Sustainable Municipality Project & SymbioCity Approach 2.0

Transkript

1 Sustainable Municipality Project & SymbioCity Approach 2.0 two interconnected Swedish R&D Projects EU Special Sweden Week May 2013 Ulf Ranhagen Professor/Architect Sweden Considerable environmental improvements since the Stockholm Environmental Summit 1972 Strong political leadership Economic instruments carbon dioxide taxes energy tax relief on renewables etc Triple helix collaboration Integrated planning

2 Reduced dependence on oil for heating and electricity production in Sweden since the 70 s Source: Swedish energy hero district heating and district cooling

3 Successful examples of low-energy and passive buildings New buildings without heating systems Lindås 15kWh/sqm Renovation of existing apartments Brogården, Alingsås Buildings from 216 kwh/sqm to 85 kwh/sqm To gather and apply Swedish knowledge within sustainable urban development in an international context Western harbour/bo 01 Malmö Hammarby Sjöstad, Stockholm R&D projects Institutional exp Gårdsten, Gothenburg

4 Stepwise Development of the Swedish SymbioCity Concept SymbioCity Sustainability by Sweden Sustainable City Concept WWSD Johannesburg 2002 SymbioCity Approach (STC /SKL) R&D Projects The Sustainable City Approach Sida Manual The Sustainable Municipality Project (Swedish Energy Agency) Spatial Planning An instrument to push on the development of energy efficient measures in the built environemnt, to take advantage of reneweble energy and to facilitate environmental transportation modes An Arena for active dialogues among all stakeholders involved in the process A Tool for illuminating conflicts and syneriges A Prerequiste for preventation of problems and for an efficient and sustainable design and implementation process 8

5 THE PRIVATE SECTOR THE PUBLIC SECTOR Planning prevents environmental problems REGIONAL PLANNING, STRATEGIC EIA (SEA) ÖP / FÖP, STRATEGIC EIA/SEA Sustainability programme DP / EIA agreements DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIC PLANNING PROGRAMME DESIGN TENDERING CONSTRUCTION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

6 Step 1 Application of a systematic and flexible approach Define and organise the sustainability review The term sustainability MINDMAP External factors Analysis Internal factors SWOT Key issues Structured Objectives BRAINSTORMING Scenarios Future images - Alternatives BACKCASTING Strategic choice Impact Assessment Radar graph Effect profile Strategy Indicators MCA Source: Sustainable Municipality Project. KTH Ulf Ranhagen

7 Step 2 Form a cross-sectoral project organisation Step 2 Inter- och transdisciplinary collaboration in all phases of planning, design, construction, implementation and operation Economic issues Social issues Energy Environment Traffic Spatial/Urban planning

8 Step 3 Formulate a schedule and a work plan Participatory Approach Action-oriented R&D Step 4 Work in a workshop format establish a forum for dialogue Common workshops with representatives from several departments Workshops within a specific department 16

9 Step 5 Develop a local interpretation of sustainability Step 5 Develop a local interpretation of sustainability

10 Step 6 Prepare an external and internal conditions analysis for selcted planning area Urban morphology analysis at workshops and in the detailed comprehensive plan. Sala municipality Stadsanalys Step 6 Prepare an external and internal conditions analysis for selcted planning area The urban structure (the urban morphology) has large imortance for the options of achieving an otimal interplay between energu efficiency and renewable energy supply RESIDENTIAL TOWN

11 Step 6 Prepare an external and internal conditions analysis for selected planning area Dalsjöfors annual rings related to urban structures and energy performance 21 Step 7 Formulate key issues and goals concerning sustainable development based on step 6 (structured brainstorming) KEY ISSUES 22

12 Step 8 Develop spatial scenarios Vision without action is a daydream Action without vision is a nightmare Goal level 3 Alternative strategy: fast-slow VISION 2 PRESENT 1 Alternative strategy: slow-fast Short term Medium term Long term Back-casting methodology FÖP Ulricehamn scenariomatris Step 8 Develop spatial scenarios Concentrated city centre Limited build-out of infra Significant build-out of infra Widespread city centre SCENARIOMATRIX an application of the strategic choice megthodology 24

13 Step 8 Develop spatial scenarios 25 Step 9 Evaluate future images from a sustainability perspective Ranking diagramme Value rose spider diagramme MCA multi-criteria analysis

14 Step 10 Develop, presente and visualise a selected future image Hand- and computerdrawn perspective for illustration of the holistic view but also energy aspects 27 Step 11 Conduct a detailed survey of energy and traffic systems including energy use Energi och teknisk försörjning Befintligt fjärrvärmenät Graphic representation of the coverage of district heating heating system as a basis for a discussion of future development of the energy system 1) Further extension 2) local district heating system 3) low energy or passive buildings not connected with the district heating system Profound comprehensive plan for the urban centre of Nyköping Municipality Nyköpings kommun.

