage source on clamp connector sockets! It is intended for connection of current clamp with current output only. Maximum continuous current of current clamp input is 30 ma! 14

15 3.3 Back panel 3 Legend: 1 2 Figure 3.3: Back panel 1 Battery / fuse compartment cover 2 Back panel information label Fixing screws for battery / fuse compartment 3 cover Fuse F2 F3 Fuse Fuse F1 - S/N XXXXXXXX SIZE AA SIZE AA SIZE AA + SIZE AA SIZE AA SIZE AA 4 Figure 3.4: Battery and fuse compartment 5 6 Legend: 1 Fuse F1 T 315 ma / 250 V 2 Fuse F2 T 4 A / 500 V 3 Fuse F3 T 4 A / 500 V 4 Serial number label 5 Battery cells Size AA, alkaline / rechargeable NiMH or NiCd 6 Battery holder Can be removed from the instrument 15

16 RMS MI 3101 EUROTEST ATS - XAS 3.4 Bottom Continuity RLow (EN ) R: Test current: min. ±200mA at 2 Open-circuit voltage: 6.5V 9.0V Continuity 7mA R: Test current: max. 8.5mA Open-circuit voltage:6.5v Insulation resistance (EN ) R: 0.18M 199.9M, U=50V,100, N V250V R: 0.12M 999M, U= 500V, N 1kV U: 0V 1200V Nominal voltages: 100V, 250V, 500V, 1kV Measuring current: min. 1mA at R=U1k/V NN Short-circuit current: < 3mA Line impedance(en ) R: L-N(L)PSC I: 0.A.kA Nominal voltage: 100V 440V/ 15Hz 500Hz Fault loop impedance (EN ) R: L-PE I: PFC 0.A.kA 1414 Nominal voltage: 100V 264V/ 15Hz 500Hz Voltage, frequency U: 0V 440V / f: 15Hz 500Hz Phase rotation (EN ) Nominal voltage: 100V 440V / 100 5Hz 5Hz Results: or RCD(EN ) I: 10mA, 30mA, 100mA, 300mA, 500mA, 1A Nominal voltage: 100V 264V/ 15Hz 500Hz Contact voltage U: C0.0V 100.0V R: SSCN k(R=U/ I) Tripping time non-delayed (time-delayed) RCDs 1: 0ms 300ms (500ms) 2: 0ms 150ms (200ms) 5: 0ms 40ms (150ms), U: 0.0V C 100.0V Tripping current I: 0.2I 1.1IAC NN N ( 1.5 IA) t: 0ms 300ms, U: 0.0V C 100.0V Multiplier: 0.5, 1, 2, 5 Resistance to earth (EN ) R: Open-circuit voltage: < 45V Short-circuit current : < 20mA CAT III 600V 550V Ljubljanska 77 SI Horjul Tel: Figure 3.5: Bottom Legend: 1 Bottom information label 2 Neck belt openings 3 Handling side covers 16

17 3.5 Display organization Menu line Result field Test parameter field Message field Figure 3.6: Typical single test display Terminal voltage monitor Function tabs Terminal voltage monitor The terminal voltage monitor displays current voltages present on the test terminals. In its lower part, messages are displayed regarding the measured voltages and selected voltage system (see Supply systems). Online voltage is displayed together with test terminal indication. L and N test terminals are used for selected measurement. L and PE are test terminals; N terminal should also be connected for reference in measuring circuit. Polarity of test voltage applied to the output terminals. Insulation test: two measuring terminals should be shorted., Three-phase connection indicator. TT / TN supply system. IT supply system. Reduced low voltage supply system. Unknown supply system (atypical voltage at input terminals for selected supply system). L N polarity changed. First fault in IT supply system. Check monitored voltages to fix the problem. 17

18 3.5.2 Menu line Warning! Phase voltage on the PE terminal! Stop the activity immediately and eliminate the fault / connection problem before proceeding with any activity! In the menu line, the name of the selected function is displayed. Additional information about active cursor / TEST keys and battery condition are shown. Function name. Time. Active keys on cursor / TEST keypad ( and TEST in this example). Battery capacity indication. Low battery. Battery is too weak to guarantee correct result. Replace or recharge the battery cells. Recharging in progress (if power supply adapter is connected) Message field In the message field, different warnings and messages are displayed. Warning! High voltage is applied to the test terminals. Measurement is running; consider displayed warnings. Conditions on the input terminals allow starting the measurement (TEST key); consider other displayed warnings and messages. Conditions on the input terminals do not allow starting the measurement (TEST key), consider displayed warnings and messages. Test leads resistance in CONTINUITY tests is not compensated, see Chapter for compensation procedure. Test leads resistance in CONTINUITY tests is compensated. RCD tripped-out during the measurement (in RCD functions). Instrument is overheated, the temperature inside the instrument is higher than the safety limit, and measurement is prohibited until the temperature decreases under the allowed limit. Fuse F1 has blown or not inserted (CONTINUITY and EARTH functions). It is possible to store result(s). High electrical noise during measurement. Results may be impaired. Probe resistances Rc or Rp could influence earth resistance result. Low clamp current could influence earth resistance result. 18

19 3.5.4 Result field Pause activated in auto sequence test. Follow required activity for paused test function. Measurement result is inside pre-set limits (PASS). Measurement result is out of pre-set limits (FAIL). Measurement is aborted. Consider displayed warnings and messages Other messages Hard Reset CAL ERROR! Instrument settings and measurement parameters/limits are set to initial (factory) values; for more information refer to chapter Recalling original settings. Service intervention required Sound warnings Periodic sound Warning! Dangerous voltage on the PE terminal is detected. Refer to chapter 5.8 for more information Help Key: HELP Opens help screen. The help menus contains some basic schematic / connection diagrams to illustrate recommended connection of the instrument to the electrical installation and information about the instrument. Pressing the HELP key in single test generates help screen for selected single test function, while in other working menus the voltage system help is displayed first. Keys in help menu: / HELP ESC Select neighbour help screen. Rotates through help screens. Exits help menu. Figure 3.7: Examples of help screen 19

20 3.5.8 Backlight and contrast adjustments With the BACKLIGHT key backlight and contrast can be adjusted. Click Keep pressed for 1 s Keep pressed for 2 s Toggle backlight intensity level. Lock high intensity backlight level until power is turned off or the key is pressed again. Bargraph for LCD contrast adjustment is displayed. Figure 3.8: Contrast adjustment menu Keys for contrast adjustment: Reduces contrast. Increases contrast. TEST Accepts new contrast. ESC Exits without changes. 20

21 3.6 Carrying the instrument With the neck-carrying belt supplied in standard set, various possibilities of carrying the instrument are available. Operator can choose appropriate one on basis of his operation, see the following examples: The instrument hangs around operators neck only - quick placing and displacing. The instrument can be used even when placed in soft carrying bag test cable connected to the instrument through the front aperture. 3.7 Instrument set and accessories Standard set Instrument Soft carrying bag Short instruction manual Product verification data Warranty declaration Declaration of conformity Universal test cable Three test tips Schuko plug commander Three alligator clips Current clamp Power supply adapter CD with instruction manual, handbook Measurements on electric installations in theory and practice, PC software USB interface cable RS232 interface cable Optional accessories See the attached sheet for a list of optional accessories that are available on request from your distributor. 21

22 4 Instrumentests handhavande / Instrument operation 4.1 Huvudmeny / Main menu I Huvudmenyn kan följande väljas. Singel test (see 4.2), Autosekvens (see 4.3), Övriga inställningar (see 4.4). Figure 4.1: Huvudmeny Knappar: / TEST Markerar funktion. Väljer markerad funktion. 4.2 Singel test mätningar. är avsedd för individuella tester och Figure 4.2: Exempel på en singeltest-teckenruta 22

23 Knappfunktioner i singeltestens meny. / Keys in main single test screen: Välj test och/eller mätfunktion. /Select test / measurement function: <SPÄNNING > Spänning, frekvens och fasrotationsriktning. <KONTINUITET> Resistansmätning till på jord och potentialutjämningsledare. <ISOLATION> Isolationsresistansmätning. <Z-LINE> Nätimpedansmätning L/N och L/L. <Z-LOOP> Jordslutningsimpedans (Loop-/Slingimpedans) L/PE. / <JFB/RCD> Test av jordfelsbrytare. <JORD> Jordtagsmätning och resistans till jord (åskledare). <STRÖM> Läckström och lastström med tång (Eurotest-XAS). <SENSOR> Luxmätning (Eurotest-XAS) <VARISTOR TEST> Test av överspänningsskydd (varistor) Följande funktioner är användbara I IT-system (se kapitel 4.4.2): <IMD check> Insulation monitor device testing. <ISFL> Measurement of first fault leakage current. / Väljer sub-funktion (underfunktion) inom vald mätfunktion. TEST Startar vald testfunktion/mätfunktion. TAB Dubbelpilar som växlar till/från parameterfältet. ESC Lämnar singeltestmenyn. MEM Lagrar uppmätta värden /återkallar redan sparade mätvärden.. Knappfunktioner parameter fältet: / Väljer typ av parameter. / Ändrar vald/markerad parameter. TEST, TAB, Växlar tillbaka till singeltestmenyn. ESC Generella regler för att mata in gränsvärden / limits för utvärdering av ett mätresultat.: AV Inget jämförande gränsvärde Gräns Gräns PÅ påslagen funktion PÅ Gränsa Värde minimum / maximum limit värde * * Typ av gränsvärde beror på resp. mätfunktion. Se Kapitel 5 för ytterligare information vid användande av singeltestfunktion. 23

24 4.3 Automatisk testning / Automatic testing är avsedd för automatiskt genomförande av flera fördefinierade mätsekvenser genomförda i logisk följd. Autosekvens meny. Vald autosekvensnummer och namn (frivilligt). Mätsekvensfält. Figure 4.3: Typisk autosekvensbild Test parameterar / fält för beskrivning av autosekvensen. Spara resp. namnge Denna del beskrivs utförligare i den TOLEKAS svenska översättning av manualen med autosekvens / Running auto sequence: Select auto sequence (see 4.3.2). Connect the instrument to tested object as required for the first measurement in the sequence. Press TEST key. The sequence will pause at the functions marked with pause flag II. Comments regarding the paused function will be displayed (optional). _ Press the TAB key to toggle between comments menu and auto sequence main menu. _ If the conditions at input terminals are valid, the test will proceed after pressing the TEST key. _ Press the F1 key to skip the paused function. The test will continue with the next test (if any) or will end. _ Press the ESC key to skip the remaining functions and finish the auto sequence. The set of measurements will be performed in sequential manner until the conditions at input terminals are valid for each individual test. If not, the instrument will stop (the buzzer sounds). The auto sequence will proceed: _ After correct conditions are restored at the input terminal (e.g. by reconnecting, switching on the RCD). _ If pressing the F1 key this function will be skipped. _ By pressing the ESC key to skip the remaining functions and finish the auto sequence. Results of a finished auto sequence can be viewed and stored. See chapter 6. for more information. 24

25 Measurements are marked with one of the following symbol after finished test. Measurement is finished and has failed. Measurement is finished and has passed. Measurement is finished. No comparison limit was applied. Measurement is not performed yet (during test) or was skipped. Overall PASS result is reported if all performed tests passed. Overall FAIL result is reported if one or more performed tests failed. Figure 4.4: Waiting for right input condition to proceed Figure 4.5: Overall PASS example Figure 4.6: Overall FAIL example Auto sequence number main menu In the instrument up to 99 auto sequences can be stored. #3 Auto sequence number. * Indicator that the preset sequence was changed and is not stored yet, the auto sequence can be performed anyway. TEST EXA1 Optional sequence name (see 4.3.4). Indication of locked sequence (see 4.3.2). 25

26 4.3.2 Auto sequence set Keys in main auto sequence menu: TEST Starts the selected test sequence. / Select the test sequence number or measuring function (see 4.3.1). / Select individual sequence step / measuring function. TAB Enters test parameter field (see 4.3.3). ESC Exits auto sequence menu without changes. Enters editor for renaming selected test sequence and entering its F1 description (see 4.3.4). Enters menu for setting pause flag and comments (see 4.3.7). F2 Saves entered test sequence (see 4.3.5). MEM Stores / recalls auto sequence results. Function selection Parameter selection Figure 4.7: Examples of setting up auto sequence For each of 6 predefined sequence steps any of the following measurement function can be selected: voltage, continuity, insulation, Zline, Zloop, RCD and earth. The field can also be left empty (- - -). Test parameters are applied to individual measurements as in the single test. The test parameter menu of selected measurement is available on the right side of the display. The pause II flag holds the auto sequence until prosecution is confirmed with the TEST key. It is recommended to use it if additional checks or reconnections have to be performed before performing the next measurement. The key is indication of locked sequence. This indication appears at predefined sequences that were loaded into the instrument from PC. It is possible to modify locked auto sequences and run them. However, the modified sequence cannot be stored by overwriting. Note: It is recommended to save current auto sequence if modified or new prepared, to keep it during manipulation. 26

27 4.3.3 Test parameters in auto sequence Keys in test parameter menu (in auto sequence): / / TEST, TAB, ESC Select test parameter value or enable / disable parameter. Select test parameter. Return to auto sequence main screen. Whenever a new function is selected for auto sequence its test parameters should be verified and changed to appropriate values / states. Test parameter merging When the prepared sequence from section contains selected at least two of Zline, Zloop, or RCD, is possible to merge test parameters of one function to others of mentioned in the same sequence. Merged parameters are related to: - fuse data, and - RCD data, except start polarity of test current. Additional key in main auto sequence menu with selected Zline, Zloop, or RCD: F2 Merges test parameters. Figure 4.8: Parameter merging possibility Name and description of auto sequence F1 Enters test sequence name menu from auto sequence main menu. Name and description for the selected auto sequence can be added or changed (optional) in this two level menu. Figure 4.9: Auto sequence name menu 27

28 Keys for 1 st level: / Select between name and description field. TEST Returns to auto sequence main menu. F1 Enters editing of selected field (2 nd level). ESC Returns to auto sequence main menu without changes. Figure 4.10: Auto sequence name edit menu Keys for 2 nd level: Highlighted key / / / TEST F1 F2 ESC Figure 4.11: Auto sequence description edit menu Selected symbol or activity. Select symbol or activity. Enters selected symbol or performs selected activity. Deletes last entered symbol in the name line. Confirms name and returns to 1 st level of auto sequence name menu. Returns to 1 st level of auto sequence name menu without changes. 20 characters is the maximum length of the auto sequence name. 100 characters is the maximum length of the auto sequence description Storing auto sequence settings (sequence, number, name) F2 Opens dialog for storing auto sequence settings in auto sequence main menu. The dialog enables storing existing auto sequence settings into different location or overwriting existing. Keys: / TEST ESC Figure 4.12: Store dialog Select the auto sequence number. Confirms the storing. Returns to auto sequence main menu without changes. 28

