EU legislation on sustainability

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1 Xxxx Xxxxx Xxx xxx xxx xx. xxx. xx Sustainability EU legislation on sustainability Gustav Melin CEO, SVEBIO Chairman, AEBIOM 1

2 Mission: To increase the use of bioenergy in an economically and environmentally optimal way.

3 Swedish Bioenergy Association Interest organisation for companies and private persons Almost 300 member companies are producers, users, manufacturing firms, consultants and service companies etc.

4 Share of final energy use in Sweden 2011 Fossil gas 11,3 TWh; 3,0% Wind power 5,3 TWh; 1,4% Heat pumps 3,8 TWh; 1,0% Coal 19,1 TWh; 5,0% Nuclear power 49,8 TWh; 13,1% BIOENERGY 120,3 TWh; 31,6% Hydro power 56,6 TWh; 14,9% Oil 113,9 TWh; 30,0%

5 Share of renewable energy in Sweden s energy use

6 Ekonomisk tillväxt och minskade CO 2 -utsläpp med mer bioenergi, samtidigt som skogsvolymerna har ökat Bioenergi BNP Klimatgasutsläpp Sv. Virkesförråd Bioenergi BNP/GDP Sveriges Virkesförråd/ Volume of growing stock Klimatgasutsläpp/ GHG-emissions

7 About AEBIOM European Biomass Association Represents and promotes interests of bioenergy stakeholders 32 national associations About 70 associated companies Activities: lobbying, workshops, newsletters, European projects, working groups, conferences and networking, etc. Based in Brussels in the Renewable Energy House Member of EREC (European Renewable Energy Council), WBA (World Bioenergy Association) and EUFORES (MEP association)

8 Global carbon budget (Billion tonnes C per year) Fossil fuel & cement Deforestation Forest growth Atmospheric growth Ocean sink Global Carbon Project 2011; Updated from Le Quéré et al. 2009, Nature G; Canadell et al. 2007, PNAS

9 Global carbon budget 2010 (Billion tonnes C per year) ,14 Carbon emmissions from deforestation is 9 per cent of Fossils total and emissions. cement 8,5 Global forest Deforestation growth assimilate carbon 1,2 corresponding Forest to three growth times carbon -4,5 emmissions from Sink in deforestation. oceans -2,5 Residual 1,3 Accumulated in atmosphere 3,7 5,01 2 0, Fossil fuel & cement Deforestation Forest growth Ocean sink Atmospheric growth (Sum) -2,69-2,31 Global Carbon Project 2011; Updated from Le Quéré et al. 2009, Nature G; Canadell et al. 2007, PNAS

10 Mtoe Gross inland consumption of renewables in the EU27 (Mtoe) Biomass and waste Solar Geothermal Hydro Power Wind Energy Source: Eurostat Total gross inland consumption of renewable in the EU27 in 2009: 153 Mtoe 68,6% Bioenergy

11 ktoe A steady growth of bioenergy in Europe, (ktoe) Bioheat and derived heat Biofuels for transport Bioelectricity Source: Eurostat

12 kt Total consumption of pellets in EU27, (kt) Source: Pro Pellets Austria; Pelletsatlas, 2009

13 Current price relations Wood Chips, delivered at plant 20 / MWh Pellets price CIF Rotterdam 30 / MWh Crude oil, Brent / MWh

14 Oil for heating are now quickly replaced globally by much cheaper wood pellets Installations of powder burners Burner size 5 50 MWth There are several suppliers of Multifuel burners that can use wood powder, coal powder, oil or natural gas. WTS, Petrokraft, Clean Combustion, Andritz etc. In September World market price of brent crude oil is 114 USD/Barrel. One barrel contains 1,7 MWh energy. One tonne of wood pellets contains 4,8 MWh, Price (World market) of 4,8 MWh Crude Oil = 240 Price of 4,8 MWh pellets delivered in port = 136

15 HEAT ROADMAP EUROPE 2050 Report written by: Aalborg University and Halmstad University for Euroheat & Power, Brussels Shows that Europe can save 14 billion per year if using current waste heat from power production in district heating. Pay back time is 2-3 years and investment would create thousands of profitable jobs in Europe.