15 Step 11 Conduct a detailed survey of energy and traffic systems including energy use Pilot study in the City of Lund in southern Sweden Transect through LUND analysis of the realtionship beteween the urban structure and energy use (Dr Elisabetta Troglio) 29 Step 11 Conduct a detailed survey of energy and traffic systems including energy use Heat density map related to different urban typologies in the municipality of Ulricehamn Profound comprehensive planning for the urban centre of Ulricehamn

16 Step 12 Document the microclimate and local environmental effects of heating/cooling/electricity and transport Micro climate Heat Density Map in Skellefteå in northern Sweden Air quality Noise from energy production Step 12 Document the microclimate and local environmental effects of heating/cooling/electricity and transport thematic layer analysis

17 Step 13 Appreciate the potential for energy econimisation and renewable energy supply Local dsitrict heating based on biofuels Heat pumps Individual system based on biofuel Oil Solar combined with energy storage desirable/probable within 15 years perspective Present situation Electrictiy from grid Step 14 Develop scenarios and future images for energy and transport Principles behind the energy scenarios

18 Step 14 Develop scenarios and future images for energy and transport Scenario A : Low energy buildings including passive houses and plus houses Scenario B : Moderate energy efficiency & partial conversion to renewable energy Scenario C : District heating from biofuel and or waste to energy FOCUS ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY A B C FOCUS ON RENEWABLE ENERGY SUPPLY Step 15 Develop spatial future images with a focus on energy issues for heating/cooling/electricity and transport Profound comprehensive plan for Köpmanholmen in Örnsköldsvik Municipality

19 kton/år GWh/år Design of energy artefacts (Dr Björn Ekelund) Power lines passing by an university area Instämmer inte alls Instämmer till fullo Representerar för mig teknik Representerar för mig konst Instämmer inte alls Instämmer till fullo Jag tycker att kraftledningar Representerar för mig nytta representar något positivt Representerar för mig nöje Jag tycker att kraftledningar påverkar upplevelsen av omgivningen negativt Representerar för mig funktion Jag undviker att vistas i närheten Representerar för mig form av kraftledningar Generellt Befintlig Förslag Jag tycker att kraftledningar skall grävas ner i marken Generellt Befintlig Förslag 37 Ulf Ran hage n Feb Step 16 Evaluate and Assess the consequences of the spatial future images Enscen Dalsjöfors Borås Primary energy GWh/year A low energy buildings B Moderate energy efficiency C District heating minimum req for energy efficiency Kolkondenskraftverk Koldioxidutsläpp Nu A B C Kärnkraft / kolkondens Dalsjöfors Carbon dioxide emissions ton/year Nu A B C Kolkondensel Fossila bränslen