29 Auto sequence settings are stored in nonvolatile memory. Stored auto sequence procedures remain in memory until the user changes them. It is not possible to store any auto sequence in locked location. Locked auto sequence can be copied in an unlocked location. Stored sequence is unlocked in this case. Figure 4.13: Store dialog for locked sequence Figure 4.14: Failed storing It is possible to unlock all locked sequences if necessary (see for more information) Pause flag and comments in auto sequence The auto sequence holds if a pause flag is associated with the measurement and the pre-defined comment is displayed. When the input conditions are regular, the auto sequence can be continued by pressing the TEST key. Comment appears with the pause Blinking pause flag in main screen Figure 4.15: Examples of screens during the pause in auto sequence Keys: TAB TEST F1 ESC Toggles between comment screen and auto sequence main screen. Continues with the paused test. Skip paused test. Skip all tests and ends auto sequence. 29

30 4.3.7 Setting pause flag and comments Operator of the instrument can prepare comments regarding the measurements. Warnings, reconnection hints or other useful remarks related to the test sequence can be applied this way. F1 Enters pause set-up and comments menu for selected function in auto sequence main menu. Set-up of comments is enabled if pause flag is set to ON. Keys: / / TEST ESC Figure 4.16: Pause set-up menu Enable (ON) / disable (OFF) pause flag. Select between pause flag and comments fields. Confirms pause and comment selection, and returns to auto sequence main menu. Returns to auto sequence main menu without changes. Comments set-up menu enables selection and editing of the pause comment. Keys: Figure 4.17: Comments set-up menu / Select between setup of pause and comment. / Select comment [--- (no comment), #1 #99]. F1 Enters edit comments menu for selected comment number. TEST Confirms pause and comment selection and returns to auto sequence main menu. ESC Returns to auto sequence main menu without changes. 30

31 Comments can be entered and edited in the Edit comments menu. Maximum comment length: 250 characters (including space and new line characters). Keys: Highlighted key / / / TEST F1 F2 ESC Figure 4.18: Comments edit menu Selected symbol or activity. Select symbol or activity. Enters selected symbol or performs selected activity. Deletes last entered symbol in the name line. Confirms comment and returns. Deletes comment (immediately after entering the editor). Returns to auto sequence main menu without changes. Note: It is not possible to overwrite comments associated to locked auto sequences Building an auto sequence The instrument supports up to 99 auto sequences, each consisting of up to 6 steps. It is not necessary that all steps are enabled. The auto sequence can be prepared in the following ways: By storing the existing auto sequence under another auto sequence number (see 4.3.5), By changing an existing auto sequence and saving it under the same auto sequence number (not possible for locked auto sequence), By building a new auto sequence. Building a new auto sequence In the main menu (see 4.1) select auto sequence. Press the TEST key. Select auto sequence number (see 4.3.2). Repeat until finished (maximum 6 steps): _ Select auto sequence step (see 4.3.2). _ Select auto sequence function (see 4.3.2). _ Select auto sequence test parameters of the function (see 4.3.3). _ Set / reset pause flag II and select or create new comment if necessary (see 4.3.7). Name (or rename) the auto sequence and enter its description (see 4.3.4). Save prepared auto sequence (see 4.3.5). 31

32 Example of building an auto sequence Figure 4.19: Blank auto sequence A house installation wall socket protected with fuse (type gg, In = 6 A, td = 5 s) and RCD (type AC, I ΔN = 30 ma) shall be tested. The following measurements must be performed: Equipotential bonding resistance of PE terminal to main PE collector (R 0.1 Ω), Insulation resistances between L N, L PE and N PE (U = 500 V, R 1 MΩ), Voltages on the socket, Line impedance with fuse verification, RCD trip-out time at nominal current, RCD trip-out time at increased current (5 x I ΔN ). The name of test sequence number 10 is Sock. 6A / 30mA(AC). Description of the test sequence is: Verification of wall socket, protected with fuse and RCD. For the measurement the following conditions shall apply: Equipotential bonding resistance and insulation resistance measurement has to be performed on de-energized socket; Equipotential bonding resistance test (see figure 5.6) should be performed with the universal test cable and extension lead; Insulation resistance test should be performed with the plug cable or commander (see figures 5.2 and 5.3); Other tests have to be applied on energized test socket with the plug cable or commander (see figures 5.12, 5.21 and 5.25). Example: Item/keys Auto sequence, TEST 4.1 Chapter reference Comment Selection of auto sequence operation in main menu. / Selection of test sequence number 10. F Enter into sequence name editing menu. F Enter the sequence name editor. Sock. 6A / 30mA(AC) Enter the name of auto sequence. F Accept name and exit into sequence name editing menu Select description of test field. F Enter the description of test editor. 32

33 Verification of wall socket, protected with fuse and RCD F Enter the description. Accept description and exit into sequence name editing menu. TEST Exit sequence name editing menu. 4.3 Enter into sequence field. / Select CONTINUITY. TAB Enter test parameter selection mode. TEST R200mA Set test parameters for equipotential bonding Limit ON 5.2 resistance. Limit 0.1Ω TAB Exit parameter mode. F Set PAUSE (wait to prepare for measurement). / Set PAUSE: ON Select COMMENT Select COMMENT: #1. F Enter Edit comment menu. Disconnect mains, Enter the comment. univ. cable + ext. F Save the comment # Select COMMENT: #2. F Enter Edit comment menu. Commander Enter the comment. F Save the comment # Select COMMENT: #3. F Enter Edit comment menu. Connect mains Enter the comment. F Save the comment # Select COMMENT: #4. F Enter Edit comment menu. Turn ON RCD Enter the comment. F Save the comment #4. (3 x) Select COMMENT: #1. TEST Confirm selected pause and its comment. 4.3 Next step. / Select INSULATION. TAB Enter test parameter selection mode. TEST ALL UISO 500 V Limit ON 5.1 Setting test parameters for insulation resistance. Limit 1MΩ TAB Exit parameter mode. F Set PAUSE (wait to reconnect measuring leads). / Set PAUSE: ON Select COMMENT. (2 x) Select COMMENT: #2. TEST Confirm selected pause and its comment. 4.3 Next step. / Select VOLTAGE. 33

34 F Set PAUSE (wait to connect mains voltage). / Set PAUSE: ON Select COMMENT. (3 x) Select COMMENT: #3. TEST Confirm selected pause and its comment. 4.3 Next step. / Select Z-LINE. TAB Enter test parameter selection mode. FUSE type gg FUSE I 6A 5.5 FUSE T 5s TAB Exit parameter mode. 4.3 Next step. / Select RCD. TAB Enter test parameter selection mode. Set test parameters for line impedance and fuse test. TEST Tripout current Test parameters for RCD trip-out current test Idn 30mA 5.3 (results of this test are also contact voltage at I type G Δ and trip out time). Ulim 50V TAB Exit parameter mode. 4.3 Next step. F Set PAUSE (wait to activate RCD). / Set PAUSE: ON Select COMMENT. (4 x) Select COMMENT: #4. TEST Confirm selected pause and its comment. / Select RCD. TAB Enter test parameter selection mode. TEST Tripout time t Idn 30mA type G 5.3 MUL x5 Ulim 50V TAB Exit parameter mode. (6 x) 4.3 Exit the editing of sequence field. F Store prepared test sequence. TEST Confirm storing. Test parameters for RCD trip out time test at 5I ΔN (result of this test is also contact voltage at I ΔN ). Figure 4.20: Auto sequence screen of the example above 34

35 4.4 Övriga inställningar / Miscellaneous Olika inställningar kan ställas in meny (ÖVRIGA INSTÄLLNINGAR). Följande inställningar: Val av språk, Val av nättyp, Återkalla eller radera sparade mätningar, Ställa in datum och tid, Välja COM-port, Återställa instrumentet till fabriksinställda förval etc., Välja/starta kabelsökningsfunktionen, Välja / skriva in användare. Knappar: / / / Markerar en funktion. TEST Väljer en funktion. ESC Åter till huvudmenyn. Figure 4.21: Val i ÖVRIGA INSTÄLLNINGAR Välj språk / Language Flera språk finns tillgängliga i instrumentet t.ex. svenska översatt av TOLEKA AB. Keys: / TEST ESC Markerar / väljer ett språk. Konfirmerar valt språk samt återgår till inställningsmenyn. Lämnar menyn utan ändringar. Figure 4.22: Val av språk 35

36 4.4.2 Val av nät, Ik-faktor (beräknad kortslutningsström) och JFB-standard. I menyn Typ av nät kan följande inställningar/val utföras: Typ av nät Ställ in Ik/Iscfaktor JFB testning Nätsystem. Korrektionsfaktor vid beräkning av Ik JFB normer att följa. Knappval: / / TEST ESC Typ av nät Välj / markera inställningstyp. Ändra. Accepterar ändrat val. Lämnar menyn utan ändringar.. Figure 4.23: System parametrar Följande nätsystem finns att välja: TT / TN (jordade systems), IT (isolerade ifrån jord), 110 V reducerad lågspänning (2 x 55 V center tap grounded), 110 V reducerad lågspänning (3 x 63 V three phase, star center grounded). TN, TT och IT system finns definierade i standarden EN V reducerade lågspänningsnät finns definierade i BS Läs i Appendix D för ytterligare info beträffande IT-nät. Läs i Appendix E för ytterligare info beträffande 110 V reducerade lågspänningsnät. Ställ in Ik/Isc-faktor - ksc Den beräknade kortslutningsströmmen Ik (Isc) är viktig för att kunna välja rätt skydd (säkring, brytare, jordfelsbrytare etc.) Det förvalda värdet på kortslutningsströmmens faktor (ksc) är 1,0. Du kan ändra värdet mellan 0,2 till 3.0 beroende på lokala regler och kvalitet på nät. I Sverige rekommenderar SEK värdet till 0,67 vid jordslutningsimpedans (L/PE). Vid mätning mellan 2 faser för att erhålla Ik2 skall denna faktor vara inställd på 1,0. Ik2 kan därefter multipliceras med 1,15 för att erhålla Ik3 36

37 JFB testning (normative referenser ) / RCD normative references Högsta utlösningstid för jordfelsbrytare i olika standarder. Utlösningstider för olika standarder är: Trip-out times according to EN / EN 61009: *) _ I ΔN I ΔN 2 I ΔN 5 I ΔN General RCDs (non-delayed) t Δ > 300 ms t Δ < 300 ms t Δ < 150 ms t Δ < 40 ms Selective RCDs (time-delayed) t Δ > 500 ms 130 ms < t Δ < 500 ms 60 ms < t Δ < 200 ms 50 ms < t Δ < 150 ms Trip-out times according to EN : *) _ I ΔN I ΔN 2 I ΔN 5 I ΔN General RCDs (non-delayed) t Δ > 999 ms t Δ < 999 ms t Δ < 150 ms t Δ < 40 ms Selective RCDs (time-delayed) t Δ > 999 ms 130 ms < t Δ < 999 ms 60 ms < t Δ < 200 ms 50 ms < t Δ < 150 ms Trip-out times according to BS 7671: *) _ I ΔN I ΔN 2 I ΔN 5 I ΔN General RCDs (non-delayed) t Δ > 1999 ms t Δ < 300 ms t Δ < 150 ms t Δ < 40 ms Selective RCDs (time-delayed) t Δ > 1999 ms 130 ms < t Δ < 500 ms 60 ms < t Δ < 200 ms 50 ms < t Δ < 150 ms Trip-out times according to AS/NZ **) : *) _ I ΔN I ΔN 2 I ΔN 5 I ΔN RCD type I ΔN [ma] t Δ t Δ t Δ t Δ Note I ms 40 ms 40 ms II > > 999 ms 300 ms 150 ms 40 ms III > ms 150 ms 40 ms Maximum break time IV S > 30 > 999 ms 500 ms 200 ms 150 ms 130 ms 60 ms 50 ms Minimum non-actuating time *) Minimum test period for current of _ I ΔN, RCD shall not trip-out. **) Test current and measurement accuracy correspond to AS/NZ requirements. Maximum test times related to selected test current for general (non-delayed) RCD Standard _ I ΔN I ΔN 2 I ΔN 5 I ΔN EN / EN ms 300 ms 150 ms 40 ms EN ms 1000 ms 150 ms 40 ms BS ms 300 ms 150 ms 40 ms AS/NZ (I, II, III) 1000 ms 1000 ms 150 ms 40 ms Maximum test times related to selected test current for selective (time-delayed) RCD Standard _ I ΔN I ΔN 2 I ΔN 5 I ΔN EN / EN ms 500 ms 200 ms 150 ms EN ms 1000 ms 200 ms 150 ms BS ms 500 ms 200 ms 150 ms AS/NZ (IV) 1000 ms 1000 ms 200 ms 150 ms 37

38 4.4.3 Minne / Memory I denna meny, kan lagrade data hämtas, läsas samt raderas. Se kapitel 6 för ytterliggare information. Knappval: / ESC TEST Markerar funktion. Lämnar denna funktion. Väljer markerad funktion. Figure 4.24: Memory options Ställ in datum och tid / Date and time Inställning av datum och tid. Keys: / ESC TEST Figure 4.25: Setting date and time Markerar det fält som skall ändras. Ändrar I aktuellt fält. Lämnar datum och tid utan att ändra Konfirmerar ändrade datum och tid samt lämnar fältet. 38

39 4.4.5 Grundinställningar / Initial settings Du återgår till fabriksinställda inställningar, parametrar och gränsvärden i denna meny Knappval: TEST Återställer till fabriksinställningar. ESC Lämnar menyn utan ändringar. F2 Öppnar övriga inställningar (2). Figure 4.26: Initial settings dialogue Varning / Warning: Dina egna autosekvenser, inställningar och parametrar raderas! Lista over fabriksinställda förval visas nedan: Instrument inställning Förvalt värde ifrån fabrik / Default value Kontrast Definierad och lagrad enligt justeringsprocedur. Ik/Isc faktor (kortslutningsfaktor) 1.00 Typ av nät TN / TT JFB / RCD standards EN / EN COM port RS 232 Språk Language Svenska översatt av TOLEKA AB Funktion / Function Subfunktion/ Sub-function KONTINUITET R LOWΩ KONTINUITET ISOLATION Z - LINE Z - LOOP JFB/RCD Parameter / gränsvärde (limit value) R 200 ma Övre gränsvärde resistans: AV / OFF Övre gränsvärde resistans: AV / OFF Nominell test spänning: 500 V Undre gränsvärde resistans: AV / OFF Vald testsladdskombination: L/N Säkringstyp: Ej vald Skydd: Säkring / Fuse Säkringstyp: Ej vald JFBt/RCD t (tid) Nominellt JFB värde: I ΔN =30 ma JFB typ: G Testströmmens statpolaritet: (0 ) Beröringsspänning: 50 V Ström-multiplikator: 1 39

40 Jordressistans 3-ledare / 3-wire En tang / One clamp Två tänger / Two clamps Ström / Current Sensor (Lux) / illumination Adapters 2 Ω line/loop impedance IMD test ISFL Varistor test 3-ledare / 3-wire Gränsvärde: AV / Limit value: OFF Gränsvärde: AV / Limit value: OFF Gränsvärde: AV / Limit value: OFF Gränsvärde: AV / Limit value: OFF Gränsvärde: AV / Limit value: OFF mω L-N Säkringstyp: Ej vald Gränsvärde: AV / Limit value: OFF Gränsvärde: AV / Limit value: OFF Undre gränsvärde / Lo limit: 300 V Övre gränsvärde / Hi limit: 400 V Övriga inställningar (F2) / Other settings F2 Meny som låser upp skyddade autosekvenser och kommentarer. Skyddsflagga (knapp) för alla förvalda autotestsekvenser och kommentarer kommer att tömmas. / Protection flag (key) for all default auto test sequences and associated comments will be cleared. Knappval: TEST ESC Öppnar låsta autotestsekvenser. Lämnar menyn utan ändringar. Figure 4.27: Other settings dialogue Kommunikationsport / Communication port Här väljer du kommunikationsport (RS232 eller USB). / The communication port (RS232 or USB) can be selected in this menu. Figure 4.28: Communication port selection Knappval: / Val av kommunikation port. TEST Konfirmerar vald port. ESC Lämnar menyn utan ändringar. OBS! Endast en port kan vara aktiverad. 40

