Från konsument till medproducent

Transkript

1 Fakulteten för landskapsarkitektur, trädgårdsoch växtproduktionsvetenskap Från konsument till medproducent Förekomsten och utvecklingen av Community Supported Agriculture i Sverige From consumer to co-producer Birth and growth of Community Supported Agriculture in Sweden Jenny Sjöblom Självständigt arbete 30 hp Avancerad nivå A2E Hållbar stadsutveckling, ledning, organisering och förvaltning Alnarp 2015

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12 1.2 Syfte och frågeställningar 76>+&+ )&9 9&,,4 *+/92& O% 4++ /,9&%*$'4 >$%&'()*+&, (-. /+0&-'12,3&, 40 )(9&11&, 5())/,2+67/88(%+&9:3%2-/1+/%&X57:Y270&%23&(-.9&**>$%/+*O++,2,34%.O%Wa294%&O% 4)B2+2(,&,4++/,9&%*$'4()57:'4,B29%4+211*+4%'4%&%&14+2(,&%)&114,8%(9/-&,+&%(-. '(,*/)&,+&% *4)+ &, )&%.P11B4% 120*)&9&1*>$%*$%A,2,3Z *(-241+E &'(,()2*'+ (-. )21A$)O**23+BP9&8P14,9*B639&,(-.2*+O9&%,4270&%23&W a492,,&bo%57:270&%23&e021'4)$a123.&+&%(-./+)4,2,34%>2,,*)&9)(9&11&,(-../%*&%>$%/+*o++,2,34%,4>$%&,/+0&-'12,340)(9&11&,/+270&%23&b c4,57:2)81&)&,+&%4*>$%4++*+o%'4%&14+2(,&,)&114,8%(9/-&,+(-.'(,*/)&,+b c4,57:04%4&++)&9&1>$%4++>$%*&)o,,2*'(%2*(-2(&'(,()2*'+/+*4++4()%p9&, )&9B211234%&(-..O1*(*4))4%&120*)&9&1b 1.3 Avgränsning _&++44%B&+&B&3%O,*4%* &0&%'*4).&+&%*()B&9%20*&,123+8%2,-28&%,4>$%57:W 1.4 Disposition C,1&94,9& B&*'%20* '(%+ +&(%2&% '%2,3 9&, 31(B *)&9&1*8%(9/'+2(,&,* &>>&'+ 8P )O,,2*'4,(-.)21A$,(-.0499&++4.4>+>$%&>>&'+8P9&,*0&,*'4120*)&9&1*8%(9/'+2(,&,W a294%& 8%&*&,+&%4* +&(%2&% '%2,3 9&, 41+&%, *)&9&1*%$%&1*&, )&% 2,3P&,9& (-. *1/+123&, 16>+* +&(%2&% '%2,3 57: >%4) >$% 4++ >P &, >$%*+P&1*& >$% )(9&11&, 2 &, 31(B41 '(,+&I+WC>$1A4,9&40*,2++8%&*&,+&%4*)&+(9&,*()4,0O,+*(-../%4,416*4%B&+&+3P+++211W eo*+4 40*,2++ 8%&*&,+&%4% %&*/1+4+&, >%P, 9&, &)82%2*'4 *+/92&,W f&*/1+4+&, 8%&*&,+&%4* /+2>%P,>(%*',2,3*>%P3(%,4W :0*1/+,2,3*02* 8%&*&,+&%4* *1/+*4+*&%,4>$1A+40 &,92*'/**2(, '%2,3>$%* >%4)+294>(%*',2,3W U

13 2. Metod 2.1 Val av litteratur och teoretiska utgångspunkter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go,3,&%/9 XNMTNYB$%.$34'%40*+O114*8PB&*'%204,9&*+/92&%EB14,9 4,,4+B$%)4,.4'14%+>$%*23049&,*/,9&%*$',2,3*8%(B1&)O%r&++>41140i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