20 Step 16 Evaluate and Assess the consequences of the spatial future images TranScen Calculation models for planners in order to estimate total amount of carbon dioxide emissions for different transportation scenarios related to urban plans on different levels Step 16 Evaluate and Assess the consequences of the spatial future images Modell för beräkning av energianvändning och koldioxidutsläpp vid olika scenarier (under utveckling) Förutsättningar resenärer 30 km/pers,dag pkm/dag Ändra värden i vita rutor! Nollalternativ bil buss spårtrafik GC * enligt NTM - Nätverket för Transporter och Miljö, lokaltåg, kapacitet 174 pers drivmedel bensin diesel el* ** Ange med hur många procent energianvändningen väntas minska genom teknikutveckling BV inköp kolkondens *** minskning genom anv. av drivmedel/energislag som ger lägre nettoutsläpp av CO2 fördelning 80% 5% 5% 0% 10% Schablonvärden: etanol för bussar 80%, etanol (E85) 70 %, biogas 95%, RME 60% medelbeläggning ant pers 1, Teknikförbättr. energianvändn.** 0% 0% 0% 0% MWh/dag förändr kg/dag förändr CO2-minskning, drivmedel*** 0% 0% 0% 0% Nollalternativ tot energianv., MWh/dag 703 Scenario % % tot koldioxidutsläpp, kg/dag Scenario % % Scenario 1 resandeförändring 0% pkm/dag Scenario % % Koll bil buss spårtrafik GC fakta om aktuell kommun - avgränsningar mm fördelning 30% 25% 25% 0% 20% medelbeläggning ant pers 1, Teknikförbättr. energianvändn.** ange med positivt tal hur stor minskning som är målet CO2-minskning, drivmedel*** Mål: Energi 60% CO 2 80% tot energianv., MWh/dag % tot koldioxidutsläpp, kg/dag % Scenario 2 resandeförändring 0% pkm/dag GC Distans bil buss spårtrafik GC fördelning 40% 15% 15% 0% 30% medelbeläggning ant pers 1, Teknikförbättr. energianvändn.** CO2-minskning, drivmedel*** tot energianv., MWh/dag % tot koldioxidutsläpp, kg/dag % Scenario 3 resandeförändring 0% pkm/dag Miljöbil bil buss spårtrafik GC fördelning 70% 10% 10% 0% 10% medelbeläggning ant pers 1, Teknikförbättr. energianvändn.** CO2-minskning, drivmedel*** Kollektivtrafik tot energianv., MWh/dag % tot koldioxidutsläpp, kg/dag % 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% -20% GC GC EXEMPEL Energi CO 2 GC GC Nollalternativ Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 minskning energi & CO 2 mål Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 energi CO2 Synpunkter, förbättringsförslag och exempel på användning mottages tacksamt magnusson Miljökonsult och Utbildning AB leif@magnussonkonsult.se Antalet pkm påverkar bara MWh/dag och kg CO2/dag i gula tabellen. De procentuella förändringarna är alltså oberoende av antal pkm i Förutsättningar Eventuella förändringar av befolkningsmänd redovisas i antagande om resandeförändring. Calculation model based on modal split and other factors

21 Step 16 Evaluate and Assess the consequences of the spatial future images utsläpp enl miljömål kg co2 per dag vid oförändrad bränsleslag Kg co2 per per dag vid 50% förbättring Kg co2 per dag vid 80% förbättring Nuläge nuläge 2030 trolig 2030 mål ,8 1,6 1,4 1,2 1 0,8 utsläpp enl miljömål kg co2 per person vid oförändrad bränsleslag Kg co2 per person vid 50% förbättring Kg co2 per person vid 80% förbättring 0,6 Nuläge 0,4 0,2 0 nuläge 2030 trolig 2030 mål 2050 TRANSCEN Österåker. Achievment of targets on municipal and individual level Step 16 Evaluate and Assess the consequences of the spatial future images > 50% reduced energy use in alla scenrios 75%-95% reduction of carbon dioxide emissions in all scenarios CO2 present situation 85/10/5 Focus on public trpt 30/50/20 Focus on walking&cycling + telecommuting 40/30/30 Results from use of TRANSCEN tool in the pilot phase Focus on environmental cars 70/10/20

22 Step 17 Document hard and soft measures for implementing planning measures Steg 18 Develop forms of collaboration between various actors in all phases (the PBA+) 44

23 Step 17 Document hard and soft measures for implementing planning measures Step 19 Develop physical and digital arenas for planning, expereience feed-back and follow-up Increased awareness and change of life-style is a prerequisite for success in the energy and climate efforts A new way bof thining is necessary to solve the problems that we have aroused by the old way of thinking (A.Einstein)

24 Steg 20 Develop a model for implementing and monitoring the planning case The ecological footprint should be reduced by 80% for long term survival Steg 20 Develop a model for implementing and monitoring the planning case

25 GWh/år Steg 20 Develop a model for implementing and monitoring the planning case Indicators: Estimated potential of renewable energy resources in relation to the present energy supply (KWh renewables / KWh totalt, ha renewablest/ha total etc) Solvärme Vindkraft Vattenkraft Skogsbränsle Energiskog på åkermark Bruttoenergitillförsel idag Sol- na Ving- åker Bo- rås Ulrice- hamn Örnsk- öldsvik Source: : Dag Henning, Optensys Steg 20 Develop a model for implementing and monitoring the planning case

26 Steg 20 Develop a model for implementing and monitoring the planning case