41 4.4.7 Kabelsökare / Locator Denna function möjliggör kabel och ledningssökning.. Knappval: TEST ESC Startar sändarfunktionen. Avbryter och återgår. Se kapitel 5.11 Kabelsökning Operatör / Användare / Operator I denna meny kan en eller flera användare registreras. Valt användarnamn visas längst ned i fönstret. Detta namn blir relaterat till lagrade mätresultat. Upp till 5 användare kan registreras. T.ex.: TOLEKA AB Användare 1 TOLEKA AB Användare 2 5 Knappval: / TEST ESC F1 Markera / välj operatör / användare. Acceptera markerad användare. Avbryter och återgår utan ändringar. Matar in användarens namn. Figure 4.29: Operator menu Operatörens namn kan matas in eller ändras. Maximum 15 bokstäver kan matas in som en operatör / ett användarnamn. Knappval: Svartmarkering / / / TEST F1 F2 ESC Figure 4.30: Operator name edit menu Utvald symbol, bokstav eller aktivitet. Växlar / byter markerad bokstav. Väljer svartmarkerad symbol, bokstav eller aktivitet Raderar den senaste symbolen, bokstaven eller aktiviteten Bekräftar och återgår till operatörsmenyn Raderar en användare. Återgår till operatörens huvudmeny utan ändringar. 41

42 5 Mätningar / Measurements 5.1 Isolationsresistans / Insulation resistance Mätning av isolationsresistans utförs för att i förebyggande syfte skydda sig mot elektriska chockar p.g.a dålig isolation. Deta beskrivs i standarden EN Typiska användningsområden är: Isolationsresistans mellan 2 ledare i en installation. Isolationsresistans i icke konduktiva rum (väggar och golv). Isolationsresistans på jordkabel. / Insulation resistance of ground cables, Resistans i halv-konduktiva (antistatiska) golv. Se kapitel 4.2 Single test för funktioner och knappval. Test parameterar vid mätning av isolationresistans Figure 5.1: Insulation resistance TEST Testfunktion [L-N, L-PE, N-PE, L-PE,N-PE, L-N,L-PE, ALLA] Uiso Testspänning [50 V, 100 V, 250 V, 500 V, 1000 V] Gräns Minimum isolationsresistans [AV, 0.01 MΩ 200 MΩ, ( L-PE,N-PE, L-N,L-PE, ALL: 20 MΩ)] Anslutningsexempel / Test circuits for insulation resistance L1 L2 L3 N PE mains voltage switched off L/L1 N/L2 PE/L3 closed switches loads disconnected Figure 5.2: Connection of universal test cable for general insulation resistance measurement (TEST: L-PE) 42

43 L1 L2 L3 N PE mains voltage switched off N/L2 PE/L3 L/L1 N PE L loads disconnected Figure 5.3: Application of plug commander and / or universal test cable for insulation resistance measurement (TESTS: L-PE,N-PE, L-N,L-PE, ALL) Mätprocedur vid isolationsresistansmätning Välj funktionen ISOLATION. Ställ in parametrar. Aktivera ev. gränsvärde (frivilligt). Koppla ur den del som skall testas ifrån nätspänning. (ladda ur testad isolation). Anslut testsladdar till instrumentet samt mätobjektet (se figur 5.2 och 5.3). Tryck in TEST knappen (och håll den intryckt tills ett stabilt värde erhålls). Efter avslutad mätning vänta till mätobjektet är urladdat.. Spara mätresultatet (frivilligt). Figure 5.4: Examples of insulation resistance measurement results Visade mätresultat / Displayed results: Rln... Isolationsresistans mellan L (+) och N (-). Rlpe... Isolationsresistans mellan L (+) och PE (-). Rnpe... Isolationsresistans mellan N (+) och PE (-). Um... Testspänning(ar) aktuellt värde(n). OBS! / Note: Följ korrekt test som indikeras i spänningsfönstret, anslutningen som visas när isolationsprovning valts.om bara två testkablar ansluts och L- N, L-PE eller N-PE valts så används de tekniska specifikationerna för Isolationsresistans ALLA. 43

44 5.2 Kontinuitet / Resistans till jord och potentialutjämning / Resistance to earth connection and equipotential bonding Denna test är till för att säkerställa effektiviteten hos skyddsledare etc. mot elektrisk chock. Två underfunktioner kan väljas.: Kontinuitetsresistansmätning på skyddsledare enligt EN (200 ma), Kontinutetsresistansmätning med låg testström (7 ma) motsvarande en summer. Se kapitel 4.2 Single test för funktioner och knappval. Test parametrar vid kontinuitet Figure 5.5: Continuity TEST Kontinuitestresistansmätningens sub-funktioner [R200mA, R7mA] Gräns Maximum resistans [AV, 0.1 Ω 20.0 Ω] Kontinuitet R200 ma / Continuity R200 ma measurement Mätningen av resistansvärdet utförs med vändande av spänningens polaritet. Anslutningsexempel / Test circuit for Continuity R200mA measurement MPEC...Main Potential Equilizing Collector PCC...Protection Conductor Collector PCC3 N/L2 PCC1 PCC2 MPEC PE/L3 L/L1 extension lead Figure 5.6: Connection of universal test cable plus optional extension lead 44

45 Kontinuitestsresistansmätning på skyddsledare samt vid potentialutjämning. Välj KONTINUITET funktion. Välj sub-function R200mA. Aktivera och ställ in önskat gränsvärde (frivilligt). Anslut mätsladdar till instrumentet. Nollkompensera testsladdarnas resistans (om nödvändigt). Gör spänningslöst samt ev. ladda ur en testad installationsdel. Anslut testsladdarna till lämplig PE-anslutning (se figur 5.6). Tryck på TEST knappen för mätning. Efter utförd mätning kan mätvärdet sparas (frivilligt). Figure 5.7: Example of continuity R200mA result Visat resultat: R... Huvudresistansmätvärdet R200mA (medel av R+ och R- resultat), R+... R200mA sub-resistans med positiv spänning på N, R-... R200mA sub-resistans med positiv spänning på PE, ma resistans mätning / 7 ma resistance measurement Denna test fungerar som en generell Ω-meter med låg testström. Mätningen utförs utan polvändning. Denna test kan även användas på induktiva komponenter. Anslutningsexempel / Test circuit for continuous resistance measurement N/L2 PE/L3 L/L1 R y S z T x Figure 5.8: Universal test cable application 45

46 Kontinuerlig resistansmätning / Continuous resistance measurement procedure Välj KONTINUITET funktion. Välj sub-function R7mA. Aktivera och ställ in önskat gränsvärde (frivilligt). Anslut mätsladdar till instrumentet. Nollkompensera testsladdarnas resistans (om nödvändigt). Gör spänningslöst samt ev. ladda ur en testad installationsdel. Anslut testsladdarna till lämplig PE-anslutning (se figur 5.8). Tryck på TEST knappen för mätning. Tryck på TEST knappen för att avsluta en mätning. Efter utförd mätning kan mätvärdet sparas (frivilligt). Figure 5.9: Example of continuous resistance measurement Visat resultat: R... Resistans Nollkompensering av mätsladdar / Compensation of test leads resistance Här beskriver vi hur man nollkompenserar mätsladdarnas resistans som kan användas vid båda KONTINUITETSMÄTNINGARNA. Denna nollkompensering krävs för att eliminera påverkan av testsladdarnas resistans samt instrumentets interna resistans. Detta är viktigt för att erhålla rätt mätvärde.kompensationens status visas i teckenrutans meddelandedel. ( / ). Knappval: För dig till LEADS CALIBRATION där nollkompensation av mätsladdarna för F1 nämnda funktioner kan genomföras. Se kapitel 4.2 Single test för funktioner och knappval. Ytterliggare knappar: Figure 5.8: Test leads resistance compensation menu 46

47 TEST Utför nollkompensationen av mätsladdarna. Instrumentet innehåller följande kompensationer: Samma kompensation för både 7 ma and 200 ma mätningar. Kortslut N och PE anslutningarna. Exempel / Circuits for compensating the resistance of test leads PE/L3 PE/L3 PE/L3 N/L2 N/L2 N/L2 extension lead Figure 5.9: Shorted test leads Procedur / Compensation of test leads resistance procedure Välj KONTINUITET funktion (valfri). Anslut mätsladdar till instrumentet och kortstlut dom (se figur 5.9). Tryck på F1 knappen för att öppna menyn för nollkompensering/kalibrering. Tryck på TEST knappen för att mäta och nollkompensera mätsladdarna. Tryck på ESC knappen för att åtegå till funktionsmenyn. OBS!: 20 Ω är högsta värde för nollkompensering av mätsladdar. 47

48 5.3 Testa Jordfelsbrytare JFB (RCD) / Testing RCDs Olika tester och mätningar krävs för att säkerställa och verifiera funktionen på jordfelsbrytare (JFB/RCD). Mätningarna är baserade på standarden EN TOLEKA AB i samråd med sina utbildningsföretag i installationskontroll rekomenderar att du alltid utför en autotest följt av utlösningsström (trappstegstest som visar både tid och ström). Följande mätningar och tester (sub-funktioner) kan utföras: Beröringsspänning (Ub) / Contact voltage (Uc), Utlösningstid (t) / Trip-out time (t), Utlösningsström (I ΔN ) / Trip-out current (I ΔN ) Autotest / RCD autotest. Se kapitel 4.2 Single test för funktioner och knappval. Figure 5.11: RCD test Testparametrar vid test och mätning på jordfelsbrytare (JFB/RCD) TEST Idn JFB sub-funktioner [Utlösningstid t, Ub/Uc, AUTO, Utlösningsström]. Nominellt värde på jordfelsbrytarens strömkänslighet I ΔN [ Du kan välja:10 ma, 30 ma, 100 ma, 300 ma, 500 ma, 1000 ma]. typ JFB typ [, ], testströmmens vågform samt start polaritet [,,,,, ]. MUL Aktuell testström (multiplikator) i relation till nom. ström Idn [1/2, 1, 2, 5]. Ulim Max. beröringsspännings gränsvärde [25 V, 50 V]. Instrumentet är avsett för att testa Generella (utan fördröjning) och S elektiva (tidsfördröjda) JFBs, avsedda/lämpliga för: Alternerande utlösningsström / växelström (AC typ, märkta med symbol), Pulserande utlösningsström (A typ, märkta med symbol). DC-utlösningsström / likström (B typ, märkta med symbol). Tidsfördröjda JFBs ger en fördröjd utlösningskarraktäristik. De innehåller en utlösningsteknik som ger en fördröjd utlösning. Men beröringsspänningen som är vald I testen påverkar även JFB och det dröjer innan idealiska mätförhållanden gäller. Därför lägger man in en tidsfördröjning på 30 s innan man kan utföra en test. / Time delayed RCDs demonstrate delayed response characteristics. They contain residual current integrating mechanism for generation of delayed trip out. However, contact voltage pre-test in the measuring procedure also influences the RCD and it takes a period to recover into idle state. Time delay of 30 s is inserted before performing trip-out test to recover RCD after pretests. 48

49 Anslutningsexempel / Circuits for testing RCD L1 L2 L3 N PE L/L1 N/L2 PE/L3 N PE L Ro RE Figure 5.12: Connecting the plug commander and the universal test cable Beröringsspänning JFB Ub / Contact voltage (RCD Uc) En ström som förekommer i PE-ledaren orsakar spänningsfall på jordresistansen, t.ex. spänningsdifferans mellan potentialutjämningsledaren och jord. Denna spänning finns närvarande i alla konduktiva ledare som finns anslutna till PE. Denna skall alltid vara lägre än den konventionella gränsen för säkerhetsspänning / beröringsspänning (Ub). Beröringsspänningen mäts med en testström som är lägre än 1/2 I ΔN för att undvika att lösa ut jordfelsbrytaren och därefter normaliserad till märkt I ΔN. Mätprocedur vid mätning av beröringsspänning (Ub/Uc) Välj JFB/RCD funktion. Välj sub-funktion Ub/Uc. Ställ in parametrar (om nödvändigt). Anslut mätsladdar till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdar till mätobjektet (se figur 5.12). Tryck på TEST knappen. När mätningen är slutförd, spara mätresultatet (vid behov). Visad beröringsspänning är proportionell till den valda nominella utlösningströmmen på JFBn multiplicerad med lämplig faktor. En vanlig faktor är 1,05 som påförs för att undvika negativa toleranser på mätresultatet. Se tabell 5.1 för en mer detaljerad information. JFB typ Beröringsspänningen Ub i proportion till Märkström I ΔN AC G 1.05 I ΔN AC S I ΔN any A G I ΔN A S I ΔN 30 ma A G I ΔN A S I ΔN < 30 ma B G I ΔN B S I ΔN any Table 5.1: Relationship between Uc and I ΔN 49

50 Loop resistansen resultat är indikativt och kan kalyleras ifrån mätvärdet på Ub (utan UC tillkommande proportionsfaktorer) enligt: RL =. I ΔN Figure 5.13: Example of contact voltage measurement results Visade resultat: Ub/Uc.. Beröringsspänning. Rl... Fel loop resistans Utlösningstid (t) / Trip-out time (t) Utlösningstiden mäts och verifieras i känsligheten hos en JFB vid olika utlösningsströmmar. / Trip-out time measurement verifies the sensitivity of an RCD at different residual currents. Mätprocedur vid JFB/RCD utösningstid Välj JFB/RCD funktion. Välj sub-funktion utlösningstid (t). Ställ in parametrar (om nödvändigt). Anslut mätsladdar till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdar till mätobjektet (se figur 5.12). Tryck på TEST knappen. När mätningen är slutförd, spara mätresultatet (vid behov). Figure 5.14: Example of trip-out time measurement results Visade mätresultat: t... Utlösningstid, Uc... Beröringsspänning vid nom. ström I ΔN. 50

51 OBS!: Se RCD normative reference för val av lämplig standard Utlösningsström (trappstegstest visar både tid och ström) / Trip-out current En kontinuerligt stigande testström används för att testa tröskelvärdet för känsligheten hos jordfelsbrytaren. Instrumentet ökar testströmmen beroende på typ av JFB etc. i små steg enligt följande: Testområde JFB typ Vågform Startvärde Slutvärde AC 0.2 I ΔN 1.1 I ΔN Sinus A (I ΔN 30 ma) 0.2 I ΔN 1.5 I ΔN Pulsad A (I ΔN = 10 ma) 0.2 I ΔN 2.2 I ΔN B 0.2 I ΔN 2.2 I ΔN DC Maximum testström är I Δ (utlösningsströmmen) eller slutvärdet i de fall JFB ej löser ut. Mätprocedur vid test av utlösningsström Välj JFB/RCD funktion. Välj sub-funktion utlösningsström. Ställ in parametrar (om nödvändigt). Anslut mätsladdar till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdar till mätobjektet (se figur 5.12). Tryck på TEST knappen. När mätningen är slutförd, spara mätresultatet (vid behov). Trip-out After the RCD is turned on again Figure 5.15: Trip-out current measurement result example Visade mätresultat: I... Utlösningsström, Uci... Beröringsspänning vid utlösningsströmmen I, eller slutvärdet om JFB ej löst ut, t... Utlösningstiden. 51