16 Promoting Combined Heat and Power would save money and emissions! BioPower production compete better if waste heat can be sold to heat market. Bioenergy can compete well with fossils in Combined Heat and Power. Lack of knowledge, Planning permission and mind set are the obstacles. Infrastructure funds can be used to push decisions.

17 Policy decisions needed to develop the market. ETS Emission Trading Scheme, EUA currently traded at 8/CO 2 tonne. The conclusion must be that it is not difficult to fulfil the 2020-goals, regardless of German nuclear phase out and increased use of fossils. CCS Could be decided to be financed within the ETS-system CO 2 tax proposed in Energy Taxation Directive 20/ CO 2 -tonne

18 ILUC Indirect Land Use Change, Since the Land Use Change is not caused by production of bioenergy. Bioenergy producer have no influence to the problem and cannot change behavior to solve the problem. Thus the ILUC factor is of no use. Instead it is important to protect valuable nature and take legal actions against those who cause Direct Land Use Change. SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA CARBON NEUTRALITY

19 AEBIOM supports the introduction of sustainability criteria for solid and gaseous biomass at EU level To increased public acceptance of bioenergy If done at low administrative cost We demand the use of existing sustainability schemes We demand logic policy and thus sustainable production and criteria in all branches also in fossil energy, food, timber, clothing etc.

20 Carbon neutrality We mean that several of the reports in this area and the modelling can be questioned. Two scientific views are possible when looking at Carbon neutrality: The individual the tree The population the forest

21 The individual the tree The tree obviously have to assimilate carbon before burned and wouldn t exist if it wasn t carbon positive.

22 The population the forest The forest can be mismanaged and cut down, this is bad economy and mainly done in poor countries or were owners rights are unclear. Global forests increase today and proper managed and replanted forests are carbon neutral or even carbon positive and collect more carbon over time. Natural forests do not increase carbon storage in the long run.

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27 Ca 2 % av den globala åkermarken används för odling av energigrödor Skog 26% Gräsmark och bete 28% Åkermark 10% Energigrödor 2% Öken, berg, övrigt 34% Bebyggelse, infrastruktur 2% Globalt finns ca 1500 miljoner hektar åkermark. Biodrivmedel odlas på ca 30 miljoner hektar av dessa.

28 Fördelning av de två procenten energigrödor Argentina (soja) 4% USA (majs/soja) 46% Brasilien (sockerrör/ soja) 18% EU (raps/ sockerbetor/ vete) 26% Kanada (majs och vete) 1% Kina (majs och vete) 5%

29 Genomsnittlig årlig produktion av etanol och biodiesel (miljoner liter) Etanol Biodiesel USA EU 9184 Brasilien USA 1658 Kina 7189 Argentina 1576 EU 5651 Brasilien 1550 Indien 1892 Malaysia 765 Thailand 672 Australien 627 Sydafrika 384 Thailand 584 Indonesien 210 Indonesien 369 Mexiko 64 Sydafrika 57 Tanzania 29 Mozambique 51 Mozambique 25 Tanzania 50 Övriga 6593 Övriga 1137 Totalt Totalt Som jämförelse tillverkar Agroetanol 210 miljoner liter etanol i Sverige

30 1 200 Realpris för vete Kansas City US dollar/ton

31 Hektarskörd vete kg/ha, Sverige / / / / / /2005 Under åren var den årliga produktionsökningen 1,7 %. Mellan 1990 och 2005 bedrev Sverige politik för att minska överproduktionen av spannmål.

32 Satsningar på jordbruket avgörande för ökad produktivitet på befintlig odlingsmark ( ) Källa: Nature, A new hope for Africa

33 ÅR Global matproduktion Ökning matefterfrågan % ,2 % ,6 % ,4 % Ökning av matproduktion % ,2 % ,6 % ,3 % 600,0 500,0 400,0 300,0 200,0 100,0 Matproduktion Efterfrågan Behov enl. FN Låg ökning Normal ökning För att täcka behovet enligt FN fram till 2050 behövs en årlig matproduktionsökning om 1,1 % 0,0 Ur rapporten LONG TERM PERSPECTIVES FOR WORLD AGRICULTURE AND THE ROLE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ITS EVOLUTION, FAO 2005