14 *+/92&%()57:32-'9(-'4++>2,,4E04%409&,&,404%>%P,NMML(-.9&,4,9%4>%P,NMMSWC BP94>411&,3A(%9&**+/92&,8Pf4)*A$3P%9E9&+&,9457:*()>4,,*0299&,+298/,'+&,W a294%&4,0o,9&*(04,,o),94b&3%&882*$',2,3&,40b2b12(+&'&+*'4+41(39o%&,b(''%2,3 57:32-'4++>2,,4Wa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al av undersökningsområde 6#76#$08,+$,. K&,()&++3&923&+2,+%&**&>$%120*)&9&1*8%(9/'+2(,(-.41+&%, *+%2B/+2(,*)(9&11&% >4,,* &, 02** >$%>$%*+P&1*& () O),&+ 029 *+/92&,* *+4%+W _&+ 04% 9(-' 3&,() 2,+&,*20 1O*,2,3 40 *P0O1 0&+&,*' %+2'14% *() B$-'&% >$%>4++49& 40 >(%*'4%& %&*8&'+20& 3%O04,9&A(/%,412*+&%*()&,$'49>$%*+P&1*&(-.'/,*'48()O),&+0OI+&>%4)W &:,#$6%&'&($"*;,%0."<=.2&:,#$6%&'&($"-#8:, a29&++1/,-.*&)2,4%2/))&9k-$% 3"*E&++2, >$%4++'(8814*4))4,B$,9&%(-. '(,*/)&,+&%E>2-'A43/88$3(,&,>$%41+&%, *+%2B/+2(,*)(9&11&%>$%*)PB$,9&%Wa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19 3. Teorianknytning 3.1 Den alternativa livsmedelsrörelsen Locavores F('41 120*)&9&1*8%(9/'+2(, *() 9%20* 40 *)PB$,9&% 16>+* >%4) *() &++ 41+&%, &,* 31(B *)&9&1**6*+&) Xe21**(, (-. J(,+E NMTMZg2,,&ENMTMYW:1+&%, *)&9&1**6*+&)'4,*&**()&++)(+*+P,9)(+9&+2,9/*+%2&114120*)&9&1**6*+&)&+&11&% *() s&++ *O >%O)A4 &++ )&% 0O%9&B4*&%4+ >$%.P11,2,3**O )4+E A(%9B%/' (-. *4).O11&s Xg2,,&E NMTME *WTlYW _&, 41+&%, *)&9&1*%$%&1*&, O%*8%/,3&+/% 4,+231(B412*&%2,3*4'+202*)&,/,9&%*&,+TkkM;+41( NMMM;+41Xf/96ENMTNY:94)* (-. 741(2* XNMTMY )&,4% 4++ 9&+ *() B$%A49& *() &++ 41+&%, &+ 2,9/*+%2&114 A(%9B%/'&+ (-. '(,0&,+2(,&11 )4+,/ /+0&-'14+* +211 &, 1('41 )4+%$%&1*& X.&,3. N&&( :&4#:#C;Y0 #$%&*8%P'4%& >$% %$%&1*&, '4114% *23 (>+4 i1(-40(%&*i(-.4%3/)&,+&%4% >$% B&+69&1*&,404++O+41('41+(-..P11B4%+(9149)4+BP9&>$%)21A$,*(-.>$%.O1*4,**'/11 Xf/96E NMTNYW _&,,4 >(%) 40 4'+202*) +4% *23 /++%6-' 2 &, )O,39 (12'4 >(%)&% *P*() 3&)&,*'48.&+*(912,34%Z,&::9C@;$D3'(#C)[])4+'((8&%4+20E57:E<(,9&,*&3&,J4%',49] B6+&*3%/88&%>$%>%$*4)14%&E/%B4,(912,3E8&%)4'/1+/%(-.*P0294%&Xf/96ENMTNYW57:E 8%&,/)&%4+2(,&% 8P 3%$,*4'*1P9(% X*P '41149& 4#D#;3G.#G&`),U#:#)Y (-. <(,9&,*&3&, J4%',49O%&I&)8&18P>$%*$'4++'(8814*4))4,8%(9/-&,+&,(-.'(,*/)&,+&,Xe21**(, (-.J(,+ENMTMY(-./+3$%&I&)8&18P1('414)4+*6*+&)Xe21**(,ENMMkBYW% <&3%&88&+.&,34&'# )6,+49&* d%&,+2-& 2.&,,&* B(' i#/11 J((, #&4*+i NMMS Xf/96ENMTNYW _&+0&%'4%9(-'>2,,4* &++ 4,+41(12'49&>2,2+2(,&%8PB&3%&88&+WJ&94, :94)* (-. 741(2* XNMTMY B&,O),&% 9&+ *() &, 8&%*(, )&9 8%&>&%&,* >$% 1('41 )4+ 9&>2,2&%4% [.21)4,6E <(,9 (-. <(,9 XNMMlY 9&+ *() &, i1('412,0p,4%& *() >$%*$'&% O+4 &,B4%+)4+*()(914*&11&%8%(9/-&%4*2,()&,%492&8PTMM)21&*iX*WTLMLE>$%>4++4%&,* $0&%*O++,2,3YWH,123+f/96XNMTNY>2,,*9&+9&>2,2+2(,&%8P.&,34&'@):*()4,+69&%4++)4, B4%4*'4O+4)4+*()8%(9/-&%4+*2,()&,%492&8P./,9%4)21&*)&94,4,9%4)&,4%4++ )4, *'4 O+4 >%P, *2, %&32(,W f/96 4,*&% 9(-' 4++ 9&**4 9&>2,2+2(,&% 2,+& >P,34% 'O%,4, 2 %$%&1*&,WD(,B&+(,4%4++9&+*()16>+*>%4)408%2, >$%&+%O94%&>$%.&,34&'@):O%4++ 9&+.4,914% () 4++ 1O%4 'O,,4 9&, 3P%9 *4)+ B(,9& 04%2>%P, 9&, )4+ 9/ '(,*/)&%4% '())&%2>%P,Wi#$%9&>1&*+4.&,34&'#)O%9&+2,+&B4%4&,>%P34()04%)4+&,(914+*/+4,40 0&)(-../%iXf/96ENMTNE*WNlYW NMMR/88)O%'*4))49&*B&3%&88&+.&,34&'#*()iP%&+*(%9i40YU#+#%T`N&'(J:#'@,3C R@,;@&C3'$X[.21)4,6&+41WENMMlZf/96ENMTNY021'&+(-'*P3A(%9&4++'(,-&8+&+'%2,34++ O+41('418%(9/-&%4+>2-',4+2(,&11/88)O%'*4).&+X2G7:YXf/96ENMTNYW74))4P%149&* B&3%&88& #%T`N&'(PCD.@)UR@,;@&C3'$ (-. *() &, '(,*&'0&,*.4%&>+&%>%P34,8P 1('418%(9/-&%49 )4+ $'4+ X:94)* (-. 741(2*E NMTMYW F(-40(%&*&>+&%*+%O04%*P0O1 TN

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