52 5.3.4 Automatisk JFB-test med JFB/RCD AUTO / RCD Autotest JFB autotest är avsedd för att genomföra en komplett funktionstest hos en JFB samt mätning av tillhörande parametrar (beröringsspänning, fel-loop resistans, och utlösningstid vid olika testströmmar). Autotesten utförs i en följd av automatiska tester där du blir guidad av instrumentet. Om någon parameter ej uppfylls under testen så måste ytterligare felsökning utföras eller JFB bytas ut. Mätprocedur vid en automatisk test med JFB/RCD AUTO JFB Autotest steg Anmärkningar Välj RCD funktion. Välj sub-funktion AUTO. Ställ in parametrar (om nödvändigt). Anslut mätsladdar till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdar till mätobjektet (se figur 5.12). Tryck på TEST knappen. Testproceduren startar Test med 1/2 I ΔN, 0 (step 1). JFB får ej lösa ut Test med 1/2 I ΔN, 180 (step 2). JFB får ej lösa ut Test med I ΔN, 0 (step 3). JFB måste lösa ut Användaren återställer JFB. Test med I ΔN, 180 (step 4). JFB måste lösa ut Användaren återställer JFB. Test med 5 I ΔN, 0 (step 5). JFB måste lösa ut Användaren återställer JFB.. Test med 5 I ΔN, 180 (step 6). JFB måste lösa ut Användaren återställer JFB. Avbockad test = OK När mätningen är genomförd kan samtliga mätvärden Testen är genomförd sparas (vid behov). 52

53 Exempel: Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Visade resultat: Step 5 Step 6 Figure 5.16: Individual steps in RCD autotest... Steg 1 utlösningstid (1/2 IΔN, 0º),... Steg 2 utlösningstid (1/2 IΔN, 180º),... Steg 3 utlösningstid (IΔN, 0º),... Steg 4 utlösningstid (IΔN, 180º),... Steg 5 utlösningstid (5 IΔN, 0º),... Steg 6 utlösningstid (5 IΔN, 180º), Uc... Beröringsspänning vid testdelens resp. IΔN. OBS!: Autotesten avbryts omedelbart om ett mätvärde är felaktigt. Autotesten avslutas utan tester om JFB typ A med märkström IΔn = 300 ma, 500 ma, and 1000 ma testas. Testen är OK och och utesluts. 53

54 5.4 Z-LOOP, Jordslutningsimpedans (Loop-/Slingimpedans) och beräkning av kortslutningsström / Fault loop impedance and prospective fault current Jordslutningsimpedans är slingan till transformatorn, ledarna och återledningen via PE. Instrumentet har förmågan att mäta impedansen i denna krets samt beräkna kortslutningsströmmen och beröringsspänningen oavsett val av skyddsbrytare. Mätningen utförs enligt standarden EN Se kapitel 4.2 Single test för funktioner och knappval. Figure 5.17: Fault loop impedance Testparametrar vid jordslutningsimpedans (mellan L/PE) Skydd Vilket huvudskydd finns i kretsen [JFB, SÄKRING]* Säkringstyp Välj säkringstyp [---, NV, Gg, B, C, K, D] ** Säkring I Säkringens nom. strömvärde. Säkring T. Maximum utlösningstid för vald säkring Ik/Isc_lim Minimum kortslutningsström för vald säkringskombination. Se Appendix A för referensdata gällande säkringar. * Välj JFB/RCD om du vill undvika utlösning av JFB i en JFB-skyddad installation. ** --- Innebär att ingen säkringstyp är vald. Anslutningsexempel / Circuits for measurement of fault loop impedance L1 L2 L3 N PE N/L2 PE/L3 L/L1 N PE L Ro RE Figure 5.18: Connection of plug cable and universal test cable Mätprocedur vid Z-LOOP, jordslutningsimpedans (L/PE) Välj Z-LOOP funktion. Välj parametrar (frivilligt). 54

55 Anslut mätsladdar till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdar till mätobjektet (se figur 5.18). Tryck på TEST knappen. När mätningen är utförd spara mätresultatet (vid behov). Figure 5.19: Examples of loop impedance measurement result Visade resultat: Z... Jordslutningsimpedans, ISC... Förväntad kortslutningsström, R... Resistiv del av jordslutningsimpedansen, Xl... Reaktiv del av jordslutningsimpedansen. Den förväntade kortslutningsströmmen I SC beräknas enligt: Un ksc I SC = Z där: Un...Nominell U L-PE spänning (se tabell nedan), ksc...korrektionsfaktor (säkerhetsfaktor) för Ik/Isc (se kapitel 4.4.2). U n Spänningsområde (L-PE) 115 V (100 V U L-PE < 160 V) 230 V (160 V U L-PE 264 V) OBS!: Stora variationer på spänningen påverkar mätresultatet. Störningssymbolen visas i teckenrutans informationfält I dessa fall. Repetera mätningen. Ik/Isc blir ej kalkylerad om spänningsmonitorn inte känner av spänning som motsvarar det valda nätet. Symbolen visas. Denna mätning löser ut jordfelsbrytaren i JFB-skyddade installationer om SÄKRING är vald som skydd: 55

56 5.5 Nätimpedans L/N eller L/L, och förväntad kortslutningsström / Line impedance and prospective short-circuit current Nätimpedans mäts med spänning mellan L/N (eller L/L) enligt standarden EN Se kapitel 4.2 Single test för funktioner och knappval. Figure 5.20: Line impedance Testparametrar vid nätimpedansmätning (L/N, L/L) Säkrings typ Välj säkringstyp [---, NV, Gg, B, C, K, D] * Säkring I Säkringens nom. strömvärde. Säkring T Maximum utlösningstid för vald säkring Ik/Isc_lim Minimum kortslutningsström för vald säkringskombination. Se Appendix A för referensdata gällande säkringar. *--- Innebär att ingen säkringstyp är vald. Anslutningsexempel vid mätning av nätimpedans (L/N, L/L) L1 L2 L3 N PE N/L2 PE/L3 L/L1 L/L1 N/L2 PE/L3 N PE L Ro RE Figure 5.21: Phase-neutral or phase-phase line resistance measurement OBSERVERA FEL I BILDEN: Mätning mellan Fas-Nolla eller Fas-Fas. OBS! Vid mätning mellan fas/fas så ansluts: Svart sladd till L1, blå sladd till L2 resp. grön sladd till L3. Impedansen mäts och kortslutningsströmmen visas mellan svart och blå sladd (L1/L2). Du erhåller Ik2. Multiplicera Ik2 med 1,15 = Ik3. Önskar du mäta mellan övriga faser så växla om sladdarna. Vid inställning av justeringsfaktor för korslutningsström rekommenderar SEK värdet till 0,67 vid jordslutningsimpedans (L/PE). Vid mätning mellan 2 faser för att erhålla Ik2 skall denna faktor vara inställd på förslagsvis 1,0. Ik2 kan därefter multipliceras med 1,15 för att erhålla Ik3 (beräknad kortslutningsström mellan 3 faser). 56

57 Mätprocedur vid mätning av nätimpedans (L/N, L/L) Välj Z-LINE funktion. Välj parametrar (frivilligt). Anslut mätsladdar till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdar till mätobjektet (se figur 5.18). Tryck på TEST knappen. När mätningen är utförd spara mätresultatet (vid behov). Line to neutral Line to line Figure 5.22: Examples of line impedance measurement result Visade mätresultat: Z... Nätimpedans L/N, L/L (förimpedans), ISC... Förväntad kortslutningsström, R... Resistiv del av impedansen, XL... Reaktiv del av impedansen. Förväntad kortslutningsström beräknas enligt: Un ksc I SC = Z där: Un...Nominell L-N eller L1-L2 spänning (se tabell nedan), ksc...korrektionsfaktor (säkerhetsfaktor) för Ik/Isc (se kapitel 4.4.2). U n Spänningsområde (L-N or L1-L2) 115 V (100 V U L-N < 160 V) 230 V (160 V U L-N 264 V) 400 V (264 V < U L-N 440 V) OBS!: Stora variationer på spänningen påverkar mätresultatet. Störningssymbolen visas i teckenrutans informationfält i dessa fall. Repetera mätningen. Ik/Isc blir ej kalkylerad om spänningsmonitorn inte känner av spänning som motsvarar det valda nätet. Symbolen visas. 57

58 5.6 Spänning, frekvens och fasföljd. / Voltage, frequency and phase sequence Spännings och frekvensmätning är ständigt aktiverad i teckenrutan. I funktionsvalet spänning visas spänning och frekvens samt förhållandet mellan anslutna faser som även kan sparas i minnet. Fassekvensen mäts enligt standarden EN Se kapitel 4.2 Single test för funktioner och knappval. Parametrar vid mätning av spänning. Det finns inga parametrar att välja. Figure 5.23: Voltage in single phase system Anslutningsexempel vid spänningsmätning L3 L2 L1 N PE PE/L3 N/L2 L/L1 PE/L3 N/L2 L/L1 result result Figure 5.24: Connection of universal test cable and optional adapter in three-phase system L1 L2 L3 N PE PE/L3 N/L2 L/L1 L/L1 N/L2 PE/L3 N PE L Ro RE Figure 5.25: Connection of plug commander and universal test cable in single-phase system Mätprocedur vid spänningsmätning 58

59 Välj SPÄNNING funktion. Anslut mätsladdar till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdar till mätobjektet (se figur 5.24 och 5.25). Spara aktuella mätresultat (vid behov). Mätningen aktiveras omedelbart när SPÄNNING funktionen valts. Figure 5.26: Examples of voltage measurement in three-phase system Visade mätresultat i ett enfasnät: Uln... Spänning mellan fas och nolledare Ulpe... Spänning mellan fas och skyddsledare Unpe... Spänning mellan nolla och skyddsledare, f... Frekvens. Visade mätresultat i ett trefasnät: U12... Spänning mellan L1 och L2, U13... Spänning mellan L1 och L3, U23... Spänning mellan L2 och L3, Korrekt anslutning Framåtrotation / CW rotation sequence, Ej korrekt anslutning Bakåtrotation / CCW rotation sequence, f... Frekvens. 59

60 5.7 Jordresistansmätning / Resistance to earth Jordresistans är ett viktigt skydd mot elektrisk chock. Denna funktion är avsedd för verifiering av jordmotståndet vid husinstallationer och installationer av åskskydd etc. Mätningarna utförs enligt standarden EN Tre sub-funktioner finns tillgängliga: Standard 3-ledare, för standardmätning av resistans till jord. En tång, för mätning av resistans till jord för enskilda jordtag. Eurotest-XAS Med två tänger enligt loop-metoden (rekommenderas i IEC och svenska myndigheter) för mätning av jordresistans på individuella jordtag. Eurotest-XAS. Se kapitel 4.2 Single test för funktioner och knappval.. Figure 5.27: Resistance to earth Testparametrar vid jodresistansmätning TEST Val av testfunktion 3-ledare [en tång, två tänger, endast för Eurotest-XAS] Gräns Maximum resistans [AV, 1 Ω 5 kω, (2 tänger: 1 Ω 20 Ω)] Standard 3-ledaremätning / Standard 3-wire measurement Anslutningsexempel vid 3-ledaremätning (och 2 jordspett) b lack - L green - PE blue - N E H S MPEC Rc Rp RE >5d d Figure 5.28: Resistance to earth, 3-wire measurement of PE grounding 60

61 black - L green - PE blue - N E Rc H Rp S R4E R3E d R2E MPEC RE1 >5d Figure 5.29: Resistance to earth, 3-wire measurement of lighting protection Mätprocedur vid resistans till jord med 3-ledaremätning Välj JORD funktion. Välj 3-LEDARE mätning Aktivera och ställ in gräns (vid behov). Anslut mätsladdarna till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdarna till mätobjektet (se figur 5.28 och 5.29). Tryck på TEST knappen. När mätningen är utförd kan mätvärdena, sparas (vid behov). Figure 5.30: Example of resistance to earth measurement results (3-wire) Visade mätresultat: R... Jordresistans, Rc... Resistans vid S spett / probe, Rp... Resistans vid H spett / probe. 61

62 5.7.2 Mätning med en tång och hjälpjord / One clamp measurement Mätningen är avsedd för testning i olika branscher med olika jordningssytem. Anslutningsexempel med en tång (endast med Eurotest XAS) black - L green - PE blue - N Rc H Rp S E R4E R3E d R2E MPEC RE1 >5d Figure 5.31: Resistance to earth, measurement with a current clamp Mätprocedur med en tång Välj JORD funktion. Välj 1 TÅNG mätning Aktivera och ställ in gräns (vid behov). Anslut mätsladdarna till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdarna till mätobjektet (se figur 5.31). Tryck på TEST knappen. När mätningen är utförd kan mätvärdena, sparas (vid behov). Figure 5.32: Example of resistance to earth measurement results, one clamp Visade mätresultat: R... Jordresistans, Rc... Resistans vid S spett / probe, Rp... Resistans vid H spett / probe. Re... Resistans till jord på testat system. OBS!: Anslut tången mellan anslutning E (krokodilklämman) och jord, annars kommer den parallella resistansen av samtliga elektroder (RE1 till RE3) att mätas Mätning med 2 tänger (loop-metoden) / Two clamps measurement. 62

63 Mätningen kan utföras vid kontroll där minst 2 st jordanslutningar finns anslutna till jord och ihopkopplade med varandra (i en slinga/loop). Godkänd enligt IEC :2006. Anslutningsexempel vid mätning med 2 tänger (loop-metoden). Eurotest-XAS black - L green - PE blue - N MPEC R4E R3E R2E Figure 5.33: Resistance to earth, two clamps measurement of lighting protection Mätprocedur vid mätning med 2 tänger (loop-metoden). Endast med Eurotest-XAS Välj JORD funktion. Välj 2 TÄNGER mätning Aktivera och ställ in gräns (vid behov). Anslut mätsladdarna till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdarna till mätobjektet (se figur 5.33). Tryck på TEST knappen. När mätningen är utförd kan mätvärdena, sparas (vid behov). RE1 Figure 5.34: Example of resistance to earth measurement result, two clamps Visade resultat: R... Jordresistans. OBS!: Avståndet mellan tängerna skall vara minst 30 cm. 63

64 5.8 Strömmätning / Current (Endast med Eurotest-XAS) Med denna funktion mäter du ström (både läckström och laster) Se kapitel 4.2 Single test för funktioner och knappval. Testparametrar vid strömmätning Gräns Maximum ström [AV, 0.1 ma 100 ma] Figure 5.35: Current Anslutningsexempel / Test circuits for clamp current measurement L1 L2 L3 N PE Leakage current Load current Figure 5.36: Leakage and load current measurements Mätprocedur vid strömmätning (endast med Eurotest XAS) Välj STRÖM funktion. Ställ in parametrar. Aktivera och ställ in gräns värde (vid behov). Anslut strömtången till instrumentet resp. mätobjekt (se figur 5.36). Tryck på TEST knappen för att starta mätningen. Tryck återigen på TEST knappen för att avsluta mätningen. Spara mätresultatet (vid behov). 64

65 OBS!: Figure 5.37: Example of clamp current measurement result Visade resultat: I... Ström. Visade resultat representerar r.m.s. värde för strömtång med förhållandet 1000:1. Använd endast tänger levererade ifrån TOLEKA AB eller med samma karaktäristik (strömutgång 1000:1, rätt mätområde och noggrannhet)! Våra strömtänger M1/100/1A och A1019 är lämpliga för strömmar över 0,2 AAC. Den enda tången som är lämplig för läckströmsmätning är A1018 (1000 A/1 A). 65

66 5.9 Sensorer och adaptrar / Sensors and adapters Denna funktion utökar användningsområdet genom att använda våra sensorer och adaptrar. Dessa anslutes via instrumentets RS232-ingång. Instrumentet känner omedelbart av vilken typ av givare som anslutits Ljusmätning (Lux) / Illumination Mätningen utförs med LUX-givare typ B eller LUX-givare typ C för att verifiera ljusnivån. Se kapitel 4.2 Single test för funktioner och knappval. Figure 5.38: Insulation resistance Testparametrar för luxmätning / Test parameters for illumination measurement Gräns Minimum Luxvärde [AV, 0.1 lux 20.0 klux] Anslutningsexempel vid Luxmätning / Test setup for illumination measurement RS 232 PS/2 Figure 5.39: Connection of LUX probe to the instrument 66

67 Figure 5.40: LUX meter probe positioning Mätprocedur vid Luxmätning / Illumination measuring procedure Anslut LUX proben till instrumentet (se figur 5.39). Välj SENSOR funktion. Ställ in gräns värde (vid behov). Slå PÅ/ON LUX proben (ON/OFF knapp, grön LED lyser). Tryck på TEST knappen. Tryck återigen på TEST knappen för att avsluta mätningen. Stäng av LUX proben. Spara mätresultatet (vid behov). Figure 5.41: Example of illumination measurement result Visade mätresultat: E... Ljusvärde i Lux. OBS!: Beakta LUX-probens positionering (vinkel etc.). För noggrann mätning se till att den mjölkfärgade linsen ej störs av skuggor etc. ifrån händer, kropp eller oönskade föremål. Det är väldigt viktigt att veta att det tar tid innan en ljuskälla ger ifrån sig optimalt ljus. Kontrollera ljuskällans specifikationer så att rätt tidsperiod används.. 67

68 MI 3101 EUROTEST ATS - XAS Ω Z-LOOP eller Z-LINE-Impedans / 2 Ω line/loop impedance Denna mätning utförs med impedansadapter A1143. Denna identifieras direkt i Z-LOOP och Z-LINE mätfunktionerna. Med denna adapter kan mycket låg impedans upp till 1999 mω mätas. Mätningarna utförs enligt standarden EN Se kapitel 4.2 Single test för funktioner och knappval. Figure 5.42: Impedance adapter connected Mätparametrar för 2 Ω line/loop impedansmätning Funktion Z-LINE Impedansfunktion [mω L-N, mω L-L] Test Funktioner Z-LINE och Z-LOOP Säkring typ Välj säkrings typ [---, NV, Gg, B, C, K, D] * Säkring I Märkström på vald säkring Säkring T Maximum utlösningstid på vald säkring Isc_lim Minimum kortslutnings- ström för vald säkringskombination. Se Appendix A för referens på säkringars data.. *--- Innebär ingen säkring finns vald Knappar: F2 Växlar mellan mätresultaten / Toggles between result screens. Test setup för 2 Ω line/loop impedans mätning PS/2 RS 232 Figure 5.43: Connection of impedance adapter to the instrument Mätprocedur för 2 Ω line/loop impedans mätning 68

69 Anslut Impedansadaptern A1143 till instrumentet (se figur 5.43). Välj funktion Z-LINE eller Z-LOOP. Aktivera och ställ in gräns värde (vid behov). Slå PÅ / ON impedansadaptern A1143 (ON/OFF knapp, grön LED lyser). Anslut impedansadaptern till mätobjektet. Tryck på TEST knappen. Spara mätvärdet (vid behov). Figure 5.44: Example of 2 Ω line/loop measurement results Visade resultat: Z... Line / loop impedans, ISC... Förväntad kortslutningsström, R... Resistiv del av impedansen, Xl... Reaktiv del av impedansen. Följande parametrar visas i teckenrutans vid enfasig LINE-impedansmätning L/N: IscMaxL-N... Maximum kortslutningsström. IscMinL-N... Minimum kortslutningsström.. IscStd... Standard förväntad kortslutningsström. Följande parametrar visas i teckenrutans vid enfasig LINE-impedansmätning L/L: IscMax3Ph... Maximum kortslutningsström mellan de 3 faserna. IscMin3Ph... Minimum kortslutningsström mellan de 3 faserna IscMax2Ph... Maximum kortslutningsström mellan de 2 faser. IscMin2Ph... Mainimum kortslutningsström mellan de 2 faser. IscStd... Standard förväntad kortslutningsström Följande parametrar visas i teckenrutans vid enfasig LOOP-impedansmätning L/PE: IscMaxL-Pe... Maximum kortslutningsström. IscMinL-Pe... Minimum kortslutningsström. IscStd... Standard förväntad kortslutningsström. Ub... Beröringsspäning vid max. kortslutningsström. Vid S-uttaget. OBS!: Läs mer i bruksanvisningen för A1143. Fluktuationer i nätspänningen kan påverka mätresultatet Kontrollera adapterns indikeringar om avbryt symbolen visas efter start. 69

70 5.10 PE-test, känner av farlig spänning på PE / PE test terminal Farlig spänning kan uppstå på PE-ledaren eller andra ledande metalldelar. Detta är en mycket farlig situation eftersom PE och MPE (huvudskenan) anses vara jordade. Den vanligaste orsaken till detta fel är felaktigt installerade ledare (se exempel nedan). I alla lägen när du vidrör TEST knappen i tester som kräver nätspänning genomför instrumentet automatiskt denna PE-test som varnar för ev. farlig spänning. Exempel på installation med förväxlade ledare L och PE. Mycket farligt. L1 N PE Reversed phase and protection conductors! T HE MOST DANGEROUS SITUATION! Figure 5.45: Reversed L and PE conductors (application of plug commander) L1 N PE PE/L3 N/L2 L/L1 N PE L Reversed phase and protection conductors! MOST DANGEROUS SITUATION! Figure 5.46: Reversed L and PE conductors (application of universal test cable) Testprocedur vid PE-test / PE terminal test procedure Anslut mätsladdarna till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdarna till mätobjektet (se figur 5.45 och 5.46). Vidrör TEST knappen (helst under 1 sekund). Om det förekommer spänning på PE-ledaren visas ett varningsmeddelande och en testsummer ljuder, efterföljande mätningar I Z-LOOP och JFB/RCD funktion kan ej utföras. 70

71 Varning: Om spänning indikeras på PE-ledaren. Avbryt omedelbart alla mätningar, leta upp och åtgärda felet! OBS!: I huvudmenyn och övriga inställningar kan ej PE-test genomföras. PE-Test kan ej utföras om operatörens kropp är komplett isolerad ifrån golv och väggar! 5.11 Kabel och ledningssökning / Locator Denna funktion söker kabel och ledning. Följa ledare i en installation, Hitta kortslutningar och avbrott. Detektera säkringar. Instrumentet genererar en signal som kan spåras och följas med en mottagare som beställs separat som tillbehör hos TOLEKA AB. Best. Nr: A1191 Se Locator appendix för ytterliggare information. Figure 5.47: Locator entry point Parametrar vid kabelsökning. / Parameters for locator Det finns inga parametrar. Typiska applikationsexempel vid kabelsökning. ON N/L2 PE/L3 L/L1 N PE L Figure 5.48: Tracing wires under walls and in cabinets 71

72 Energized installation ON Selective probe Figure 5.49: Locating individual fuses Testprocedur vid kabelsökning / Line tracing procedure Receiver R10K Välj KABELSÖKNING funktion i menyn övriga inställningar. Anslut mätssladdarna till instrumentet. Anslut mätsladdarna till mätobjektet (se figur 5.48 och 5.49). Tryck på TEST knappen. Sök med mottagaren A1191 (i IND-läge) alternativt med den selective proben ansluten till mottagaren. När kabelsökningen är avslutad tryck på ESC knappen för att stänga av testsignalen. LOCATOR Figure 5.50: Locator active 72

73 5.12 Varistor test / Varistor test Denna test utförs på överspänningsprodukter i samband med åskskydd etc. Typical devices are: Metal oxide varistors, Gas arresters, Semiconductor transient voltage suppressors. See chapter 4.2 Single test for functionality of keys. Testparametrar vid varistortest / Test parameters for varistor test Figure 5.60: Varistor test menu Lo limit Nedre gräns DC-spänningens tröskelvärde [50 V 1000 V] Hi limit Övre gräns DC-spänningens tröskelvärde [50 V 1000 V] It = 1.00 ma Tröskelvärde på ström Anslutningsexempel vid varistortest / Test circuit for varistor test L1 L2 L3 N PE mains voltage switched off L/L1 N/L2 opened switches PE/L3 permanent loads disconnected Figure 5.61: Connection of universal test cable for varistor test 73

74 Mätprocedur vid varistortest / Varistor test procedure Välj VARISTOR TEST funktion. Ställ in parameterar. Slå ifrån nätspänning och koppla ur förbrukare ifrån mätobjektet (överspänningsskyddet). Anslut mätsladdar till instrumentet och mätobjektet. (se figur 5.61). Tryck på TEST knappen. Efter test vänta tills mätobjektet laddats ur. Spara mätresultatet (vid behov). Figure 5.62: Example of varistor test result Visade resultat: U... Uppmätt tröskelvärde på spänning vid It (1 ma). Uac... Aktuell spänning / Rated AC voltage. Uac beräknas ifrån U enligt: Uac = U/

75 6 Data hantering / Data handling 6.1 Minnets organisation / Memory organization Följande kan sparas i instrumentets minne: Autosekvensens namn, sekvens och funktionsparametrar. Autosekvenser och singeltester utförda mätresultat inkl. parametrar. Installationsstrukturen (upp och nedvända trädet) med tillhörande data. Lagrade data bör organiseras i en installationsstruktur enligt ritningen på mätobjektet (central grupp inkl. nr och smeknamn). Mätresultaten sparas på resp. namngiven plats. 6.2 Installationens datastruktur / Installation data structure Denna funktion hjälper till att organisera och strukturera på ett rationellt sätt. Minnesorganisationen kan anpassas till dina önskemål och installationens utseende. De viktigaste fördelarna är: Mätresultat kan organiseras, grupperas och struktureras på ett rationellt sätt som motsvarar din installation/gruppshema. Om en testplan för verifiering av den elektriska installationen finns så kan strukturen anpassas enligt denna. Varje mätplas såsom ett rum, våningsplan, grupp, JFB, central etc. får sin egen plats. Snabb överblick genom strukturens mätrersultat. Testrapporter kan skapas snabbt med minimala kompletteringar/ändringar efter överföringen av mätvärden ifrån instrumentet till PC:n. Testprocedurer kan förberedas i PC:n och iförväg överföras till instrumentet. En ny struktur kan enkelt skapas i instrumentet. En äldre struktur kan snabbt modifieras / ändras även i instrumentet. Ett namn och nummer kan skapas till varje minnesplats (grupp, JFB, central). Tillgång och möjlighet att ändra strukturen finns i alla 3 huvudminnesmenyerna (spara, återkalla, radera) samt i strukturen (det upp och nedvända trädet). Basic view Figure 6.1: Example of data structure fields Tree structure view 75

76 Figure 6.2: Installation structure example as presented on PC Förklaring: Återkalla minnet (Minnets operativa del) Installationens data strukturfält Rot-nivå i strukturen: METREL d.d.: 1 st nivå med objektets namn (plats). 1/1: Antal valda /tillgängliga platser på denna nivå. Sub-nivå (nivå 2) i strukturen: PRODUCT.: sub-nivåns nam. 2/5: Antal valda /tillgängliga platser på denna nivå. Sub-nivå (nivå 3) i strukturen: 3PH SOCKET: namn på plats. 1/3: Antal valda /tillgängliga platser på denna nivå. Resultatfält- sparade mätresultat på den markerade platsen. Piltangenter som flyttar till nästa plats i strukturen. Tillgängligt minne. Antal sparade mätresultat på den markerade platsen / Antal sparade mätningar I hela strukturen (installationen). Möjlighet att öppna och titta på strukturträdet.. Möjlighet att modifiera strukturen. (se kapitel 6.6). OBS!: Endast 3 platser i installationens struktur kan visas samtidigt (horisontellt). Vanliga knappval: 76

77 / / / F1 F2 ESC OBS!: Flyttar till annan plats / fält. / Select the existing location. Hålls intryckt i 2 s för att skapa / lägga till en ny plats / fält. Ändrar namnet på den markerade platsen / fältet. Flyttar till installationsstrukturens träd-bild I teckenrutan. Tillbaka till senaste åtgärd / plats i instrumentet.. Strukturen (trädet) rymmer 2000 minnesplatser med max. 10 nivåer, se figur 6.3. Figure 6.3: Sub-levels depth definition Figure 6.4 shows how individual structure elements are displayed on the instrument. The outlook is the same for all three memory menus. 77

78 Figure 6.4: Data structure elements 6.3 Spara mätresultat / Storing test results När du utfört en Singel-testmätning eller en autosekvensmätning så kan dessa sparas. ( ikon visas I teckenrutans informationsdel). Tryck på MEM knappen för att spara. Se kapitel 6.2 för definitioner av visade fält. Figure 6.5: Save test menu Knappval i spara mätningar menyn installationens datastrukturfält.: 78

79 Kort tryck väljer platsen / fältet i strukturen av installationens data fält. / / / select the location in structure of installation data field. Håll intryck i flera sekunder lägger till en ny plats i strukturen. (se 6.6.1). MEM Sparar mätresultat på den senast markerade / valda platsen samt återgår därefter till mätfunktionsmenyn. TAB Växlar mellan mätresultatfältet och strukturdatafältet. (se 6.3.1). ESC Lämnar sparamenyn. / Exits save test menu. F1 Mata in namn för markerad / vald plats / fält. (se 4.3.4). F2 Flyttar till installationsstrukturens träd för att välja minnesplats. OBS!: Tryck på MEM knappen två gånger för att snabbt spara mätresultatet på förvald / markerad plats. Som förval erbjuds du att lägga till ett mätresultat som redan finns på den markerade / valda platsen. By default it is offered to append the result to the existing results in the selected location Spara resultat specialfunktioner / Saving results specialties Det finns möjlighet att skriva över ett excisterande mätresultat med ett nytt. Appending new result Figure 6.6: Saving in result field Overwriting requires confirmation Knappval i spara mätresultat- resultatfält. / Keys in save test menu - results field: / TEST ESC Markerar sparade mätresultat. / Select stored test result. Sparar mätresultatet till markerad rad (måste konfirmeras). / Saves test result into selected line (confirmation is needed to overwrite an existing result). Tillbaka till sparamenyn eller installationsstrukturens plats/fält. Knappval i öppnad dialogruta / Keys with open dialog: Markera JA/NEJ / / Select YES / NO. TEST Bekräftar markerat val. / Confirms selected option. Tillbaka utan utförda ESC ändringar. / Cancels without changes. För information om hur du sparar på en ny plats / fält sopm ej excisterar ännu, se

80 6.4 Återkalla sparade mätresultat och parametrar / Recalling test results and parameters Tryck på MEM knappen i singeltest eller autosekvensmenyn om det inte finns några mätvärden att spara alternativt välj i ÖVRIGA INSTÄLLNINGAR menyn. Se kapitel 6.2 för definitioner av visade fält. Knappval i menyn återkalla minnet / Keys in main recall memory menu: / / / Figure 6.7: Main recall menu Kort tryck väljer platsen / fältet i strukturen av installationens data fält. select the location in structure of installation data field. Håll intryck i flera sekunder lägger till en ny plats i strukturen. (se 6.6.1). TAB Växlar mellan mätresultatfältet och strukturdatafältet. (se 6.3.1). ESC Lämnar sparamenyn. / Exits save test menu. F1 Mata in namn för markerad / vald plats / fält. (se 4.3.4). F2 Flyttar till installationsstrukturens träd för att välja minnesplats Återkalla minnet (mätresultat) / Recalling result Markera plats / fält som skall väljas / Result field has to be selected. Figure 6.8: Recall data menu Knappval i återkalla minnet (mätvärden): / Markerar sparade data / Select the stored data. TEST Öppnar markerade / valda sparade data. TAB, ESC Avbryter och återgår till minnets huvudmeny. 80

81 Knappval: ESC Återgår till minnets huvudmeny / Back to recall memory main menu. Figure 6.9: Stored single test example Knappval: / Markerar sparade data. TEST Öppnar funktionen mätresultat. / Opens function result. ESC Återgår till minnets huvudmeny / Back to recall memory main menu. Key in open function result: ESC Återgår till observerad autosekvens. / Back to observed auto sequence. Figure 6.10: Auto sequence stored example 6.5 Radera sparade mätresultat / Clearing saved data I huvudmenyn välj ÖVRIGA INSTÄLLNINGAR och välj: MINNE (se 4.4.3). I MINNE välj RADERA MINNET för att radera en hela minnet med mätresultat. Keys: / TEST ESC Välj AVBRYT eller RADERA. Bekräftar vald option. Avbryter och återgår utan ändringar. Figure 6.11: Clear memory 81

82 I välj RADERA MÄTNING som raderar vissa mätresultat eller modifierar I installationsstrukturen. / option to delete particular result or modify installation data structure. Keys: Figure 6.12: Clear test menu / Markera plats / fält. TEST Öppnar en dialogruta för att radera i installationsstrukturen. / Opens dialog for clearing in installation data structure. TAB Växlar till/från mätresultatfältet för att markera ett fält. se F2 Väljer installationsstrukturens träd för att finna lämplig plats/fält.. F1 Skriver över / ändrar namn på aktuell plats. ESC Återgår till föregående meny utan ändringar Radera specialfunktioner / Clearing specialties I resultatfältet kan den aktuellt lagrade mätresultatet raderas. / In the result field the particular stored test result can be cleared. Selection of data for clearing Figure 6.13: Clearing particular test Dialog before clear Knappval: / TEST ESC Markerar / väljer sparade mätresultat. Öppnar dialog för att radera vald mätresultat. Återgår till föregående meny utan ändringar. Knappval i öppen dialog ruta: / Välj Ja / NEJ. TEST Bekräftar vald option ESC Återgår utan ändringar 82

83 Att radera i installationsstrukturen: Resultat i den aktuella platsen. Resultat i nästa nivå / plats. Radera den aktuella platsen inkl. undernivåer / platser Knappval: / / / TEST ESC Markerar / vald option. Bekräftar vald option. Återgår utan ändringar. Figure 6.14: Clear in installation data structure menu 6.6 Ändra i en installationsstruktur / Editing installation data structure Installationens struktur som överförts till instrumentet ifrån PC:n kan ändras i instrumentet. Följande kan t.ex. ändras: Lägga till en ny plats se 6.6.1, Ändra namn på en vald plats, Ta bort en plats / ändra I strukturen. / Clearing location / tree structure, see Dessa möjligheter finns tillgängliga i menyerna spara, återkalla och radera (delar) Lägga till en plats / Adding new locations OBS!: Strukturen kan expandera till 10 horisontella nivåer upp till 2000 minnesplatser. Knappval: / / / F2 F1 ESC (i 2 sekunder) (i 2 sekunder) Markerar / väljer en plats. Håll intryckt i några sekunder lägger till en ny plats I strukturen. / add a new location in the structure, see Går in i installationsstrukturen för att välja en lämplig plats. / Enters installation structure tree view to select appropriate location. Namnger den aktuella platsen / Renames the current location. Återgår till föregående meny utan ändringar. Öpnnar dialogrutan för att lägga till en ny plats på samma nivå. Endast aktiverad om markerad plats är den sista på samma nivå. Namn på den nya platsen: Samma namn/nr som föregående +1. Öpnnar dialogrutan för att lägga till en ny plats på nästa nivå. Endast aktiverad när inga undernivåer finns efter den aktiva nivån. Namn på den nya platsen: Plats / Location 83

84 Knappval i öppen dialogbox: / TEST ESC Välj JA / NEJ. Bekräftar vald option. Återgår till föregående meny utan ändringar. Ett exempel på att öppna en ny plats samt spara ett mätresultat visas nedan: Att avslutad mätning kan sparas, visas med symbolen. Figure 6.15: Test result prepared for saving Knappval: MEM Tar dig till sparamenyn. Figure 6.16: Save test menu Knappval: F2 Ändrar till strukturmenyn. TEST Bekräftar den nya platsen. F1 Matar in namn på platsen / Enters name of the location. Figure 6.17: Dialog box for new location 84

85 Mata in namn på platsen med piltangenterna + TEST etc. Knappval: F2 Bekräftar namnet. Figure 6.18: Entering name for the new location Knappval: MEM Sparar mätresultatet på platsen / Saves results into the location. Figure 6.19: Location prepared Figure 6.20: Stored example 85

86 6.7 DATA-kommunikation / Communication Sparade mätresultat kan överföras till/från en PC. Ett speciellt kommunikationsprogram identifierar instrumentet och möjliggör en överföring mellan instrument och PC. Det finns 2 st kommunikationsinterface. USB och RS232 (se 4.4.6). PS/2 - RS 232 cable minimum connections: 1 to 2, 4 to 3, 3 to PS/2 for MI pin D female for PC Figure 6.21: Interface connection for data transfer over PC COM port Hur du överför data / How to transfer stored data: I ÖVRIGA INSTÄLLNINGAR: välj lämplig kommunikation (USB / RS 232). - RS 232 önskas: Anslut PC COM port till instrumentets PS/2 kontaktdon med PS/2-RS232 seriella kommunikationskabeln.; - USB önskas: Anslut PC USB port till instrumentets USB-anslutning med USB-kabeln.. Slå på /on PC och instrument. Kör / Run mjukvaran Eurolink. PC och instrument identifierar varandra automatiskt. Mjukvaran i PC:n kan utföra följande funktioner: - Ladda ner data / Downloading data; - Radera sparade data / Clearing storage; - Ändra och ladda ner användardata / Changing and downloading user data; - Skriva ut enkla rapporter / Preparing a simple report form; - Förbereda export av data till annan mjukvara t.ex. Excel / Preparing a file for exporting to a spreadsheet. Mjukvaran Eurolink kan köras under Windows 95/98, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP. Läs filen README.TXT för instruktioner om installation och hantering av mjukvaran. OBS!: USB drivrutiner måste installeras på PC:n innan du ansluter USB-kabeln. Refererar till installation av USB / USB drivers should be installed on PC before using the USB interface. Refer to USB installation instructions available on installation CD. 86

87 7 Underhåll / Maintenance Denna text finns översatt i snabbinstruktionen. / Unauthorized person is not allowed to open the EurotestXA instrument. There are no user replaceable components inside the instrument, except three fuses and batteries under rear cover. 7.1 Replacing fuses There are three fuses under back cover of the EurotestXA instrument. F1 M A / 250 V, 20 5 mm This fuse protects internal circuitry of continuity function if test probes are connected to the mains supply voltage by mistake during measurement. F2, F3 F 4 A / 500 V, mm General input protection fuses of test terminals L/L1 and N/L2. Warnings: Disconnect any measuring accessory and power off the instrument before opening battery/fuse compartment cover, hazardous voltage inside! Replace blown fuse with original type only, otherwise the instrument may be damaged and/or operator s safety impaired! Position of fuses can be seen in Figure 3.4 in chapter 3.3 Back panel. 7.2 Cleaning No special maintenance is required for the housing. To clean the surface of the instrument use a soft cloth slightly moistened with soapy water or alcohol. Then leave the instrument to dry totally before use. Warnings: Do not use liquids based on petrol or hydrocarbons! Do not spill cleaning liquid over the instrument! 7.3 Periodic calibration It is essential that the test instrument is regularly calibrated in order technical specification listed in this manual is guaranteed. We recommend an annual calibration. Only an authorized technical person can do the calibration. Please contact your dealer TOLEKA AB for further information. 7.4 Service For repairs under warranty, or at any other time, please contact TOLEKA AB. 87

88 8 Technical specifications 8.1 Insulation resistance Insulation LN, LPE, NPE Insulation resistance (nominal voltages 50 V DC, 100 V DC and 250 V DC ) Measuring range according to EN61557 is 0.25 MΩ MΩ. Measuring range (MΩ) Resolution (MΩ) Accuracy ±(5 % of reading + 5 digits) ±(10 % of reading) ±(20 % of reading) Insulation resistance (nominal voltages 500 V DC and 1000 V DC ) Measuring range according to EN61557 is 0.15 MΩ 1000 MΩ. Measuring range (MΩ) Resolution (MΩ) Accuracy ±(5 % of reading + 3 digits) ±(10 % of reading) ±(20 % of reading) Insulation ALL and L-PE,N-PE, L-N,L-PE Insulation resistance (nominal voltages 50 V DC, 100 V DC, 250 V DC, 500 V DC, 1000 V DC ) Measuring range according to EN61557 is 0.34 MΩ 30.0 MΩ. Measuring range (MΩ) Resolution (MΩ) Accuracy ±(10 % of reading + 5 digits) Voltage Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy ±(3 % of reading + 3 digits) Nominal voltages V DC, 100 V DC, 250 V DC, 500 V DC, 1000 V DC Open circuit voltage % / + 20 % of nominal voltage Measuring current... min. 1 ma at RN=UN 1 kω/v Short circuit current... max. 3 ma Specified accuracy is valid if universal test cable is used while it is valid up to 200 MΩ if tip commander is used. Specified accuracy is valid up to 100 MΩ if relative humidity > 85 %. In case the instrument gets moistened, the results could be impaired. In such case, it is recommended to dry the instrument and accessories for at least 24 hours. The error in operating conditions could be at most the error for reference conditions (specified in the manual for each function) ±5 % of measured value. The number of possible tests... > 1200, with a fully charged battery Auto discharge after test. 88

89 8.2 Continuity Resistance R200mA Measuring range according to EN61557 is 0.16 Ω 1999 Ω. Measuring range R (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy ±(3 % of reading + 3 digits) ±(5 % of reading) Indicator only Measuring range R+, R- (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy ±(5 % of reading + 5 digits) ±(10 % of reading) Indicator only Open-circuit voltage VDC 9 VDC Measuring current... min. 200 ma into load resistance of 2 Ω Test lead compensation... up to 20 Ω The number of possible tests... > 2000, with a fully charged battery Automatic polarity reversal of the test voltage Resistance R7mA Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy ±(5 % of reading + 3 digits) Indicator only Open-circuit voltage VDC 9 VDC Short-circuit current... max. 8.5 ma Test lead compensation... up to 20 Ω 8.3 RCD testing General data Nominal residual current ma, 30 ma, 100 ma, 300 ma, 500 ma, 1000 ma Nominal residual current accuracy / +0.1 IΔ; IΔ = IΔN, 2 IΔN, 5 IΔN -0.1 IΔ / +0; IΔ = 0.5 IΔN AS / NZ selected: ± 5 % Test current shape... Sine-wave (AC), pulsed (A), DC (B) DC offset for pulsed test current... 6 ma (typical) RCD type... G (non-delayed), S (time-delayed) Test current starting polarity... 0 º or 180 º Voltage range V 264 V (14 Hz 500 Hz) RCD test current selection (r.m.s. value calculated to 20ms) according to IEC 61009: 89

90 IΔN _ 1/2 IΔN _ 1 IΔN _ 2 IΔN _ 5 RCD IΔ IΔN (ma) AC A B AC A B AC A B AC A B AC A B n.a n.a. n.a n.a n.a. n.a n.a n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a... not applicable AC type... sine wave test current A type... pulsed current B type... smooth DC current Contact voltage RCD-Uc Measuring range according to EN61557 is 20.0 V 33.0V for limit contact voltage 25V Measuring range according to EN61557 is 20.0 V 66.0V for limit contact voltage 50V Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy (-0 % / +15 %) of reading ± 10 digits (-0 % / +15 %) of reading The accuracy is valid if mains voltage is stabile during the measurement and PE terminal is free of interfering voltages. Test current... max. 0.5 I ΔN Limit contact voltage V, 50 V Specified accuracy is valid for complete operating range Trip-out time Complete measurement range corresponds to EN requirements. Maximum measuring times set according to selected reference for RCD testing. Measuring range (ms) Resolution (ms) Accuracy 0 40 * 0.1 ±1 ms 0 max. time * 0.1 ±3 ms * For max. time see normative references in this specification applies to max. time >40 ms. Test current... _ I ΔN, I ΔN, 2 I ΔN, 5 I ΔN 5 I ΔN is not available for I ΔN =1000 ma (RCD types AC,A) or I ΔN 300 ma (RCD type A). 2 I ΔN is not available for I ΔN =1000 ma (RCD type A). Specified accuracy is valid for complete operating range. 90

91 8.3.4 Trip-out current Trip-out current Complete measurement range corresponds to EN requirements. Measuring range I Δ Resolution I Δ Accuracy 0.2 I ΔN 1.1 I ΔN (AC type) 0.05 I ΔN ±0.1 I ΔN 0.2 I ΔN 1.5 I ΔN (A type, I ΔN 30 ma) 0.05 I ΔN ±0.1 I ΔN 0.2 I ΔN 2.2 I ΔN (A type, I ΔN <30 ma) 0.05 I ΔN ±0.1 I ΔN Trip-out time Measuring range (ms) Resolution (ms) Accuracy ±3 ms Contact voltage Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy (-0 % / +15 %) of reading ± 10 digits (-0 % / +15 %) of reading The accuracy is valid if mains voltage is stabile during the measurement and PE terminal is free of interfering voltages. Specified accuracy is valid for complete operating range. 8.4 Fault loop impedance and prospective fault current No disconnecting device or FUSE selected Fault loop impedance Measuring range according to EN61557 is 0.25 Ω Ω. Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy ±(5 % of reading + 5 digits) Prospective fault current (calculated value) Measuring range (A) Resolution (A) Accuracy k 9.99k k 23.0k 100 Consider accuracy of fault loop resistance measurement The accuracy is valid if mains voltage is stabile during the measurement. Test current (at 230 V) A (10 ms) Nominal voltage range V 500 V (14 Hz 500 Hz) 91

92 8.4.2 RCD selected Fault loop impedance Measuring range according to EN61557 is 0.46 Ω Ω. Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy * ±(5 % of reading + 10 digits) ±10 % of reading ±10 % of reading * Accuracy may be impaired in case of heavy noise on mains voltage Prospective fault current (calculated value) Measuring range (A) Resolution (A) Accuracy k 9.99k k 23.0k 100 Nominal voltage range V 500 V (14 Hz 500 Hz) No trip out of RCD. R, XL values are indicative. Consider accuracy of fault loop resistance measurement 8.5 Line impedance and prospective short-circuit current Line impedance Measuring range according to EN61557 is 0.25 Ω 19.9 kω. Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy ±(5 % of reading + 5 digits) 1.00k 9.99k k 19.9k 100 Prospective short-circuit current (calculated value) Measuring range (A) Resolution (A) Accuracy k 99.99k k 199k 1000 Test current (at 230 V) A (10 ms) Nominal voltage range V 500 V (14 Hz 500 Hz) R, XL values are indicative. Consider accuracy of line resistance measurement 92

93 8.6 Voltage, frequency, and phase rotation Phase rotation Nominal system voltage range V AC 550 V AC Nominal frequency range Hz 500 Hz Result displayed or Voltage Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy ±(2 % of reading + 2 digits) Result type... True r.m.s. (trms) Nominal frequency range... 0 Hz, 14 Hz 500 Hz Frequency Measuring range (Hz) Resolution (Hz) Accuracy ±(0.2 % of reading + 1 digit) Nominal voltage range V 550 V 8.7 Online terminal voltage monitor Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy ±(2 % of reading + 2 digits) 93

94 8.8 Earth resistance Earth resistance three-wire method Measuring range according to EN61557 is 0.67 Ω 9999 Ω Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy ±(3 % of reading + 3 digits) ± 5 % of reading ± 10 % of reading Additional spike resistance error if Rc max. or Rp max. is exceeded... ±(5 % of reading + 10 digits) Rc max R E or 50 kω (whichever is lower) Rp max R E or 50 kω (whichever is lower) Automatic test of probe resistance... yes Additional error at 3 V noise (50 Hz)... ±(5 % of reading +10 digits) Automatic test of voltage noise... yes Noise voltage indication threshold... 1 V (<50 Ω, worst case) Open-terminal test voltage V AC Test voltage frequency Hz Short-circuit test current... < 20 ma Earth resistance one clamp method Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy ±(3 % of reading + 3 digits) ± 5 % of reading ± 10 % of reading Additional spike resistance error if Rc max. or Rp max. is exceeded... ±(5 % of reading + 10 digits) Rc max R E or 50 kω (whichever is lower) Rp max R E or 50 kω (whichever is lower) Automatic test of probe resistance... yes Resistance ratio induced error... 2 % x R/Re Additional error R and Re, at 3 V noise (50 Hz)... ±(5 % of reading +10 digits) R, 2 A noise (50 Hz)... ±(10 % of reading +10 digits) Automatic test of voltage noise... yes Noise voltage indication threshold... 1 V (<50 Ω, worst case) Open-terminal test voltage V AC Test voltage frequency Hz Short-circuit test current... <20 ma Low clamp current indication... yes Noise current indication... yes Additional clamp error has to be considered. 94

95 Earth resistance two clamps method Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy* ±(10 % of reading + 10 digits) ±(20 % of reading ) ±(30 % of reading ) * Distance between test clamps >30 cm. Additional error at 3 A / 50 Hz noise into 1 Ω... ±(10 % of reading) Test voltage frequency Hz Noise current indication... yes Low clamp current indication... yes Additional clamp error has to be considered. 8.9 TRMS Clamp current Measuring range Resolution Accuracy 0.0 ma 99.9 ma 0.1 ma 100 ma 999 ma 1 ma ±(3 % of reading + 3 digits) 1.00 A A 0.01 A Input resistance Ω Maximum input current ma (=30 current clamp with ratio 1000:1) Measurement principle... current clamp, ratio 1000:1 Nominal frequency Hz 500 Hz Additional clamp error has to be considered Illumination Illumination (LUX meter type B) Measuring range Resolution (lux) Accuracy 0.0 lux lux lux lux lux 1999 lux 1 ±(5 % of reading + 2 digits) 2.00 klux klux 10 Measurement principle... silicon photodiode with V(λ) filter Spectral response error... < 3.8 % according to CIE curve Cosine error... < 2.5 % up to an incident angle of +/- 85 degress Overall accuracy... matches to DIN 5032 Class B standard Specified accuracy is valid for complete operating range. 95

96 Illumination (LUX meter type C) Measuring range Resolution (lux) Accuracy 0.00 lux lux lux lux 0.1 ±(10 % of reading lux 1999 lux 1 digits) 2.00 klux klux 10 Measurement principle... silicon photodiode Cosine error... < 3.0 % up to an incident angle of +/- 85 degress Overall accuracy... matches to DIN 5032 Class C standard Specified accuracy is valid for complete operating range Ω line/loop impedance High precision line impedance Measuring range according to EN61557 is mω Mesuring range (mω) Resolution (mω) Accuracy ±(5 % + 1 mω) Nominal voltage range V 440 V Nominal frequency...50 Hz Maximum test current (at 400V) A (10 ms) Calculation of prospective short-circuit current (standard voltage value): 230 V I K = U L-N = 230 V ± 10 % Z 400 V I K = U L-L = 400 V ± 10 % Z Calculation of prospective short-circuit current (non-standard voltage value): I I I KMAX3ph KMAX2ph KMAX(L-N) L-L C = C = MAX C = 2 L-L MAX Z MAX? U 3? U L-L Z?U L-N 2 L-L N(L-L) N(L-L)? N(L-N) 2 Z L-L I I I KMIN3ph KMIN2ph KMIN(L-N) C = MIN C = Z MIN C = Z MIN? U 3?U N(L-L) (L-L) HOT? U N(L-L) (L-N) HOT N(L-N)? Z 2 2 Z = R + X Z = ( 1.5? R ) + L-N 2 L-N 2 L-N 2 (L-L) HOT (L-L) HOT L-L XL-L 2 2 Z = R + X Z = ( 1.5?R ) + (L-N) HOT L-N XL-N 96

97 U N(L-N) = 230 V ± 10 % U N(L-L) = 400 V ± 10 % 230 V < U N < 400 V C MAX C MIN High precision fault loop impedance Measuring range according to EN61557: mω Measuring range (mω) Resolution (mω) Accuracy ±(5 % + 1 mω) Nominal voltage range V 440 V Nominal frequency...50 Hz Maximum test current (at 230 V) A (10 ms) Calculation of prospective short-circuit current (standard voltage value): 230 V I K = U L-PE = 230 V ± 10 % Z Calculation of prospective short-circuit current (non-standard voltage value): I KMAX(L-PE) L-PE C = 2 L-PE MAX Z? U L-PE 2 L-PE N(L-PE) I KMIN(L-PE) C = Z MIN?U N(L-PE) (L-PE) HOT 2 (L-PE) HOT L-PE XL-PE 2 Z = R + X Z = ( 1.5?R ) Contact voltage U N(L-PE) = 230 V ± 10 % 230 V < U N < 400 V C MAX C MIN Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy ±(10 % + 3 digits) 8.12 Varistor test DC voltage Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy ±(3 % of reading + 3 digits) AC voltage Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy Consider accuracy of DC voltage Measurement principle... d.c. voltage ramp Test voltage slope V/s Threshold current... 1 ma 97

98 8.13 General data Power supply voltage... 9 V DC (6 1.5 V battery or accu, size AA) Operation... typical 13 h Charger socket input voltage V ± 10 % Charger socket input current ma max. Battery charging current ma (internally regulated) Overvoltage category V CAT III Plug commander overvoltage category V CAT III Protection classification... double insulation Pollution degree... 2 Protection degree... IP 40 Display x240 dots matrix display with backlight Dimensions (w h d) cm 10.3 cm 11.5 cm Weight kg, without battery cells Reference conditions Reference temperature range C 30 C Reference humidity range %RH 70 %RH Operation conditions Working temperature range... 0 C 40 C Maximum relative humidity %RH (0 C 40 C), non-condensing Storage conditions Temperature range C +70 C Maximum relative humidity %RH (-10 C +40 C) 80 %RH (40 C 60 C) Locator... supports inductive mode Maximum operation voltage V a.c. Communication transfer speed RS baud USB baud The error in operating conditions could be at most the error for reference conditions (specified in the manual for each function) +1 % of measured value + 1 digit, unless otherwise specified in the manual for particular function. 98

99 A Appendix A - Fuse table Note: This fuse table is incorporated in the instrument. Fuse type NV Rated Disconnection time [s] current 35m (A) Min. prospective short- circuit current (A) Fuse type gg Rated Disconnection time [s] current 35m (A) Min. prospective short- circuit current (A)

100 Fuse type B Rated Disconnection time [s] current 35m (A) Min. prospective short- circuit current (A) Fuse type C Rated Disconnection time [s] current 35m (A) Min. prospective short- circuit current (A) Fuse type K Rated Disconnection time [s] current 35m (A) Min. prospective short- circuit current (A)

101 Fuse type D Rated Disconnection time [s] current 35m (A) Min. prospective short- circuit current (A)

102 B Appendix B - Accessories for specific measurements The table below presents standard and optional accessories required for specific measurement. The accessories marked as optional may also be standard ones in some sets. Please see attached list of standard accessories for your set or contact your distributor for further information. Function Suitable accessories (Optional with ordering code A.) Insulation Universal test cable Continuity Universal test cable Probe test lead 4m (A 1012) Continuity 7mA Universal test cable Line impedance Universal test cable Plug commander Plug cable Tip commander (A 1176) Fault loop impedance Universal test cable Plug commander Plug cable Tip commander (A 1176) RCD testing Universal test cable Plug commander Plug cable Phase sequence Universal test cable Three-phase cable (A 1110) Three-phase adapter (A 1111) Voltage, frequency Universal test cable Plug commander Plug cable Tip commander (A 1176) Earth resistance Universal test cable Earth resistance, 3-wire Universal test cable Earth resistance, 1 clamp Universal test cable Current clamp 1000 A - sensitive Earth resistance, 2 clamp Universal test cable Current clamp 1000 A sensitive Current clamp 1000 A standard (A 1019) Current clamp 200 A standard (A 1074) Current Current clamp 1000 A sensitive Sensor Lux meter type C (A 1173) Lux meter type B (A 1172) Locator Receiver R10K (A 1191) 1000 A current clamp (A 1019) 200 A current clamp (A 1074) Clamp interface (A 1068) Selective probe (A 1192) 2 Ω line/loop impedance Impedance adapter (A1143) Varistor test Universal test cable 102

103 C Appendix C Locator receiver R10K The highly sensitive hand-held receiver R10K detects the fields caused by the currents in the traced line. It generates sound and visual output according to the signal intensity. The operating mode switch in the head detector should always be set in IND (inductive) mode. The CAP (capacitive) operating mode is intended for operating in combination with other Metrel measuring equipment. The built in field detector is placed in the front end of the receiver. External detectors can be connected via the rear connector. Traced object must be energized when working with the EurotestXA. Detectors In built inductive sensor (IND) Current clamp Selective probe Operation Tracing hidden wires. Connected trough the rear connector. Locating wires. Connected trough the rear connector. Locating fuses in fuse cabinets. Figure C.1: Receiver R10K The user can choose between three sensitivity levels (low, middle and high). An extra potentiometer is added for fine sensitivity adjustment. A buzzer sound and 10-level LED bar graph indicator indicates the strength of the magnetic field e.g. proximity of the traced object. Note: The field strength can vary during tracing. The sensitivity should always be adjusted to optimum for each individual tracing. 103

104 C.1 Tracing principles C.1.1 Positioning the receiver The receiver has to be correctly positioned (see the figures below) to obtain the best results! Also wire position can be defined this way. Receiver R10K switched in uctive IND mode correct position Figure C.2: Detection of electromagnetic field Lines: energized L/L1 Mains supply N/L2 PE/L3 Receiver R10K in IND mode Figure C.3: The EurotestXA as a signal source for tracing lines C.1.2 Positioning current clamp Whenever it is possible to embrace the traced wire it is recommended to use the appropriate current clamp instead of the receiver inductive sensor (see figure below). By using the clamp, the signal selectivity will considerably improve. Always keep maximum distance between current clamp and R10K. 104

105 Lines: energized L/L1 Mains supply N/L2 PE/L3 Figure C.4: Transmitter as active load, clamp used instead of inductive sensor C.1.3 Positioning selective probe For searching a fuse in a group the selective probe shall be used. The wire or housing of the fuse must be touched at the right angle with it. Find the best signal by rotating the probe. Keep the maximum distance between R10K and selective probe. Note: Keep fingers behind the probe barrier to avoid electric shock and access of live parts. C.2 Detection distances for different connections Connection Connection between L and N wire in same wall socket Connection between L wire in one wall socket and N wire in other wall socket with separated conduits* Distance up to 40 cm 2 m * WARNING! Avoid connection of the EurotestXA in trace mode between line and PE of different wall sockets, electric shock hazard! C.3 R10K power supply The receiver R10K is supplied by a 9 V alkaline battery (IEC 6LR61). C.4 Maintenance Remove battery from R10K when not in use for a longer time. Apply maintenance instructions from chapter 7 of this document. 105

106 D Appendix D - IT supply systems In order for operator to be familiar enough with measurements in and their typical applications in IT supply system it is advisable to read Metrel handbook Measurements on IT power supply systems. D.1 Standard references EN , EN , EN , BS 7671 D.2 Fundamentals IT supply system is mains supply system that is insulated from ground (PE) it is ungrounded supplying system. The system is without direct connection to the ground or the connection is provided through relatively high impedance. It is applied mostly in areas where additional protection to electric shock is required. Typical places are medical surgery rooms. IT supply system also omits any grounding currents except leakages, and in this way there aren t problems with step voltage, i.e. voltage drop in one step, neither high energy sparking in Ex areas. In normal cases the high impedance to the ground exists and is formed by capacitances of supply wires to the ground plus capacitances between primary and secondary windings of IT supply transformer. Minor part is formed by Y capacitors (EMC) in mains section of connected equipment. Selecting appropriate transformer, installation cabling and selection of optional high impedance connection to ground can control maximum leakage current. Depending on application area additional impedance to the ground can be applied as presented in figure D.1 or through special loading equipment. Value of the impedance should begin from 100 Ω. IT system represents additional level of protection to electric shock. In the case of a failure of any line insulation to the PE through equipment failure, wrong application or procedure, this system is still safe but converted to TN / TT type. However, additional failure is hazardous, which means that the insulation has to be continuously checked and repaired immediately after detected failure. Supplementary to other protection devices the IT system normally contains insulation monitoring device (IMD) or system that alarms when insulation resistance or impedance is below set threshold. Threshold value depends on environment. Typical value for medical installations is 55 kω. In some countries it is not enough to trace insulation resistance of IT supply system to the ground, they require tracing of system capacitance, too. IEC ( IEC): In IT systems live parts shall be insulated from earth or connected to earth through sufficiently high impedance. This connection may be made either at the neutral point or at midpoint of the system or at an artificial neutral point. The latter may be connected directly to earth if the resulting impedance to earth is sufficiently high at the system frequency. Where no neutral point or mid-point exists a line conductor may be connected to earth through high impedance. 106

107 L1 133 V 133 V Optional high impedance 230 V 230 V 133 V L2 230 V L3 N (Optional) IMD Figure D.1: General IT supply system Three phase star connection, optional delta connection. Optional neutral line. Single-phase connection is also possible. Various system voltages not only three phase 230 V as indicated above. One faulty connection of any line to PE is treated as first fault and is regular but it has to be repaired as soon as possible. IEC : In IT systems the following monitoring devices and protective devices may be used: - Insulation monitoring devices (IMDs), - Residual current monitoring devices (RCMs), - Insulation fault location systems, - Overcurrent protective devices, - Residual current protective devices (RCDs). NOTE: Where a residual current operating device (RCD) is used, tripping of the RCD in the event of a first fault cannot be excluded due to capacitive leakage currents. Testing of IT supply system is slightly different to standard tests in TN / TT system. D.3 Measurement guides The user has to select the IT supply system in the instrument before testing it. The procedure for selecting the IT supply system is defined in chapter Supply system, Isc factor, RCD standard. Once the IT system is selected the instrument can be used immediately. The instrument keeps selected IT system when it is turned off. When the instrument detects appropriate voltage levels for selected IT system, the terminal voltage monitor shows IT system icon IT. 107

108 D.3.1 MI 3105 test functions and IT systems The table below contains functions of the instrument including compatibility notes related to the IT system. IT system functions Note Voltage Voltage Symbols modified for IT system, see figure D.2. Phase rotation For three phase system only, automatic detection. RCD functions Partially applicable. RCD - Uc Not applicable. RCD - Trip out Time t RCD - Tripping Current Applicable with bypassing the test current. RCD Automatic test Loop functions Not applicable. Fault Loop Impedance Fault Loop Prospective Short-circuit Current Line functions Line Impedance Impedance Z Line-Line. Line Prospective Short-circuit Current I SC for rated U Line-Line. Continuity functions Independent of selected supply system. Insulation Resistance Independent of selected supply system. Earth resistance Independent of selected supply system. PE test probe Active, but does not inhibit selected test if voltage is detected. D.3.2 Voltage measurements Figure D.2: Voltage measurements Displayed results for single phase system: U21... Voltage between line conductors, U1pe... Voltage between line 1 and protective conductor, U2pe... Voltage between line 2 and protective conductor. D.3.3 Line impedance 108

109 See chapter 5.5, the measurement is the same; only terminal voltage monitor indication corresponds to IT system. D.3.4 RCD testing RCD testing is performed in the same way as in TN/TT system (See chapter 5.3), with the following exception: - U C measurement is not relevant. Test circuit with bypassing principle should correspond to that on figure D.3. RCD Zi RCD L1 L2 L3 PE L/L1 N/L2 PE/L3 L2 PE L1 RE RE2 Figure D.3: RCD testing in IT system D.3.5 IMD testing This function is intended for checking the alarm threshold of insulation monitor devices (IMD) by applying a settable resistance between L1/PE and L2/PE terminals. See chapter 4.2 Single test for functionality of keys. Figure D.4: IMD test Test parameters for IMD test Type [OFF, I, R] Limit Minimum insulation resistance [20.0 kω kω] 109

110 Test circuit for IMD test and first fault leakage current L1 L2 L3 PE IMD N/L2 PE/L3 L2 L/L1 PE L1 Zi RE Figure D.5: Connection with plug commander and universal test cable Keys in IMD test procedure: / Change terminals to which resistance is applied (L1/PE or L2/PE). / Change the selected line. TEST Starts / stops test procedure. IMD test procedure Select the IMD CHECK function. Enable and set limit value (optional). Connect test cable to the instrument and tested item (see figure D.5). Press the TEST key for measurement. Press the / keys until IMD alarms an insulation failure for L1. Change line terminal selection to L2 ( / ). Press the / keys until IMD alarms an insulation failure for L2. Press the TEST key to stop the measurement. Store the result (optional). Figure D.6: Example of IMD test result. Displayed results: R1... Threshold insulation resistance for line 1, R2... Threshold insulation resistance for line 2, I1... Calculated first fault leakage current for R1, I2... Calculated first fault leakage current for R2. 110

111 Calculated first fault leakage current at threshold insulation resistance is given as: U L1 L2 I1(2) =. U L1-L2 is line-line voltage. The calculated first fault current is the maximum R 1(2) current that would flow when insulation resistance decreases to the same value as the applied test resistance, and a first fault is assumed between opposite line and PE. Note: It is recommended to disconnect all appliances from the tested supply to receive regular test results. Any connected appliance will influence the insulation resistance threshold test. D.3.6 First fault leakage current (ISFL) First fault leakage current measurement is performed in order to verify the maximum current that could leak into PE from observed line. This current flows through the insulation resistance and reactance (capacitance) between the other lines and PE. See chapter 4.2 Single test for functionality of keys. Figure D.7: ISFL measurement Test parameters for first fault leakage current measurement Limit Maximum leakage current [OFF, 3.0 ma 20.0 ma] First fault leakage current measuring procedure Select the ISFL function. Enable and set limit value (optional). Connect test cable to the instrument and tested installation (see figure D.5). Press the TEST key to start measurement. Store the result (optional). 111

112 Figure D.8: Example measurement result for the first fault leakage current Displayed results: Isc1... First fault leakage current at single fault between L1/PE, Isc2... First fault leakage current at single fault between L2/PE. D.4 Technical specifications Only technical specifications that are different to the specifications from chapter 8 of this document are listed below. D.4.1 First fault leakage current ISFL Measuring range (ma) Resolution (ma) Accuracy ±(5 % of reading + 3 digits) Measuring resistance...approx Ω D.4.2 Calibrated resistances for IMD testing Test resistance range...20 kω to 650 kω, 64 steps Test resistance accuracy...± 5 % Absolute maximum overload voltage V Calculated insulation leakage current Measuring range (ma) Resolution (ma) Accuracy ±(5 % of reading + 3 digits) 112

113 E Appendix E - Reduced low voltage supply systems E.1 Standard reference BS7671 E.2 Fundamentals Special supply systems are applied where inherent protection to electric shock is required but no SELV used. Reduced low voltage supply with ground reference can be used for this purpose. There are two options with 110 V nominal voltage. L1 55 V PE 110 V 63 V 55 V L2 Single phase with center tap connected to PE (i.e. 2 x 55 V). No neutral line. L1 63 V 110 V 110 V 63 V L2 110 V L3 Three phase star connection, center tap connected to PE (i.e. 3 x 63 V). No neutral line. Figure E.1: General reduced low voltage supply systems E.3 MI 3105 guides The user has to select the reduced low voltage supply system in the instrument before testing it. The procedure for selecting the reduced low voltage supply system is defined in chapter Supply system, Isc factor, RCD standard. Once the reduced low voltage system is selected the instrument can be used immediately. The instrument keeps selected reduced low voltage system when it is turned off. When the instrument detects appropriate voltage levels for selected reduced low voltage system, the terminal voltage monitor shows reduced low voltage system icon RV. 113

114 E.3.1 MI 3105 functions and reduced low voltage systems The table below contains EurotestXA functions intended for test and measurement of supply systems with compatibility notes related to the reduced low voltage system. Reduced low voltage Note system functions Voltage Voltage Symbols modified for reduced low voltage system. Phase rotation Three-phase system automatic detected. RCD functions RCD Contact voltage Uc For both possibilities, L1-PE and L2-PE. RCD - Trip out time t RCD - Tripping current RCD Automatic test Loop functions Fault Loop Impedance Both fault loops, Z 1 (L1-PE) and Z 2 (L2-PE). Fault Loop Prospective I Short-circuit Current SC1 and I SC2 for both fault loops. Line functions Line Impedance Impedance Z Line-Line. Line Prospective I Short-circuit Current SC for U Line-Line = 110 V. Continuity functions Independent of selected supply system. Insulation Resistance Independent of selected supply system. Earth resistance Independent of selected supply system. PE test probe Disabled. E Voltage measurements Figure E.2: Voltage measurements Displayed results for single phase system: U21... Voltage between line conductors U1pe... Voltage between line 1 and protective conductors U2pe... Voltage between line 2 and protective conductors 114

115 E RCD tests Maximum regular RCD test current is 1 A r.m.s. (1.4 A peak) and can be achieved only when fault loop impedance is lower than 1 Ω. Tests are carried out for both combination L1-PE and L2-PE automatically. Each individual test result is accompanied with appropriate indication. Figure E.3: RCD Uc test If input voltage is out of range it is displayed on terminal voltage monitor, together with the indicator of disabled test. E Line impedance test Measured impedance represents Line-Line impedance (Z L1-L2 ). Nominal system voltage for calculation of I PSC is set to 110 V. Nominal system voltage range for line impedance measurement is 90 V to 121 V. If input voltage is out of range it is displayed on terminal voltage monitor, together with the indicator of disabled test. E Fault loop impedance tests Definition of nominal system voltage for calculation of I PSC is changed to: 55 V for single-phase center-tap system selected, 63 V for three-phase system selected. Tests can be carried out for both combination L1-PE and L2-PE. Each individual test result is accompanied with appropriate indication. Nominal input voltages are: Figure E.4: Fault loop impedance (44 V Uinp < 61 V) for single-phase 55 V system (56 V Uinp 70 V) for three-phase 63 V system If input voltage is out of range it is displayed on terminal voltage monitor, together with the indicator of disabled test. E.4 Technical specifications 115

116 Only those technical specifications are listed below that are different to specifications from chapter 8 of this document. E.4.1 RCD General Nominal differential currents...10, 30, 100, 300, 500, 1000 ma Accuracy of actual differential currents:...-0 / +0.1 I Δ for I Δ = I ΔN, 2 I ΔN, 5 I ΔN -0.1 I ΔN / +0 for I Δ = 0.5 I ΔN Maximum nominal differential currents ma for I ΔN for declared accuracy: ma for 2 I ΔN 100 ma for 5 I ΔN Maximum test current:...1 A (for Z-LOOP < 1 Ω) Test current shape...sine wave (AC), pulsed (A) DC offset for pulsed test current...6 ma (typical) RCD type...g (non-delayed), S (time-delayed) Test current start at...0 or 180 Nominal input voltage...55 V / 63 V / 14 Hz 500 Hz Test possibilities...l1 - PE and L2 - PE Contact voltage U C Measuring range according to EN61557 is 20.0 V 31.0V for limit contact voltage 25V Measuring range according to EN61557 is 20.0 V 62.0V for limit contact voltage 50V Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy (-0 % / +15 %) of reading ± 10 digits (-0 % / +15 %) of reading *The accuracy is valid if: Mains voltage is stabile during the measurement. PE terminal is free of interfering voltages. Test current...< 0.5 I ΔN Limit contact voltage...25 V or 50 V The Contact Voltage is calculated to...i ΔN (standard type) or to 2I ΔN (selective type). Trip out time Complete measurement range corresponds to EN requirements. Maximum measuring times set according to selected reference for RCD testing. Measuring range (ms) Resolution (ms) Accuracy 0 40 * 0.1 ±1 ms 0 max. time * 0.1 ±3 ms * For max. time see normative references in this specification applies to max. time >40 ms. Test current... _ I ΔN, I ΔN, 2 I ΔN, 5 I ΔN 5 I ΔN is not applicable for I ΔN 100 ma (RCD types AC,A). 2 I ΔN is not applicable for I ΔN 500 ma (RCD type AC) or I ΔN 300 ma (RCD type A). 116

117 I ΔN is not applicable for I ΔN =1000 ma (RCD type AC) or I ΔN 500 ma (RCD type A). Trip-out current Trip-out current Complete measurement range corresponds to EN requirements. Measuring range I Δ Resolution I Δ Accuracy 0.2 I ΔN 1.1 I ΔN (AC type) 0.05 I ΔN ±0.1 I ΔN 0.2 I ΔN 1.5 I ΔN (A type, I ΔN 30 ma) 0.05 I ΔN ±0.1 I ΔN 0.2 I ΔN 2.2 I ΔN (A type, I ΔN <30 ma) 0.05 I ΔN ±0.1 I ΔN Trip-out time Measuring range (ms) Resolution (ms) Accuracy ±3 ms Contact voltage Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy (-0 % / +15 %) of reading ± 10 digits (-0 % / +15 %) of reading *The accuracy is valid if: Mains voltage is stabile during the measurement. PE terminal is free of interfering voltages. I ΔN is not applicable for I ΔN =1000 ma (RCD type AC) or I ΔN 500 ma (RCD type A). U CI voltage is calculated to tripping current I Δ. E.4.2 Fault loop impedance and prospective short-circuit current Fuse or no circuit breaker selected Fault loop impedance Measuring range according to EN61557 is 0.32 Ω Ω. Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy ±(10 % of reading + 5 digits) Prospective fault current (calculated value) Measuring range (A) Resolution (A) Accuracy k 9.99k k 23.0k 100 The accuracy is valid if: Mains voltage is stable during the measurement. Consider accuracy of fault loop resistance measurement 117

118 IPSC calculation:...ipsc = U N ksc / ZL-PE U N = 55 V; (44 V Uinp < 61 V) for selected 55 V single-phase system U N = 63 V; (56 V Uinp < 70 V) for selected 63 V three-phase system Maximum loading A / 10 ms Nominal input voltage...55 V / 63 V, 14 Hz 500 Hz Test possibilities...l1 - PE and L2 - PE RCD selected Loop impedance Measuring range according to EN61557 is 0.85 Ω Ω. Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy * ±(10 % of reading + 15 digits) ±15 % of reading ±20 % of reading * Accuracy may be impaired in case of heavy noise on mains voltage. Prospective fault current (calculated value) Measuring range (A) Resolution (A) Accuracy k 9.99k k 23.0k 100 Consider accuracy of fault loop resistance measurement IPSC calculation:...ipsc = U N ksc / ZL-PE U N = 55 V; (44 V Uinp < 61 V) for selected 55 V single-phase system U N = 63 V; (56 V Uinp < 70 V) for selected 63 V three-phase system Nominal input voltage...55 V / 63 V, 14 Hz 500 Hz Test possibilities...l1 - PE and L2 - PE No trip out of RCD. R, XL values are indicative. 118

119 E.4.3 Line impedance and prospective short-circuit current Z Line-Line Measuring range according to EN61557 is 0.25 Ω 19.9 kω. Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω) Accuracy ±(5 % of reading + 5 digits) 1.00k 9.99k k 19.9k 100 Prospective short-circuit current (calculated value) Measuring range (A) Resolution (A) Accuracy k 99.99k k 199k 1000 *The accuracy is valid if: Mains voltage is stable during the measurement. Consider accuracy of line resistance measurement IPSC calculation:...ipsc = U N ksc / ZLine-Line U N = 110 V; (90 V Uinp < 121 V) Maximum loading A / 10 ms Nominal input voltage V, 14 Hz 500 Hz R, XL values are indicative. 119